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Saffie Awad P, Teixeira-Dos-Santos D, Santos-Lobato BL, Camargos S, Cornejo-Olivas M, de Mello Rieder CR, Mata IF, Chaná-Cuevas P, Klein C, Schumacher Schuh AF. Frequency of Hereditary and GBA1-Related Parkinsonism in Latin America: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Mov Disord 2024; 39:6-16. [PMID: 37921246 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying hereditary parkinsonism is valuable for diagnosis, genetic counseling, patient prioritization in trials, and studying the disease for personalized therapies. However, most studies were conducted in Europeans, and limited data exist on admixed populations like those from Latin America. OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess the frequency and distribution of genetic parkinsonism in Latin America. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the frequency of parkinsonian syndromes associated with genetic pathogenic variants in Latin America. We defined hereditary parkinsonism as those caused by the genes outlined by the MDS Nomenclature of Genetic Movement Disorders and heterozygous carriers of GBA1 pathogenic variants. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and LILACS in August 2022. Researchers reviewed titles and abstracts, and disagreements were resolved by a third researcher. After this screening, five researchers reanalyzed the selection criteria and extracted information based on the full paper. The frequency for each parkinsonism-related gene was determined by the presence of pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants among screened patients. Cochran's Q and I2 tests were used to quantify heterogeneity. Meta-regression, publication bias tests, and sensitivity analysis regarding study quality were also used for LRRK2-, PRKN-, and GBA1-related papers. RESULTS We included 73 studies involving 3014 screened studies from 16 countries. Among 7668 Latin American patients, pathogenic variants were found in 19 different genes. The frequency of the pathogenic variants in LRRK2 was 1.38% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.52-2.57), PRKN was 1.16% (95% CI: 0.08-3.05), and GBA1 was 4.17% (95% CI: 2.57-6.08). For all meta-analysis, heterogeneity was high and publication bias tests were negative, except for PRKN, which was contradictory. Information on the number of pathogenic variants in the other genes is further presented in the text. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insights into hereditary and GBA1-related parkinsonism in Latin America. Lower GBA1 frequencies compared to European/North American cohorts may result from limited access to gene sequencing. Further research is vital for regional prevalence understanding, enabling personalized care and therapies. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Saffie Awad
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento (CETRAM), Santiago, Chile
- Clínica Santa María, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Bruno Lopes Santos-Lobato
- Hospital Ophir Loyola, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório de Neuropatologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Sarah Camargos
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mario Cornejo-Olivas
- Neurogenetics Working Group, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Ignacio F Mata
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Pedro Chaná-Cuevas
- Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento (CETRAM), Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Artur F Schumacher Schuh
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Serviço de Neurologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Santos-Lobato BL, Schumacher-Schuh A, Mata IF, Letro GH, Braga-Neto P, Brandão PRP, Godeiro-Junior CO, Coletta MVD, Camargos ST, Borges V, Rieder CRM, Tumas V. Genetics of Parkinson's disease in Brazil: a systematic review of monogenic forms. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2021; 79:612-623. [PMID: 34468500 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing numbers of mutations causing monogenic forms of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been described, mostly among patients in Europe and North America. Since genetic architecture varies between different populations, studying the specific genetic profile of Brazilian patients is essential for improving genetic counseling and for selecting patients for clinical trials. OBJECTIVE We conducted a systematic review to identify genetic studies on Brazilian patients and to set a background for future studies on monogenic forms of PD in Brazil. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science from inception to December 2019 using terms for "Parkinson's disease", "genetics" and "Brazil". Two independent reviewers extracted the data. For the genes LRRK2 and PRKN, the estimated prevalence was calculated for each study, and a meta-analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 32 studies were included, comprising 94 Brazilian patients with PD with a causative mutation, identified from among 2,872 screened patients (3.2%). PRKN mutations were causative of PD in 48 patients out of 576 (8.3%). LRRK2 mutations were identified in 40 out of 1,556 patients (2.5%), and p.G2019S was the most common mutation (2.2%). CONCLUSIONS PRKN is the most common autosomal recessive cause of PD, and LRRK2 is the most common autosomal dominant form. We observed that there was a lack of robust epidemiological studies on PD genetics in Brazil and, especially, that the diversity of Brazil's population had not been considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno L Santos-Lobato
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Laboratório de Neuropatologia Experimental, Belém PA, Brazil.,Hospital Ophir Loyola, Serviço de Neurologia, Belém PA, Brazil
| | - Artur Schumacher-Schuh
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Neurologia, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Farmacologia, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil
| | - Ignacio F Mata
- Lerner Research Institute, Genomic Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Grace H Letro
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Centro de Ciências da Vida, Campinas SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Braga-Neto
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Serviço de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Fortaleza CE, Brazil
| | - Pedro R P Brandão
- Universidade de Brasília, Laboratório de Neurociências e Comportamento, Brasília DF, Brazil
| | - Clécio O Godeiro-Junior
