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Rodrigues BL, Galati EAB. New sand fly (Diptera, Psychodidae) records and COI DNA barcodes in the state of Maranhão, Eastern Amazon, Brazil. Acta Trop 2024; 250:107095. [PMID: 38097151 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
The sand fly fauna and the usefulness of the DNA barcoding fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene were accessed in a forest fragment in the municipality of Governador Newton Bello, state of Maranhão, Brazil. We performed entomological collections in three independent campaigns in May and October 2021, and January 2023. Sand flies were morphologically-identified and then DNA barcoded. Sequences were deposited and analyzed in the BOLD System Database, and various species delimitation algorithms, to assess whether DNA sequences merge into taxonomic units in accordance with nominal species. In total, 1,524 sand flies were collected, comprising 32 nominal species. Nyssomyia antunesi was the most abundant species (31.5 %), followed by Psychodopygus davisi (27 %). We reported for the first time in the state of Maranhão, the presence of Lutzomyia evangelistai, Lutzomyia sherlocki, Pressatia equatorialis, and Psathyromyia barrettoi. We amplified and analyzed 67 COI barcodes of 23 species, which were merged with conspecific sequences extracted from GenBank. The maximum intraspecific p distances ranged from 0.0 % to 14.74 %, while the distances to the nearest neighbor varied from 1.67 % to 13.64 %. The phylogenetic gene tree and species delimitation tools clustered sequences into well-supported clades/clusters for each nominal species, except for Pressatia choti/Pr. equatorialis, which have the lowest interspecific genetic distance (1.67 %). We sequenced for the first time COI barcodes of Brumptomyia brumpti, Evandromyia monstruosa, Micropygomyia rorotaensis, Micropygomyia pilosa, Pintomyia christenseni, Pintomyia pacae, Pr. equatorialis, Pa. barrettoi, and Psathyromyia hermanlenti, which will be useful for further molecular identification and classification proposals of Neotropical species. This study updated the current list of the sand fly fauna for the state of Maranhão to 97, and demonstrated that COI barcodes are useful for specific identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Leite Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo (FSP/USP), Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brazil,.
| | - Eunice Aparecida Bianchi Galati
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo (FSP/USP), Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brazil
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Manteca-Acosta M, Cavia R, Utgés ME, Salomón OD, Santini MS. Peridomestic natural breeding sites of Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes and Coutinho) in an endemic area of tegumentary leishmaniasis in northeastern Argentina. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009676. [PMID: 34411102 PMCID: PMC8376073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The scarce information about breeding sites of phlebotomines limits our understanding of the epidemiology of tegumentary leishmaniasis. Identifying the breeding sites and seasons of immature stages of these vectors is essential to propose prevention and control strategies different from those targeting the adult stage. Here we identified the rural breeding environments of immature stages of Ny. whitmani, vector species of Leishmania braziliensis in the north of Misiones province, Argentina; then we determined and compared the environmental and structural characteristics of those sites. We also identified the season of greatest emergence and its relationship with adult abundance. During a first collection period, between 28 and 48 emergence traps were set continuously for 16 months in six environments of the farm peridomicile and domicile: below house, chicken shed, experimental chicken shed, forest edge, pigsty and under fruit tree. Traps were checked and rotated every 40 nights. A total of 146 newly emerged individuals were collected (93.8% of them were Ny. whitmani), totaling an effort of 23,040 emergence trap-nights. The most productive environments were chicken shed and below house, and the greatest emergence was recorded in spring and summer. During a second collection period, emergence traps and light traps for adult capture were placed in the chicken shed and below house environments of eight farms. Emergence traps were active continuously during spring, summer, and early autumn. Environmental and structural characteristics of each environment were recorded. A total of 84 newly emerged phlebotomines (92.9% Ny. whitmani; 72,144 emergence trap-nights) and 13,993 adult phlebotomines (147 light trap-nights) were recorded in the chicken shed and below house environments. A positive correlation was also observed between trap success of newly emerged phlebotomines and of adults after 120 days. A high spatial variability was observed in the emergence of Ny. whitmani, with the number of newly emerged individuals being highest in soils of chicken sheds with the highest number of chickens and closest to forest edge. Moreover, below house was found to be as important as chicken sheds as breeding sites of Ny. whitmani. Management of the number of chickens in sheds, soil moisture and pH, and the decision of where to localize the chicken sheds in relation to the houses and the forest edge, might contribute to reduce the risk of human vector exposure and transmission of Leishmania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Manteca-Acosta
- Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-epidemias, ANLIS-Malbrán, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Comité Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Regino Cavia
- Comité Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires e Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Utgés
- Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-epidemias, ANLIS-Malbrán, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar Daniel Salomón
- Comité Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, ANLIS-Malbrán, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Misiones, Argentina
| | - María Soledad Santini
- Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-epidemias, ANLIS-Malbrán, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Comité Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Fernández MS, Manteca-Acosta M, Cueto GR, Cavia R, Salomón OD. Variation of the Phlebotominae (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) Assemblage in Response to Land Use Changes in an Endemic Area of Leishmania Transmission in Northeast Argentina. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:1735-1747. [PMID: 32463079 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniases are a global health problem and in Argentina are considered emerging diseases. The new transmission scenarios of tegumentary leishmaniasis are especially important given that large areas of forest are being transformed into rural and urban systems. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of the construction of a large public building and a neighborhood on the assemblage of Phlebotominae in a rural area with forest remnants and to correlate the changes observed in the species assemblage with characteristics of the environment. Entomological surveys with light traps were conducted on the construction campus in the northeastern region of Argentina at six sites representing different environmental situations. Structural environmental characteristics and meteorological conditions were recorded and analyzed. At least 16 species of Phlebotominae sand flies were collected, the most prevalent being Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho), followed by the genus Brumptomyia (França & Parrot) and Migonemyia migonei (França). Our study provides evidence of how the structure of the assemblages and prevalent species respond to anthropogenic disturbances. As the construction progressed, both Ny. whitmani and the genus Brumptomyia were favored. The genus Brumptomyia was favored at sites surrounded by high proportions of forest, within patches of remnant vegetation, and relatively far from anthropogenic disturbances, while Ny. whitmani, the main vector of tegumentary leishmaniasis in the region, increases their abundant at short and intermediate distances from vegetation margins and areas close to anthropogenic disturbances, therefore increasing the risk of human exposure to vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- María S Fernández
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires e Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UBA-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Manteca-Acosta
- Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS), Ministerio de Salud, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gerardo R Cueto
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires e Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UBA-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Regino Cavia
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires e Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UBA-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar D Salomón
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS), Ministerio de Salud, y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Puerto Iguazú , Argentina
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Pereira-Filho AA, Fonteles RS, Bandeira MDCA, Moraes JLP, Rebêlo JMM, Melo MN. Molecular Identification of Leishmania spp. in Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in the Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, Brazil. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 55:989-994. [PMID: 29471500 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjy014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sand flies are very common in the region of Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, an important tourist attraction in Brazil. However, the role of some species and their relative importance locally in Leishmania Ross 1903 transmission is unclear. The objective of this study was to identify Leishmania infection in phlebotomine sand flies collected around the Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, an important conservation area and popular international/national tourist destination with a high incidence of leishmaniasis. Sand flies were collected in peridomiciliary areas on the tourist route from September 2012 to August 2013. The captured females were subjected to molecular analyses for the detection of Leishmania DNA. Sand flies were infected with four Leishmania species: Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (Vianna, 1911) was found in Lutzomyia whitmani (Antunes and Coutinho, 1939) (2.1%) and Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz and Neiva, 1912) (1.7%); Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum (Nicole, 1908) infected Lutzomyia wellcomei (Fraiha, Shaw, and Lainson, 1971) (20%), Lutzomyia sordellii (Shannon and Del Ponte, 1927) (4.3%), Lu. longipalpis (3.7%), and Lu. whitmani (0.8%); Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis (Lainson & Shaw, 1972) was found in Lu. whitmani (0.58%), while Leishmania (Viannia) lainsoni infected Lutzomyia evandroi (Costa Lima and Antunes, 1936) (3.4%), Lu. longipalpis (1.06%), and Lu. whitmani (0.29%). The occurrence of these parasites requires control measures to reduce the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis and to contain a possible epidemic of visceral leishmaniasis, the most severe form of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adalberto Alves Pereira-Filho
