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Cavaretto L, Motta-Castro ARC, Teles SA, Souza FQ, Cardoso WM, de Rezende GR, Tanaka TSO, Bandeira LM, Cesar GA, Puga MAM, Nepomuceno BB, Lago BV, Fernandes-Fitts SM. Epidemiological and molecular analysis of hepatitis B virus infection in manicurists in Central Brazil. J Med Virol 2017; 90:277-281. [PMID: 28885693 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the serological and molecular prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in 514 manicurists/pedicurists and identify the risk factors related with this infection. Samples were tested for HBV serological markers, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Anti-HBc-positive samples were tested to investigate occult hepatitis B by PCR. HBsAg-positive samples were genotyped and the viral loads of HBV-DNA positive samples were quantified. The overall HBV prevalence was 5.6% (29/514) and of HBsAg was 0.4% (2/514). One case of occult hepatitis B was found. The genotypes A1 and F2 were identified in two HBsAg-positive samples. Low level of education, not being born in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul and working in the central region of the city were associated with the HBV infection. No single manicurist/pedicurist was infected by HCV or HIV. These findings suggest that despite the exposure to blood contact, this occupation was not associated to an increased risk of acquiring HBV, HCV, and HIV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Cavaretto
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana R C Motta-Castro
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Q Souza
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Wesley M Cardoso
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Tayana S O Tanaka
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larissa M Bandeira
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriela A Cesar
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marco A M Puga
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Bruna B Nepomuceno
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Bárbara V Lago
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos-Biomanguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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de Campos Albuquerque I, Sousa MT, Santos MDC, Nunes JDC, Moraes MJD, Gomes-Gouvêa MS, Pinho JRR, Carrilho FJ, Fonseca LMB, de Sousa Paiva Ferreira A. Mutation in the S gene a determinant of the hepatitis B virus associated with concomitant HBsAg and anti-HBs in a population in Northeastern Brazil. J Med Virol 2016; 89:458-462. [PMID: 27486854 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the a determinant of S gene may develop co-existence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) in the serum of infected hepatitis B virus (HBV) individuals. Mutations in this region may change the antigenicity of HBsAg, which in turn, lead to escape of neutralizing action of anti-HBs antibodies. This study identified individuals with concomitant HBsAg and anti-HBs serological markers in individuals of Maranhão, Northeastern Brazil. Samples from a population-based study were evaluated for HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc, and those that tested positive for simultaneous HBsAg and anti-HBs were submitted to HBV DNA quantification and S gene characterization by Sanger sequencing. Mutations were investigated in the a determinant located in major hydrophilic region (MHR) of the S gene. Among 3,984 samples analyzed, 92 (2.3%) were positive for HBsAg and three had the atypical HBsAg and anti-HBs-positive profile (3.26%). The frequency of HBsAg and anti-HBs co-existence was similar to previous studies. Only one individual harbored mutation in the S gene a determinant associated with this profile. Little is known about this phenomenon; however, studies as ours may contribute for future enlightenment of this important issue. J. Med. Virol. 89:458-462, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marinilde Teles Sousa
- Graduate Program of Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Max Diego Cruz Santos
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Josélia Diniz Moraes
- Maranhão Clinical Research Center, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | | | - Flair José Carrilho
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mello FMMAD, Kuniyoshi ASO, Lopes AF, Gomes-Gouvêa MS, Bertolini DA. Hepatitis B virus genotypes and mutations in the basal core promoter and pre-core/core in chronically infected patients in southern Brazil: a cross-sectional study of HBV genotypes and mutations in chronic carriers. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2015; 47:701-8. [PMID: 25626648 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0158-2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In Brazil, little data exist regarding the distribution of genotypes in relation to basal core promoter (BCP) and precore/core mutations among chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers from different regions of the country. The aim of this study was to identify HBV genotypes and the frequency of mutations at the BCP and precore/core region among the prevalent genotypes in chronic carriers from southern Brazil. METHODS Nested-polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR) products amplified from the S-polymerase gene, BCP and precore/core region from 54 samples were sequenced and analyzed. RESULTS Phylogenetic analysis of the S-polymerase gene sequences showed that 66.7% (36/54) of the