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Patnaik N, Dey RJ. Label-Free Citrate-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles-Based, Highly Sensitive, Cost-Effective, and Rapid Visual Method for the Differential Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:426-435. [PMID: 38112513 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis poses a global health challenge, and it demands improved diagnostics and therapies. Distinguishing between Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) and Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) infections holds critical "One Health" significance due to the zoonotic nature of these infections and inherent resistance of M. bovis to pyrazinamide, a key part of the directly observed treatment, short-course (DOTS) regimen. Furthermore, most of the currently used molecular detection methods fail to distinguish between the two species. To address this, our study presents an innovative molecular-biosensing strategy. We developed a label-free citrate-stabilized silver nanoparticle aggregation assay that offers sensitive, cost-effective, and swift detection. For molecular detection, genomic markers unique to M. tb and M. bovis were targeted using species-specific primers. In addition to amplifying species-specific regions, these primers also aid the detection of characteristic deletions in each of the mycobacterial species. Post polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we compared two highly sensitive visual detection methods with respect to the traditional agarose gel electrophoresis. The paramagnetic bead-based bridging flocculation assay successfully discriminates M. tb from M. bovis with a sensitivity of ∼40 bacilli. The second strategy exploits citrate-stabilized silver nanoparticles, which aggregate in the absence of amplified dsDNA on the addition of sodium chloride (NaCl). This technique enables the precise, sensitive, and differential detection of as few as ∼4 bacilli. Our study hence advances tuberculosis detection, overcoming the challenges of M. tb and M. bovis differentiation and offering a quicker alternative to time-consuming methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Patnaik
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana State 500078, India
| | - Ruchi Jain Dey
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana State 500078, India
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Wei Z, Zhang X, Wei C, Yao L, Li Y, Zhang X, Xu H, Jia Y, Guo R, Wu Y, Yang K, Gao X. Diagnostic accuracy of in-house real-time PCR assay for Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:701. [PMID: 31395014 PMCID: PMC6686366 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4273-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, studies on the diagnostic accuracy of in-house real-time PCR (hRT-PCR) assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) have been reported with unignorable discrepancies. To assess the overall accuracy of the hRT-PCR assay for Mtb diagnosis in different samples for individuals with active pulmonary and extra-pulmonary Mtb infection, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. METHODS The PUBMED, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched up to June 2017 for eligible studies that estimated diagnostic sensitivity and specificity with the hRT-PCR assay in respiratory and non-respiratory samples in pulmonary and extra-pulmonary Mtb infection patients, with Mtb culture as the reference standard. Bivariate random effect models were used to provide pooled estimation of diagnostic accuracy. Further, subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to explore sources of heterogeneity. The risk of bias was assessed by the QUADAS-2 tool. RESULTS Of the 3589 candidate studies, 18 eligible studies met our inclusion criteria. Compared to Mtb culture data, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.96 and 0.92, respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 192.96 (95% CI 68.46, 543.90), and the area under the summary ROC curve (AUC) was 0.9791. There was significant heterogeneity in sensitivity and specificity among the enrolled studies (p < 0.001). The studies with high-quality assessment and application of respiratory specimen were associated with better accuracy. CONCLUSIONS In low-income/high-burden settings, our results suggested that the hRT-PCR assay could be a useful test for the diagnosis of TB with high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhong Wei
- Blood Transfusion Department, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Blood Transfusion Department, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Chaojun Wei
- The Institute of Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204, Donggang street, Chengguan district, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Liang Yao
- The Institute of Clinical Study and Evidence-Based Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Evidence-Based Medicine Center and Key Laboratory of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, College of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang street, Chengguan district, Lanzhou, 73000, Gansu, China
| | - Yonghong Li
- The Institute of Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204, Donggang street, Chengguan district, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Blood Transfusion Department, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Hui Xu
- The Institute of Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204, Donggang street, Chengguan district, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yanjuan Jia
- The Institute of Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204, Donggang street, Chengguan district, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Rui Guo
- The Institute of Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204, Donggang street, Chengguan district, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yu Wu
- The Institute of Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204, Donggang street, Chengguan district, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Kehu Yang
- The Institute of Clinical Study and Evidence-Based Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China. .,Evidence-Based Medicine Center and Key Laboratory of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, College of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang street, Chengguan district, Lanzhou, 73000, Gansu, China.