- Programa de Pós- Graduação em Parasitologia, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Raquel Silva Fonteles
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Vetores, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brasil
| | | | - Jorge Luiz Pinto Moraes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brasil
| | - José Manuel Macário Rebêlo
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Vetores, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brasil
| | - Maria Norma Melo
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
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Araujo ARD, Portela NC, Feitosa APS, Silva OAD, Ximenes RAA, Alves LC, Brayner FA. RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH AMERICAN CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS IN AN ENDEMIC AREA OF BRAZIL. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2016; 58:86. [PMID: 27982352 PMCID: PMC5147716 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201658086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazil is among the top five countries worldwide regarding the number of cases of
leishmaniasis, which are present in all of the regions of the country. The
northeastern region continues to have higher numbers of cases every year and in the
state of Pernambuco, 34% of the municipalities are endemic for this
disease. The diversity of vectors, reservoirs and etiological agents, in association
with socioeconomic and environmental conditions, gives rise to factors that can
modify the behavior of American cutaneous leishmaniasis. Consequently, the aim of the
present study was to determine the risk factors associated with American cutaneous
leishmaniasis in the municipality of Timbaúba, Brazil. A
case-control study was conducted. A validated questionnaire was used for data
collection. The study included 58 cases and 174 controls, and they were serologically
diagnosed at the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ). Our results
showed that some factors were associated with American cutaneous leishmaniasis:
biological (gender), economic (work activity, hours spent away from home and water
supply) and peridomestic (presence of animals). In our study, the associations of
these variables with leishmaniasis were linked to precarious housing conditions and
poverty, which are parameters that can be managed in order to prevent the disease in
this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberon Ribeiro de Araujo
- Aggeu Magalhães Research Center - FIOCRUZ/PE. Recife, PE, Brazil. E-mails: ; ; ; ; ; .,Health Sciences Center, Graduate Program in Tropical Medicine, HC - Bl. A, HC/UFPE. Recife, PE, Brazil. E-mails: ; ; ;
| | | | - Ana Paula Sampaio Feitosa
- Aggeu Magalhães Research Center - FIOCRUZ/PE. Recife, PE, Brazil. E-mails: ; ; ; ; ; .,Health Sciences Center, Graduate Program in Tropical Medicine, HC - Bl. A, HC/UFPE. Recife, PE, Brazil. E-mails: ; ; ;
| | | | | | - Luiz Carlos Alves
- Aggeu Magalhães Research Center - FIOCRUZ/PE. Recife, PE, Brazil. E-mails: ; ; ; ; ;
| | - Fábio André Brayner
- Aggeu Magalhães Research Center - FIOCRUZ/PE. Recife, PE, Brazil. E-mails: ; ; ; ; ; .,Health Sciences Center, Graduate Program in Tropical Medicine, HC - Bl. A, HC/UFPE. Recife, PE, Brazil. E-mails: ; ; ;
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Fonteles RS, Pereira Filho AA, Moraes JLP, Kuppinger O, Rebêlo JMM. Experimental Infection of Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) With Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and Leishmania (L.) amazonensis, Etiological Agents of American Tugumentary Leishmaniasis. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 53:206-209. [PMID: 26487245 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjv143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Leishmania (L.) amazonensis (Lainson & Shaw, 1972) and Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (Vianna, 1911) are the principal causative agents of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) in Brazil. L. amazonensis also causes diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL) vectored principally by Lutzomyia flaviscutellata and secondarily by Lutzomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho, 1939). The latter is the most common phlebotomine in the state of Maranhão, and it is the focal species for potential ATL transmission. For this reason, we tested the ability of L. whitmani to become infected with Lutzomyia parasites. Phlebotomines were derived from a colony maintained in the laboratorial conditions. The first generation, uninfected females were offered a bloodmeal with mice infected with the strains of both parasites. We found that L. whitmani can become infected with both parasite species, with infection rates of 65.2% (L. braziliensis) and 47.4% (L. amazonensis). We conclude that in Maranhão, L. whitmani is likely an important vector in the transmission of ATL and may function as a vector of DCL. This possibility should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel S Fonteles