patients were infected with genotype D (D1, D2, D3), 25.9% (14/54) with genotype A (A1, A2), 5.6% (3/54) with subgenotype C2, and 2% (1/54) with genotype E. A comparison of virological characteristics showed significant differences between genotypes A, C and D. The comparison between HBeAg status and the G1896A stop codon mutation in patients with genotype D revealed a relationship between HBV G1896A precore mutants and genotype D and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion. Genotype D had a higher prevalence of the G1896A mutation and the presence of a thymine at position 1858. Genotype A was associated with a higher prevalence of the G1862T mutation and the presence of a cytosine at position 1858. CONCLUSIONS HBV genotype D (D3) is predominant in HBV chronic carriers from southern Brazil. The presence of mutations in the BCP and precore/core region was correlated with the HBV genotype and HBeAg negative status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - André Fanhani Lopes
- Laboratório de Virologia Clínica, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR
| | - Michele Soares Gomes-Gouvêa
- Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Tropical do Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dennis Armando Bertolini
- Laboratório de Virologia Clínica, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR
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Freimanis GL, Owusu-Ofori S, Allain JP. Hepatitis B virus infection does not significantly influence Plasmodium parasite density in asymptomatic infections in Ghanaian transfusion recipients. PLoS One 2012. [PMID: 23185500 PMCID: PMC3503819 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Areas endemic for malaria and Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection largely overlap geographically. A recent study has suggested the existence of an interaction between the two pathogens in symptomatic co-infected individuals on the South-American continent. We examined this issue in a hyperendemic area for both pathogens in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODOLOGY AND FINDINGS Pre-transfusion samples from a retrospective cohort of 154 blood transfusion recipients were screened for both serological and molecular markers of HBV and Plasmodium genomes using species-specific nested PCR and quantitative real-time PCR. Thirty-seven individuals met exclusion criteria and were subsequently eliminated from further analysis. Of 117 participants, 90% of recipients exhibited evidence of exposure to HBV, 42% with HBsAg and/or HBV DNA and 48% anti-HBc reactive without detectable HBV DNA. Plasmodium genome prevalence by NAT was 50%. Parasitemic individuals were significantly younger than non-parasitemic individuals (P = 0.04). Parasitemia level was not significantly lower in individuals with HBV DNA positive infections compared to those with HBV DNA negative exposures. HBV DNA load was not significantly different in parasitemic and non-parasitemic individuals. CONCLUSION The data presented suggests that, in sub-Saharan Africa, asymptomatic co-infections with these two ubiquitous pathogens do not appear to significantly affect each other and evolve independently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham Lee Freimanis
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Allain
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Reis LM, Soares MA, França PH, Soares EA, Bonvicino CR. Clonal analysis of hepatitis B viruses among blood donors from Joinville, Brazil: Evidence of dual infections, intragenotype recombination and markers of risk for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Med Virol 2011; 83:2103-12. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.22246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Santos AO, Alvarado-Mora MV, Botelho L, Vieira DS, Pinho JRR, Carrilho FJ, Honda ER, Salcedo JM. Characterization of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in patients from Rondônia, Brazil. Virol J 2010; 7:315. [PMID: 21073730 PMCID: PMC2994811 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-7-315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be classified into nine genotypes (A-I) defined by sequence divergence of more than 8% based on the complete genome. This study aims to identify the genotypic distribution of HBV in 40 HBsAg-positive patients from Rondônia, Brazil. A fragment of 1306 bp partially comprising surface and polymerase overlapping genes was amplified by PCR. Amplified DNA was purified and sequenced. Amplified DNA was purified and sequenced on an ABI PRISM® 377 Automatic Sequencer (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). The obtained sequences were aligned with reference sequences obtained from the GenBank using Clustal X software and then edited with Se-Al software. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted by the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach using BEAST v.1.5.3. RESULTS The subgenotypes distribution was A1 (37.1%), D3 (22.8%), F2a (20.0%), D4 (17.1%) and D2 (2.8%). CONCLUSIONS These results for the first HBV genotypic characterization in Rondônia state are consistent with other studies in Brazil, showing the presence of several HBV genotypes that reflects the mixed origin of the population, involving descendants from Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alcione O Santos
- Research Center for Tropical Medicine--CEPEM/Tropical Pathology Research Institute-IPEPATRO. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
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