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Medicina Integrada, Natal RN, Brazil
| | | | - Sarah T Camargos
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
| | - Vanderci Borges
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Setor de Transtornos de Movimento, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos R M Rieder
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Departamento de Neurologia, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil
| | - Vitor Tumas
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil
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Longo GS, Pinhel MAS, Gregório ML, Oliveira BAP, Quinhoneiro DCG, Tognola WA, Oliveira FN, Martins DP, Cezario SM, Sado CL, Nakazone MA, Calastri MCJ, Souza DRS. Alpha-synuclein A53T mutation is not frequent on a sample of Brazilian Parkinson's disease patients. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2016; 73:506-9. [PMID: 26083886 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20150032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) involves both genetic susceptibility and environmental factors, with focus on the mutation in the alpha-synuclein gene (SNCA).Objective To analyse the polymorphism SNCA-A53T in patients with familial PD (FPD) and sporadic PD (SPD). METHOD A total of 294 individuals were studied, regardless of sex and with mixed ethnicity. The study group with 154 patients with PD, and the control group included 140 individuals without PD. The genotyping of SNCA-A53T was performed by PCR/RFLP. Significance level was p < 0.05. RESULTS Among all patients, 37 (24%) had FPD and 117 (75.9%) had SPD. The absence of SNCA-A53T mutation was observed in all individuals. CONCLUSION SPD is notably observed in patients. However, the SNCA-A53T mutation was absent in all individuals, which does not differ controls from patients. This fact should be confirmed in a Brazilian study case with a more numerous and older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela S Longo
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, Sao José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcela A S Pinhel
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno A P Oliveira
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Driele C G Quinhoneiro
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Waldir A Tognola
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, Sao José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fábio N Oliveira
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, Sao José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Sabrina M Cezario
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, Sao José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo A Nakazone
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, Sao José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria C J Calastri
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, Sao José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Dorotéia R S Souza
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, Sao José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
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Sturm E, Stefanova N. Multiple system atrophy: genetic or epigenetic? Exp Neurobiol 2014; 23:277-91. [PMID: 25548529 PMCID: PMC4276800 DOI: 10.5607/en.2014.23.4.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare, late-onset and fatal neurodegenerative disease including multisystem neurodegeneration and the formation of α-synuclein containing oligodendroglial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs), which present the hallmark of the disease. MSA is considered to be a sporadic disease; however certain genetic aspects have been studied during the last years in order to shed light on the largely unknown etiology and pathogenesis of the disease. Epidemiological studies focused on the possible impact of environmental factors on MSA disease development. This article gives an overview on the findings from genetic and epigenetic studies on MSA and discusses the role of genetic or epigenetic factors in disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Sturm
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
| | - Nadia Stefanova
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
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Deng H, Yuan L. Genetic variants and animal models in SNCA and Parkinson disease. Ageing Res Rev 2014; 15:161-76. [PMID: 24768741 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD; MIM 168600) is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a variety of motor and non-motor features. To date, at least 20 loci and 15 disease-causing genes for parkinsonism have been identified. Among them, the α-synuclein (SNCA) gene was associated with PARK1/PARK4. Point mutations, duplications and triplications in the SNCA gene cause a rare dominant form of PD in familial and sporadic PD cases. The α-synuclein protein, a member of the synuclein family, is abundantly expressed in the brain. The protein is the major component of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites in dopaminergic neurons in PD. Further understanding of its role in the pathogenesis of PD through various genetic techniques and animal models will likely provide new insights into our understanding, therapy and prevention of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Deng
- Center for Experimental Medicine and Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 138, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China.
| | - Lamei Yuan
- Center for Experimental Medicine and Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 138, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and motor neuron disease share a propensity to occur with increasing age and as either a sporadic or a familial disorder. A number of behavioral and environmental risk factors have been proposed for each disorder, but most associations lack consistency and specificity. Over the last decade the remarkable frequency of these disorders has become apparent, and the identification of mutations in genes has provided the means to understand their pathogenesis. Better and more accurate means to characterize and diagnose these diseases has greatly facilitated analytic epidemiology. The analysis of behavioral and genetic factors that may lower disease risk has led to clinical trials that are either in progress or being planned with the aim of preventing these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Mayeux
- The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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