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Vetores, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Departamento de Patologia, Praça Madre Deus, 2, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil 65025-510, (; ; ; ; ) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Avenida dos Portugueses, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil 65080-805, and
| | - Adalberto A Pereira Filho
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Vetores, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Departamento de Patologia, Praça Madre Deus, 2, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil 65025-510, (; ; ; ; )
| | - Jorge L P Moraes
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Vetores, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Departamento de Patologia, Praça Madre Deus, 2, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil 65025-510, (; ; ; ; ) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Avenida dos Portugueses, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil 65080-805, and
| | - Oliver Kuppinger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Avenida dos Portugueses, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil 65080-805, and
| | - José M M Rebêlo
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Vetores, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Departamento de Patologia, Praça Madre Deus, 2, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil 65025-510, (; ; ; ; ) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Avenida dos Portugueses, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil 65080-805, and
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Pereira Filho AA, Bandeira MDCA, Fonteles RS, Moraes JLP, Lopes CRG, Melo MN, Rebêlo JMM. An ecological study of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in the vicinity of Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, Maranhão, Brazil. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:442. [PMID: 26315017 PMCID: PMC4552461 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-1045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, located in Maranhão, Brazil, is a region of exceptional beauty and a popular tourist destination. The adjoining area has suffered from the impact of human activity and, consequently, has experienced outbreaks of leishmaniasis. This study aimed to evaluate the composition, abundance, species richness and seasonal distribution of sand flies in the region and to determine the constancy of the insect population. Methods The survey was conducted at three sites located in the municipalities of Barreirinhas and Santo Amaro between September 2012 and August 2013. Sampling was performed monthly using automatic light traps installed 1.5 m above the soil adjacent to 13 randomly selected rural dwellings. At each site, one trap was placed in the peridomicile near to animal enclosures and another (extradomicile) at 500 m from the peridomicile. Results A total of 4,474 individual sand flies were collected over the year with the highest abundance recorded during the rainy season (December to June). Nine species were collected: L. whitmani, L. longipalpis, L. lenti, L. sordellii, L. evandroi, L. flaviscutellata, L. wellcomei, L. termitophila and L. intermedia. Although peridomiciliary and extradomiciliary environments presented similar species richness, the Shannon diversity index was significantly lower in the former (H’ = 2.4) compared with the latter (H’ = 4.98). Lutzomyia whitmani and L. longipalpis were the most abundant species and were classified as constant (constancy index, CI = 100 %) along with L. lenti (CI = 58.3), L. evandroi (CI = 58.3) and L. sordellii (CI = 66.7). The remaining four species presented CI values between 25 and 50 % and were considered accessory. Conclusions The present results confirm the present of L. whitmani and L. longipalpis in the peridomicile of houses in Lençóis National Park. The abundance of these species could explain, respectively, the endemicity of cutaneous leishmaniasis and sporadic cases of visceral leishmaniasis in the study area. However, in the case of cutaneous leishmaniasis, the presence of other sand fly vectors (in addition to L. whitmani) cannot be neglected. Finally, this study emphasizes the need for a more effective and permanent supervision to control the expansion of these vectors and leishmaniasis outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adalberto Alves Pereira Filho
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Maria da Conceição Abreu Bandeira
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 65080-805, São Luís, MA, Brazil.
| | - Raquel Silva Fonteles
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 65080-805, São Luís, MA, Brazil.
| | - Jorge Luiz Pinto Moraes
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 65080-805, São Luís, MA, Brazil.
| | - Camila Ragonezi Gomes Lopes
- Departamento de Cartografia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Maria Norma Melo
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - José Manuel Macário Rebêlo
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 65080-805, São Luís, MA, Brazil.
