Pós-graduação Stricto Sensu em Enfermagem no Brasil: avanços e perspectivas

Nursing care for the Amazon population: knowledge production and human resource development

OBJECTIVES

to analyze knowledge production adherence from a master's course in nursing in the Amazon to care and health demands in the region, with an emphasis on neglected tropical diseases and traditional populations in the Amazon.

METHODS

a descriptive study, with a quantitative approach and documentary basis, analyzing dissertations defended in a Graduate Program in Nursing at the Universidade do Estado do Pará in association with the Universidade Federal do Amazonas, from 2012-2019. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed.

RESULTS

of the 105 dissertations analyzed, 30 (28.6%) were related to neglected tropical diseases. Of these, 11 (10.5%) dealt with Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, tuberculosis, malaria, and leprosy. Traditional populations in the Amazon participated in only 11 (10.5%) studies.

CONCLUSIONS

knowledge production in a master's course has adherence to care and health demands in the region; however, it needs to enhance its production to strengthen its identity.

The approach to the environmental issues in postgraduate nursing in Brazil

OBJECTIVES

to analyze the insertion of environmental issues in the postgraduate stricto sensu in nursing in Brazil.

METHODS

quali-quantitative research, of exploratory approach, with documental research in the Sucupira Platform and in sites of the 112 courses stricto sensu in Nursing in Brazil, in 2018. We analyzed the curricular matrixes; course menus; teaching profile; dissertations and thesis (2004-2016); and bibliographic productions of the four-year evaluation 2013-2016. The analysis of quantitative data was performed by statistical methods; and qualitative data, by the Content Analysis Technique, outlined by Bardin.

RESULTS

the results demonstrate incipiency in the treatment of environmental issues. Regarding the theme, we highlight those that refer to socio-historical-cultural aspects in relation to the more direct environmental approach and facilitator of environmental conservation and consequent promotion of health.

FINAL CONSIDERATIONS

The analysis allows identifying the fragility of the environmental approach in the analyzed programs, being necessary to improve the cross-sectionality of environmental issues.

Mock panels as an active teaching methodology in the education of nursing doctors

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the experience of doctorate students in the use of mock panels as an active methodology of teaching in Nursing post-graduation. Method: Experience report on the use of mock panels in the discipline Advanced Methods for Researches in Health and Nursing II, offered in the doctorate course of the Nursing Post-graduate Program from the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Results: The mock panels contributed for the doctorate of nurses and enabled students to take on the role of protagonists in the teaching-learning process, through the use of critical thought and student autonomy. Conclusions: This experience made it possible to implement an active teaching-learning methodology in Nursing post-graduation, since this strategy was opposite to the traditional education model.

Grounded Theory methodological aspects in Brazilian nursing thesis

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the application of methodological aspects of Grounded Theory in Brazilian nursing thesis. Methods: qualitative, descriptive study elaborated based on theses available in the CAPES Thesis and Dissertations Catalog, located with the search for the terms “Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados” OR “Grounded Theory”, from 2013 to 2017. The data obtained were analyzed, considering the Grounded Theory methodological assumptions. Results: observance of Grounded Theory basic concepts and articulation with several theoretical frameworks in the conduct of the investigations are strengthening aspects of the method. However, dissent in the description of the operationalization of the stages and naming of the elaborated construct weaken the methodological quality. Final considerations: the methodological consistency provided by Grounded Theory has the potential to demonstrate the studies’ rigor and reliability conducted and theories generated. It is necessary to deepen theoretical-conceptual studies to elucidate discrepancies in the applicability in nursing research.

Integrative reviews in Brazilian nursing postgraduation programs: a bibliometric study

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the Brazilian scientific integrative review production in postgraduation nursing programs. Methods: bibliometric design, carried out in the database of dissertations and theses of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel, in October 2018. Results: 35 dissertations and 1 thesis were found. Most studies were carried out at the University of São Paulo; the main methodological reference was Mendes, Silveira and Galvão (2008); for data collection, it was Ursi (2005). The most used database was CINAHL, followed by LILACS and PubMed. The period of publication varied from 5 to 30 years; and the sample, from 6 to 299 texts. Some studies did not mention keywords, data collection period, exclusion criteria or publishing period. Conclusions: despite the growing popularity of integrative review studies, they are undervalued in the stricto sensu postgraduation program in nursing and there are shortcomings in the implementation of the method, related to the absence of important elements.