| | - Xiaoling Gao
- The Institute of Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204, Donggang street, Chengguan district, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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Wu K, Huang J, Li N, Xu T, Cai W, Ye Z. Antitumor effect of ginsenoside Rg3 on gallbladder cancer by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:5687-5696. [PMID: 30344724 PMCID: PMC6176246 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the importance of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in apoptotic processes. In the present study, the traditional herbal medicine ginsenoside Rg3 was used to treat gallbladder cancer in vitro and in vivo. The underlying signaling mechanisms were investigated using various molecular biology techniques, including flow cytometry, western blot analysis, ELISA and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). It was indicated that Rg3 exerted pro-apoptotic activity against the gallbladder cancer cell line GBC-SD through the ER stress-mediated signaling pathway. This was demonstrated by increased expression of phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation-initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein and lipocalin 2. In addition, eIF2α and ATF4 knockdown attenuated the pro-apoptotic effect of Rg3 by inhibiting reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, the results of RT-qPCR analysis indicated that long intergenic non-protein coding RNA-p21 was significantly upregulated following Rg3 treatment. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that Rg3 inhibited tumor growth in a GBC-SD gallbladder cancer xenograft, by upregulating the ER stress-mediated signaling pathway. Therefore, ER stress activation is suggested to mediate the antitumor effect of Rg3 in gallbladder cancer activity in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Wenyu Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
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Babafemi EO, Cherian BP, Banting L, Mills GA, Ngianga K. Effectiveness of real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pathological samples: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev 2017; 6:215. [PMID: 29070061 PMCID: PMC5657121 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-017-0608-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid and accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is key to manage the disease and to control and prevent its transmission. Many established diagnostic methods suffer from low sensitivity or delay of timely results and are inadequate for rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in pulmonary and extra-pulmonary clinical samples. This study examined whether a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, with a turn-a-round time of 2 h, would prove effective for routine detection of MTB by clinical microbiology laboratories. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed for publications in any language on the detection of MTB in pathological samples by RT-PCR assay. The following sources were used MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, BIOSIS Citation Index, Web of Science, SCOPUS, ISI Web of Knowledge and Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialised Register, grey literature, World Health Organization and Centres for Disease Control and Prevention websites. Forty-six studies met set inclusion criteria. Generated pooled summary estimates (95% CIs) were calculated for overall accuracy and bivariate meta-regression model was used for meta-analysis. RESULTS Summary estimates for pulmonary TB (31 studies) were as follows: sensitivity 0.82 (95% CI 0.81-0.83), specificity 0.99 (95% CI 0.99-0.99), positive likelihood ratio 43.00 (28.23-64.81), negative likelihood ratio 0.16 (0.12-0.20), diagnostic odds ratio 324.26 (95% CI 189.08-556.09) and area under curve 0.99. Summary estimates for extra-pulmonary TB (25 studies) were as follows: sensitivity 0.70 (95% CI 0.67-0.72), specificity 0.99 (95% CI 0.99-0.99), positive likelihood ratio 29.82 (17.86-49.78), negative likelihood ratio 0.33 (0.26-0.42), diagnostic odds ratio 125.20 (95% CI 65.75-238.36) and area under curve 0.96. CONCLUSIONS RT-PCR assay demonstrated a high degree of sensitivity for pulmonary TB and good sensitivity for extra-pulmonary TB. It indicated a high degree of specificity for ruling in TB infection from sampling regimes. This was acceptable, but may better as a rule out add-on diagnostic test. RT-PCR assays demonstrate both a high degree of sensitivity in pulmonary samples and rapidity of detection of TB which is an important factor in achieving effective global control and for patient management in terms of initiating early and appropriate anti-tubercular therapy. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42015027534 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel O. Babafemi
- Microbiology Department, Pathology Division, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Lee Banting
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Graham A. Mills
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Kandala Ngianga
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
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Yang J, Han X, Liu A, Bai X, Xu C, Bao F, Feng S, Tao L, Ma M, Peng Y. Use of Digital Droplet PCR to Detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA in Whole Blood-Derived DNA Samples from Patients with Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:369. [PMID: 28848722 PMCID: PMC5554497 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease that has been threatening public health for many centuries. The clinical diagnostic procedure for TB is time-consuming and laborious. In the last 20 years, real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (real-time PCR) has become a better alternative for TB diagnosis in clinics due to its sensitivity and specificity. Recently, digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) has been developed, and it might be an ideal alternative to conventional real-time PCR for microorganism detection. In this study, we aimed to assess the capacity of ddPCR and real-time PCR for detecting low levels of circulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) DNA. The study involved testing whole blood samples for an MTB DNA target (known as IS6110). Blood samples were obtained from 28 patients with pulmonary TB, 28 patients with extrapulmonary TB, and 28 healthy individuals. The results show that ddPCR could be used to measure low levels of MTB DNA, and it has the potential to be used to diagnose pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB based on clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaru Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious DiseasesKunming, China.,Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease ControlKunming, China.,Institute for Tropical Medicine, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China.,Yunnan Province Base for International Scientific and Technological Cooperation in Tropical DiseasesKunming, China