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Nascimento MDDSB, Silva MH, Viana GMDC, Leonardo FS, Bezerra GFDB, Silva ASGE, Soares VCP, Pereira SRF, Rebêlo JMM, Brazil RP. Spatial dynamics of urban populations of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Caxias, State of Maranhão, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2013; 46:555-9. [PMID: 24270246 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0150-2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this paper, we report the ecology of Lutzomyia longipalpis in Caxias City, located in the eastern part of State of Maranhão, Brazil and highlight its seasonal and geographical distribution by environment. In addition, we discuss natural Leishmania infection and its relationship with visceral leishmaniasis. METHODS Between September 2007 and August 2009, the collection of sandflies was performed using Center for Disease Control (CDC) light traps from 15 houses in 5 selected neighborhoods. RESULTS Lutzomyia longipalpis was present in all zones of the city. We also found that Lu. longipalpis was regularly detected both inside and around the house, predominantly in outdoor areas. In urban areas, Lu. longipalpis was present in both the dry and rainy seasons, with a higher density present in the latter. One female specimen of Lu. longipalpis was observed to have natural Leishmania infection. CONCLUSIONS The presence of Lu. longipalpis was observed throughout the year during 2 seasonal periods, with a predominance in the rainy season. A low rate of natural Leishmania infection was observed in urban areas during the rainy season.
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Nascimento BWL, Saraiva L, Neto RGT, Meira PCLSE, Sanguinette CDC, Tonelli GB, Botelho HA, Belo VS, Silva ESD, Gontijo CMF, Filho JDA. Study of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis areas in the central-western state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Acta Trop 2013. [PMID: 23178219 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The transmission of Leishmania involves several species of sand flies that are closely associated with various parasites and reservoirs, with differing transmission cycles in Brazil. A study on the phlebotomine species composition has been conducted in the municipality of Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil, an endemic area for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), which has intense occurrence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) cases. In order to study the sand flies populations and their seasonality, CDC light traps (HP model) were distributed in 15 houses which presented at least one case of CL or VL and in five urban parks (green areas). Collections were carried out three nights monthly from September 2010 to August 2011. A total of 1064 phlebotomine specimens were collected belonging to two genera and seventeen species: Brumptomyia brumpti, Lutzomyia bacula, Lutzomyia cortelezzii, Lutzomyia lenti, Lutzomyia sallesi, Lutzomyia longipalpis, Lutzomyia migonei, Lutzomyia intermedia, Lutzomyia neivai, Lutzomyia whitmani, Lutzomyia christenseni, Lutzomyia monticola, Lutzomyia pessoai, Lutzomyia aragaoi, Lutzomyia brasiliensis, Lutzomyia lutziana, and Lutzomyia sordellii. L. longipalpis, the main vector of Leishmania infantum in Brazil, was the most frequent species, accounting for 76.9% of the total, followed by L. lenti with 8.3%, this species is not a proven vector. Green and urban areas had different sand flies species composition, whereas the high abundance of L. longipalpis in urban areas and the presence of various vector species in both green and urban areas were also observed. Our data point out to the requirement of control measures against phlebotomine sand flies in the municipality of Divinópolis and adoption of strategies aiming entomological surveillance.