Seguimento de doutores egressos de um programa de pós-graduação em enfermagem

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever o perfil dos doutores egressos do Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem da Escola Paulista de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, sua atuação profissional e a opinião sobre o impacto produzido pelo curso. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, realizado com 135 egressos dos 224 doutores titulados no período de 1986 a julho de 2016, os quais foram agrupados em três coortes temporais. Resultados: Houve aumento expressivo na titulação dos doutores ao longo das três décadas, cujos egressos são advindos de todas regiões do país, especialmente do Sudeste; apenas três são de outros países. A média de idade ao ingressarem foi de 39,8 anos e a de permanência no programa 46,2 meses. A maioria encontrase inserido no mercado de trabalho, atuando no ensino (92%), na pesquisa (82,9%) e gestão (52,6%). Houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as três décadas nas seguintes variáveis: condição de trabalho atual (p=0,01); atuação no ensino em instituição privada (p=0,02); atuação na assistência (p=0,03); atuação na gestão no ensino como coordenador de programa de pós-graduação (p=0,04) e como diretor de escola (p<0,01); gestão na pesquisa como líder de grupo (p=0,03); gestão na assistência como diretor de hospital (p=0,01) e publicação de livros (p=0,01) e capítulos (p<0,01). A maioria afirmou que o doutorado produziu impacto na formação acadêmica (94%), no crescimento profissional (94%), pessoal (91%) e aumento na oportunidade de trabalho (73%). Conclusão: A maior parte dos egressos encontra-se trabalhando em instituições federais, sua atuação no ensino majoritariamente em nível de graduação e pós-graduação latu sensu. A maioria encontra-se desenvolvendo pesquisas com alunos de graduação e pós-graduação sensu latu e stricto sensu. Parcela dos egressos desenvolve atividades assistenciais, de gestão no ensino, na pesquisa e na assistência. Os atributos: “crescimento profissional” e “formação acadêmica” seguida de: “crescimento pessoal” foram os maiores impactos referidos pelos egressos.

Characterization of didactic and pedagogical training in Brazilian stricto sensu Postgraduate Programs in Nursing

OBJECTIVE

To characterize the didactic and pedagogical training offered in Brazilian stricto sensu Postgraduate Programs in Nursing.

METHOD

Descriptive, documentary research, based on data from 30 postgraduate programs that offer an academic master's degree and a PhD degree. We collected the course projects and teaching plans of the disciplines related to didactic and pedagogical training, accessed through the Sucupira Platform or the institutional website. The variables were analyzed by descriptive statistics, through calculations of relative and absolute frequency.

RESULTS

Regarding the lines of research of the programs, it was evidenced that 17.4% (n=20) were related to didactic and pedagogical training, 9.4% (n=3) followed this approach and, regarding compulsory didactic and pedagogical disciplines, it was observed that they were expressed differently in the curricula of masters and PhD courses, since part of the masters courses (56.6%, n=17) and of the PhD courses (76.6%, n=23) did not have this requirement.

CONCLUSION

There should be a Brazilian guideline to promote the didactic and pedagogical training of university professors.

Scientific production of the International Classification for Nursing Practice: a bibliometric study

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the scientific production of the International Classification for Nursing Practice throughout dissertations and theses published by nurses in Brazil from 1996 to 2016. Method: A bibliometric, descriptive, quantitative documentary study, carried out from October/2015 to July/2016 on the sites of the Center of Studies and Research in Nursing (CEPEn), at the thesis and dissertation banks of the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel and of the Plataforma Sucupira (Sucupira Platform). Results: There were 108 productions, 30 theses and 78 dissertations. In 2014, there was the largest number of publications (19). The Graduate Program in Nursing of the Universidade Federal da Paraíba had the highest number of productions (23). Regarding the theme, the use in clinical practice was highlighted (69), followed by the elaboration of terminology subsets (17). Conclusion: The Brazilian scientific production setting on ICNP® is expressive, evidencing this system as a tool that allows the provision of systematic care.