| | - Xinlin Han
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious DiseasesKunming, China.,Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease ControlKunming, China.,Institute for Tropical Medicine, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China.,Yunnan Province Base for International Scientific and Technological Cooperation in Tropical DiseasesKunming, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China
| | - Aihua Liu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious DiseasesKunming, China.,Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease ControlKunming, China.,Institute for Tropical Medicine, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China.,Yunnan Province Base for International Scientific and Technological Cooperation in Tropical DiseasesKunming, China
| | - Xiyuan Bai
- Departments of Medicine and Academic Affairs, National Jewish HealthDenver, CO, United States
| | - Cuiping Xu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious DiseasesKunming, China.,Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease ControlKunming, China.,Institute for Tropical Medicine, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China.,Yunnan Province Base for International Scientific and Technological Cooperation in Tropical DiseasesKunming, China
| | - Fukai Bao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious DiseasesKunming, China.,Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease ControlKunming, China.,Institute for Tropical Medicine, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China.,Yunnan Province Base for International Scientific and Technological Cooperation in Tropical DiseasesKunming, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China
| | - Shi Feng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China
| | - Lvyan Tao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious DiseasesKunming, China.,Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease ControlKunming, China.,Institute for Tropical Medicine, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China.,Yunnan Province Base for International Scientific and Technological Cooperation in Tropical DiseasesKunming, China
| | - Mingbiao Ma
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious DiseasesKunming, China.,Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease ControlKunming, China.,Institute for Tropical Medicine, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China.,Yunnan Province Base for International Scientific and Technological Cooperation in Tropical DiseasesKunming, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China
| | - Yun Peng
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Tropical Infectious DiseasesKunming, China.,Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease ControlKunming, China.,Institute for Tropical Medicine, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China.,Yunnan Province Base for International Scientific and Technological Cooperation in Tropical DiseasesKunming, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China
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6
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Lyra JMAD, Maruza M, Verza M, Carneiro MM, Albuquerque MDFMD, Rossetti ML, Ximenes R, Braga MC, Lucena-Silva N. Evaluation of four molecular methods for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in pulmonary and blood samples from immunocompromised patients. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2014; 109:805-13. [PMID: 25317709 PMCID: PMC4238774 DOI: 10.1590/0074-0276130542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study analysed the concordance among four different molecular diagnostic
methods for tuberculosis (TB) in pulmonary and blood samples from immunocompromised
patients. A total of 165 blood and 194 sputum samples were collected from 181 human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with upper respiratory complaints,
regardless of suspicious for TB. The samples were submitted for smear microscopy,
culture and molecular tests: a laboratory-developed conventional polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and the Gen-Probe and Detect-TB
Ampligenix kits. The samples were handled blindly by all the technicians involved,
from sample processing to results analysis. For sputum, the sensitivity and
specificity were 100% and 96.7% for qPCR, 81.8% and 94.5% for Gen-Probe and 100% and
66.3% for Detect-TB, respectively. qPCR presented the best concordance with sputum
culture [kappa (k) = 0.864)], followed by Gen-Probe (k = 0.682). For blood samples,
qPCR showed 100% sensitivity and 92.3% specificity, with a substantial correlation
with sputum culture (k = 0.754) and with the qPCR results obtained from sputum of the
corresponding patient (k = 0.630). Conventional PCR demonstrated the worst results
for sputa and blood, with a sensitivity of 100% vs. 88.9% and a specificity of 46.3%
vs. 32%, respectively. Commercial or laboratory-developed molecular assays can
overcome the difficulties in the diagnosis of TB in paucibacillary patients using
conventional methods available in most laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magda Maruza
- Hospital Correia Picanço, Secretaria do Estado de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Mirela Verza
- Fundação Estadual de Produção e Pesquisa em Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo Ximenes
- Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Maria Cynthia Braga
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães-Fiocruz, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Norma Lucena-Silva
- Departamento de Imunologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães-Fiocruz, Recife, PE, Brasil
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