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Machado TO, Bragança MAL, Carvalho ML, Andrade Filho JD. Species diversity of sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) during different seasons and in different environments in the district of Taquaruçú, state of Tocantins, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2012; 107:955-9. [PMID: 23147157 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762012000700021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phlebotomine sandflies are the vectors for the protozoan parasites that cause leishmaniasis. The present study investigated the species composition of sandfly fauna in the rural district of Taquaruçú, municipality of Palmas, state of Tocantins, Brazil and compared the diversity of species among intradomicile, peridomicile and forest environments during the dry and rainy seasons. Sandflies were collected using CDC light traps over the course of three months during the dry and rainy seasons. A total of 767 specimens were captured, belonging to different 32 species. The most abundant species were Micropygomyia goiana (Martins, Falcão & Silva), Sciopemyia sordellii (Shannon & Del Ponte), Evandromyia carmelinoi (Ryan Fraiha, Lainson & Shaw), Evandromyia termitophila (Martins, Falcão & Silva), Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho) and Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva). The highest species diversity (30) and the greatest percentage of specimens (78.3%) were obtained during the rainy season. During the dry season, the species richness and abundance were greater in domestic environments. However, during the rainy season, the forest displayed the highest species richness and the domestic environment exhibited the greatest species abundance. Several important vector species are reported in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tâmara Oliveira Machado
- Setor de Controle Vetorial, Gerência de Vigilância em Saúde, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Palmas, TO, Brasil
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11
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Microspatial distributional patterns of vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. J Trop Med 2012; 2012:642910. [PMID: 22315619 PMCID: PMC3270472 DOI: 10.1155/2012/642910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial distribution and population trends through time of Lutzomyia species in a long-term focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in an Atlantic Forest area, northeastern Brazil. Sand fly populations of different ecological niches were monitored spatiotemporally in 2009. To summarize vegetation characteristics and phenology, we calculated the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index from Landsat images. Using niche modeling approaches, we assessed suites of environmental factors to identify areas of transmission risk. Although 12 species were detected, L. whitmani was the most abundant and broadly distributed across the area, particularly in peridomiciliary locations, and associated negatively with denser vegetation areas. On the other hand, L. complexa, L. sordelli, and L. tupynambai were found almost exclusively in forested areas (P < 0.05), and associated positively with denser vegetation. Lutzomyia species' occurrences are related to specific environmental combinations (with contrast among species) in the region.
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12
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Martins FC, Moraes JLP, Figueiredo N, Rebêlo JMM. Estrutura da comunidade de Phlebotominae (Diptera, Psychodidae) em mata ciliar do município de Urbano Santos, Maranhão, Brasil. IHERINGIA. SERIE ZOOLOGIA 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s0073-47212011000100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A diversidade, abundância relativa e a distribuição de Phlebotominae foram estudadas em três setores (bordas e centro) de um fragmento de mata ciliar no município de Urbano Santos, Maranhão, Brasil. Os espécimes foram capturados em junho e novembro/2003 e em janeiro e março/2004 das 18 às 6 horas. Em cada noite de coleta foram instaladas 18 armadilhas, seis em cada setor da mata, totalizando um esforço de 864 horas. Foram encontradas 17 espécies. O centro do fragmento obteve a maior riqueza de espécies (14), seguido da borda B (13) e da borda A (12). As espécies Lutzomyia infraspinosa (Mangabeira, 1941), L. flaviscutellata (Mangabeira, 1942) e L. evandroi (Costa Lima & Antunes, 1936) foram as únicas que apareceram como dominantes nos três setores da mata. Quatorze espécies ocorreram em ambas estações, sendo que L. fluviatilis (Floch & Abonnenc, 1944) foi encontrada apenas na estação chuvosa (janeiro e março) e L. migonei (França, 1920) e L. pinottii (Damasceno & Arouck, 1956) apenas na estação seca (junho e novembro). As diferenças registradas na abundância de indivíduos entre as estações não foram estatisticamente significativas. A presença frequente de L. flaviscutellata pode explicar um caso de leishmaniose cutânea difusa em uma paciente deste município.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - José M. M Rebêlo
- Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Brasil
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13
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Gil LHS, Araújo MDS, Villalobos JM, Camargo LMA, Ozaki LS, Fontes CJF, Ribolla PEM, Katsuragawa TH, Cruz RM, Silva ADAE, Silva LHPD. Species structure of sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) fauna in the Brazilian western Amazon. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2010; 104:955-9. [PMID: 20027459 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762009000700002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2009] [Accepted: 10/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We surveyed areas of the state of Rondônia in western Amazon for phlebotomine, which are potential vectors of leishmaniasis. A total of 5,998 specimens were captured, resulting in the identification of 48 species within the Lutzomyia (99.98%) and Brumptomyia (0.02%) genera. The predominant species was Lutzomyia davisi, followed by Lutzomyia umbratilis, Lutzomyia llanosmartinsi, Lutzomyia c. carrerai, Lutzomyia dendrophyla, Lutzomyia nevesi and Lutzomyia whitmani. All sand flies identified as vectors for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil, i.e., Lu. davisi, Lu. umbratilis, Lu. c. carrerai and Lu. whitmani, were found in the surveyed areas.