TEORIA FUNDAMENTADA NOS DADOS EM TESES E DISSERTAÇÕES DA ENFERMAGEM BRASILEIRA

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar como os pesquisadores utilizaram o método da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados nas teses e dissertações da enfermagem brasileira. Método: trata-se de estudo documental com abordagem quantitativa. Como fonte de coleta de dados, foram utilizados os relatórios depositados no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações do Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas em Enfermagem da Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem, entre 2001 e 2015, com posterior resgate da versão completa no repositório da instituição de ensino superior de origem das teses e dissertações. A coleta ocorreu a partir de extração dos dados em planilhas que foram submetidos à analise descritiva. Resultados: elegeram-se 70 teses e dissertações (0,95%) do total de 7.369 estudos. A maioria (70%) descreveu como foram construídos os grupos amostrais. Somente 4,3% não registrou ter realizado a coleta e analise dos dados de forma concomitante. Dos estudos que descreveram todas as etapas, 34,3% não apresentaram o processo de validação do modelo teórico. Os diagramas e os memorandos foram utilizados, respectivamente, em 74,3% e 65,7% das teses e dissertações analisadas. O referencial teórico mais frequente foi o Interacionismo Simbólico e a perspectiva metodológica foi a Straussiana. Evidenciou-se que para os pesquisadores, a entrevista foi a principal técnica de coleta utiliza de forma isolada e combinada com outras abordagens. Conclusão: a diversidade na apresentação e na descrição do método e resultados dos estudos revela que ainda há necessidade de aprimoramento quanto ao uso do método, considerando as diferentes vertentes da teoria fundamentada nos dados.

MÉTODOS MISTOS NA PESQUISA EM ENFERMAGEM: POSSIBILIDADES DE APLICAÇÃO À LUZ DE CRESWELL

RESUMO Objetivo: explanar sobre os desenhos/estratégias de pesquisa em métodos mistos propostos por Creswell, e refletir sobre a aplicabilidade das abordagens mistas de investigação científica na enfermagem. Método: ensaio-teórico reflexivo embasado essencialmente ao referencial de Creswell como condutor às reflexões sobre pesquisa mista. A reflexão foi organizada em um eixo condutor que relaciona os construtos teóricos básicos dos métodos mistos e sua aplicabilidade na área da enfermagem. Resultados: com a explanação das seis estratégias de pesquisa mista orientadas pelo autor, entre elas três no desenho sequencial e três no concomitante, foram tecidas reflexões sobre a aplicabilidade de cada uma das estratégias para a pesquisa científica na enfermagem, além de exemplificações práticas de investigações mistas ao uso da escassa literatura nacional e internacional disponível na área. Conclusão: os métodos mistos parecem emergir como o terceiro e novo paradigma da investigação científica e, uma vez reconhecida a complexidade dos fenômenos passíveis a serem pesquisados pela enfermagem, a pesquisa mista tende a favorecer interpretações mais aprofundadas sobre os seus objetos de estudo. Hánecessidade de franca dedicação dos pesquisadores da área no delineamento do projeto de pesquisa mista, e o referencial de Creswell parece ser profícuo à sua apreensão.

ESTRATÉGIAS DIDÁTICAS NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM DE GESTÃO EM ENFERMAGEM

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as estratégias didáticas utilizadas no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de gestão em enfermagem. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura na base de dados Literatura Latino-Americano e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e Scientific Electronic Library Online, utilizando-se os seguintes descritores e palavras-chave: ensino, enfermagem, gestão, administração, gerenciamento, educação em enfermagem, organização e administração, educação a distância e gestão em saúde. A amostra foi composta por 23 publicações. Resultados: as estratégias didáticas utilizadas no ensino de gestão em enfermagem estão relacionadas, principalmente, ao método de trabalho independente e método de trabalho em grupo. Destacaram-se as estratégias que possibilitam a articulação entre teoria e prática, tais como: planejamento estratégico situacional, metodologia da problematização com o método do Arco de Maguerez, seminários, oficinas e exposições dialogadas interativas. Conclusão: o ensino de gestão em enfermagem está acompanhando as mudanças pedagógicas da educação superior na área da saúde.

INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DA ENFERMAGEM BRASILEIRA: DOUTORADO SANDUÍCHE NA REGIÃO DA CATALUNHA - ESPANHA

RESUMO Objetivo: relatar a experiência vivenciada no exterior por estudante de doutorado e apresentar as atividades com suas produções científicas. Método: relato de experiência de um estudante de doutorado em enfermagem brasileiro que realizou oito meses de atividades de doutorado sanduíche no exterior. Resultados: idealização do doutorado sanduíche no exterior e efetivação deste; socialização científica e internacionalização do conhecimento; e internacionalização dos programas de pós-graduação brasileiros. Conclusão: os ganhos nesta experiência abarcam o aprimoramento profissional, teórico-científico, e a obtenção de valores sociais e culturais. O contato com outras pessoas e instituições de ensino permitem o desenvolvimento de diferentes habilidades didáticas, pedagógicas e interpessoais. O intercâmbio possibilita o fortalecimento e o reconhecimento das instituições brasileiras de ensino, encoraja outros alunos a conhecer realidades distintas e assim fortalece a internacionalização das pesquisas em enfermagem.

The patient and the relation between power-knowledge and care by nursing professionals

Abstract This is a study whose objective was to analyze, in the discourse of hospitalized patients, how the power of knowledge is revealed in Nursing care relations. It was developed in the qualitative perspective, having as theoretical reference the concept of power issued by Michel Foucault. The data were collected between August and December 2015 and the participants were 16 patients hospitalized in the medical and surgical clinics of a university hospital, who had the speech recorded through a semi-structured interview, after approval of the ethics committee under Opinion No. 1189934. In order to analyze the data we used the system of differentiations developed by Foucault. The results showed that the professionals exert power by the highly specialized professional knowledge and that they know what they do, so they send and control the accomplishment of the care, leading the patient to submission. It concludes that the exercise of the power to care must be based on the observance of ethical and bioethical principles.

Nursing Doctorates in Brazil: research formation and theses production

OBJECTIVE:

to analyze the formation of nursing doctorates in Brazil, from theses production, disciplines and other strategies focusing on research offered by courses.

METHOD:

a descriptive and analytical study of the performance of 18 doctoral courses in nursing, running from 1982 to 2010, and defended their theses between 2010-2012.

RESULTS:

502 theses were defended in this period, most linked to the online research process of health and nursing care. There are gaps in the knowledge of theoretical and philosophical foundations of care, nursing history and ethics. There are also weaknesses in the methodological design of the theses, with a predominance of descriptive and/or exploratory studies. This was consistent with international standards set with regards to the proposition of research of disciplines and complementary strategies in forming the doctorate.

CONCLUSION:

despite the efforts and advances in research formation, it is essential to expand to more robust research designs with a greater impact on production knowledge that is incorporated into practice.

Guide of attributes of the nurse's political competence: a methodological study

Objective

To build and validate a guide of attributes of the nurse's political competence.

Method

Methodological research. This study comprised the construction of the instrument through literature review; experts validation of pre-established attributes for composing the guide; and clinical validation in the nurses work environment/reality. The data collection took place in the months from August to October 2014, and the analysis was based on the content analysis of Bardin and use of Epi info 3.5. All ethical precepts have been complied with.

Results

From 29 attributes found in the literature, 25 have been validated by experts. Clinical/practical validation involved the participation of 43 nurses, who observed that the attributes are not articulated with the professional practices developed by them.

Conclusion

The attributes of the nurse's political competence were identified with support of literature. It is concluded that the professionals still have limited and fragmented perception of political competence, expressing difficulty/limitation.

Methodological approach for the development of terminology subsets ICNP®: an integrative review

Objective To analyze the methodological aspects used for the preparation of terminology subsets of the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®), in dissertations and theses in the Brazilian nursing. Method This is an integrative review of the Brazilian dissertations and theses defended in the period from 2007 to 2013, which were included seven dissertations. Results The increasing production of studies on the theme by Brazilian nurses shows a concern for a unified language for the profession. However, the results demonstrate the lack of uniformity in the conduct of studies, especially in relation to the stages of content validation. The initiatives of some authors to systematize alternative methods for creating these subsets also stood out. Conclusion We suggest the development of new terminology subsets, following standards of methodological rigor, as well as its application and validation by the selected clientele, to ensure greater reliability of results and desired changes for the profession.