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14
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Galati EAB, Fonseca MB, Marassá AM, Bueno EFM. Dispersal and survival of Nyssomyia intermedia and Nyssomyia neivai (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in a cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic area of the speleological province of the Ribeira Valley, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2009; 104:1148-58. [DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762009000800012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2009] [Accepted: 10/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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15
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Dorval MEC, Cristaldo G, Rocha HCD, Alves TP, Alves MA, Oshiro ET, Oliveira AGD, Brazil RP, Galati EAB, Cunha RVD. Phlebotomine fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) of an American cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic area in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2009; 104:695-702. [DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762009000500005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2008] [Accepted: 04/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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16
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Salomón OD, Acardi SA, Liotta DJ, Fernández MS, Lestani E, López D, Mastrángelo AV, Figueroa M, Fattore G. Epidemiological aspects of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Iguazú falls area of Argentina. Acta Trop 2009; 109:5-11. [PMID: 18983809 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2008] [Revised: 07/29/2008] [Accepted: 08/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the last three decades the incidence of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) has increased sharply in Argentina and throughout the world. In the Iguazú Falls area, on the border between Brazil and Paraguay, the incidence of human ACL has risen since 2004. Most of the 36 cases of human ACL reported until 2005 have involved males over 15 years old (75%) infected during deforestation to establish individual farms. Captures carried out in primary forest, periurban areas, and deforested land sites yielded 18,438 sand flies belonging to 13 species; the most prevalent species were Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani (87.4%) and Lutzomyia (Mygonemyia.) migonei (7.6%). Cluster analysis was used to group traps according to species and abundance of sand flies. The group of traps located in recently deforested places, in pig and chicken dwellings of houses where ACL cases had been reported in the past, and at one house with an active ACL case, had the highest abundance of Lu. whitmani and Lu. whitmani+Lu. migonei as well as the highest ratio of Lu. whitmani/Lu. migonei. Leishmania sp. infections, both in Lu. whitmani, in Lu. quinquefer, and in smears from human cases were detected by DNA kinetoplast amplification using a generic PCR protocol. The risk of ACL outbreak in the Iguazú Falls area is still associated with economic and leisure activities in primary-secondary forest, including deforestation, rural settlements, fishing, hunting, and ecotourism. In addition, the risk of periurban transmission seems likely, and this is discussed within the framework of surveillance and prevention strategies.
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17
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Missawa NA, Maciel GBML, Rodrigues H. Distribuição geográfica de Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho, 1939) no Estado de Mato Grosso. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2008; 41:369-73. [DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822008000400009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2007] [Accepted: 07/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
No Estado de Mato Grosso, 100% dos municípios apresentam registros de casos autóctones de leishmaniose tegumentar americana. O presente trabalho objetivou verificar a distribuição geográfica de Lutzomyia whitmani no estado. Mato Grosso possui três ecossistemas distintos, o cerrado, o pantanal e área de domínio amazônico. Os dados sobre a ocorrência de Lutzomyia whitmani foram obtidos a partir de relatórios de pesquisa entomológica realizados pelo Núcleo de Entomologia da Fundação Nacional de Saúde no período de 1996 a 2000 e de 2001 a 2006 pelo Laboratório de Entomologia da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Mato Grosso. Foram realizadas pesquisas entomológicas em 83 (59,7%) dos 139 municípios de Mato Grosso. Lutzomyia whitmani foi capturado em 70 (84,3%) municípios, com ampla distribuição em todos os tipos de vegetação.
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18
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Salomón OD, Quintana MG, Zaidenberg M. Urban distribution of Phlebotominae in a cutaneous leishmaniasis focus, Argentina. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2008; 103:282-7. [DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762008005000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2008] [Accepted: 04/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar D Salomón
- Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias, Argentina
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Salomón OD, Sosa-Estani S, Ramos K, Orellano PW, Sanguesa G, Fernández G, Sinagra A, Rapasciolli G. Tegumentary leishmaniasis outbreak in Bella Vista City, Corrientes, Argentina during 2003. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2007; 101:767-74. [PMID: 17160285 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762006000700010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2006] [Accepted: 09/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bella Vista City, Corrientes, Argentina, reported an epidemic outbreak of tegumentary leishmaniasis during 2003. The mean age of the 31 cases was 25.0 +/- 13.7 years old, with a sex ratio male:female 1.8, and without mucosal involvement. They clustered in two contiguous neighbourhoods, 96% in the periurban border and 4% in the peripheral outskirts. The transmission peak was estimated to have occurred during April 2003. Four species (3608 sand flies) were captured in nine sites: Lutzomyia neivai (90.1%), Lu. pessoai (8.9%), Lu. migonei (0.8 %), and Brumptomyia avellari (0.2 %). The outskirts/rural capture ratio of Lu. neivai was up to 3, and the outskirts/periurban up to 200. Therefore, the 'urban' transmission in this southernmost known focus is still an ecotone-border associated risk. The changes in human distribution or activities, patches of the secondary vegetation, periurban streams, rainfall of the previous year, and river period floods could all contribute to 'urban' outbreaks in the region. Tegumentary leishmaniasis risk should be assessed for any project that involves changes in land use throughout an endemic area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Daniel Salomón
- Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-epidemias, Av. Paseo Colón 568, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Galati EAB, Nunes VLB, Boggiani PC, Dorval MEC, Cristaldo G, Rocha HC, Oshiro ET, Damasceno-Júnior GA. Phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) in forested areas of the Serra da Bodoquena, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2006; 101:175-93. [PMID: 16830711 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762006000200010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigation was undertaken on the behaviour of the phlebotomine fauna in caves, forests, and anthropic environments of the Serra da Bodoquena, between January 1998 and January 2000. This paper reports on the phlebotomines captured in forested areas with automatic light traps (ALT), Shannon traps (ST), aspiration (AN), at natural resting sites and by human attractiveness (HA) during 24 h. The diversity and abundance of the species were investigated with ALT installed at 16 points (ground level) and 6 in the canopy. Natural infection by flagellates was investigated in females captured with ST AN, and HA. The sandfly fauna was represented by 23 species. Twenty-two of these were captured with ALT 15 of them on the western side, and 20 on the eastern. Lutzomyia longipalpis and Nyssomyia whitmani were the most abundant on the former and this species together with Lutzomyia almerioi on the latter side. On the eastern side the ecotopes located close to caves rendered a significantly greater number (P < or = 0.01) of specimens than did more distant sites. On this side Lu. almerioi contributed with 56% of the total number of specimens. Lu. almerioi females were predominantly attracted by humans (96.4%) and by ST (93.2%) and three of the 2173 dissected (0.138%) presented natural infection by flagellates. The attraction of Lu. almerioi to humans occurred during all seasons, predominantly in the summer, and in nocturnal and diurnal periods. Thus it is bothersome to inhabitants of and visitors to the Bodoquena ridge and a potential vector of flagellates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunice A B Galati
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, USP, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, 01246-904 São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
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Saraiva L, Lopes JDS, Oliveira GBM, Batista FDA, Falcão AL, Andrade Filho JD. [Study of the sand flies in American cutaneous leishmaniasis area, in the municipality of Alto Caparaó and Caparaó, Minas Gerais State]. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2006; 39:56-63. [PMID: 16501768 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822006000100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the period from November of 2000 to November of 2001, a study of sand flies was realized in the municipalities of Alto Caparaó and Caparaó with the objective of determining their seasonal variation, comparing the points of study related to the occurrence of these insects and detecting their ideal environments. Monthly collections were carried out, with Falcão light traps at nine points, four traps per point, in the following environments: of animals shelter, forest (bush), coffee plantation and the external walls of houses. Lutzomyia intermedia (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) was the predominant species, and animal shelter the environment with the largest occurrence of sand flies. A significant difference in the composition of sand fly species was found in the studied points. Lutzomyia intermedia is the species suspected of transmitting Leishmania in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Saraiva
- Colégio Técnico, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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