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Lacerda MVG, Monteiro W, Hendy A, Guerra MVDF, Guerra MDGVB. The Obituary of the Brazilian Amazon Entomologist: Nelson Ferreira Fé (★1941 †2023). Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2023; 56:e02602023. [PMID: 37493753 PMCID: PMC10367211 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0260-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Vinícius Guimarães Lacerda
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brasil
- Instituto Leônidas & Maria Deane, Fiocruz, Manaus, AM, Brasil
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Wuelton Monteiro
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brasil
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brasil
| | - Adam Hendy
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Marcus Vinitius de Farias Guerra
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brasil
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brasil
| | - Maria das Graças Vale Barbosa Guerra
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brasil
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brasil
- Fundação Hospitalar Alfredo da Matta, Manaus, AM, Brasil
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Guimarães RCS, Marialva EF, Feijó JA, Pereira-Silva JW, Martins-Campos KM, Gontijo CMF, Pereira AAS, Rios-Velasquez CM, Pessoa FAC. Trypanosomatids in Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Phlebotominae) From Anthropic and Sinantropic Landscapes in a Rural Settlement in the Brazilian Amazon. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:681-692. [PMID: 35022773 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Trypanosomatids (Kinetoplastida:Trypanosomatidae) protozoa are a diverse group of obligate parasites. The genera Trypanosoma and Leishmania are the most studied because of their medical importance. This work aims to evaluate the effects of anthropization processes on the composition of the phlebotomine sand fly fauna and the natural infection by Trypanosomatids, with emphasis on Leishmania. At all 3,186 sand flies were collected, distributed in 13 genera and 52 species, being Ny. umbratilis the most abundant species. There was no difference in the diversity between canopy and soil environments. The species abundance and richness were higher in the forest environment while species diversity and evenness were highest in the forest edge. The ITS1 region was used by PCR-RFLP to identify the fragment profiles of Leishmania species, followed by genetic sequencing. Here were analyzed 100 pools of female sand flies, being six positive for DNA parasite. PCR-RFLP fragment patterns similar to Endotrypanum sp. were observed in Nyssomyia anduzei, Psychodopygus amazonensis and Lutzomyia gomezi, and those fragments similar to Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis were observed in Bichromomyia flaviscutellata. ITS1 sequencing confirmed the presence of Leishmania sp. in Bi. flaviscutellata, and Leishmania (Viannia) naiffi in Ny. anduzei, Psychodopygus amazonensis, and Lu. gomezi. This is the first record of Lu. gomezi and Ps. amazonensis infection by L. naiffi in the State of Amazonas. These results show the trypanosomatid infection in sandflies from different landscapes in a rural settlement, and the finding of species infected with L.(V.) naiffi suggest that they can develop a role in the transmission cycle of leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C S Guimarães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Condições de Vida e Situações de Saúde na Amazônia - PPGVIDA. Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane - ILMD Fiocruz Amazônia, Rua Teresina, 476 Adrianópolis, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - E F Marialva
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazonia - EDTA Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane - ILMD Fiocruz Amazônia, Rua Teresina, 476 Adrianópolis, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - J A Feijó
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazonia - EDTA Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane - ILMD Fiocruz Amazônia, Rua Teresina, 476 Adrianópolis, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - J W Pereira-Silva
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazonia - EDTA Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane - ILMD Fiocruz Amazônia, Rua Teresina, 476 Adrianópolis, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - K M Martins-Campos
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazonia - EDTA Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane - ILMD Fiocruz Amazônia, Rua Teresina, 476 Adrianópolis, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - C M F Gontijo
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Centro de Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, CEP 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - A A S Pereira
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Centro de Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, CEP 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - C M Rios-Velasquez
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazonia - EDTA Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane - ILMD Fiocruz Amazônia, Rua Teresina, 476 Adrianópolis, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - F A C Pessoa
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazonia - EDTA Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane - ILMD Fiocruz Amazônia, Rua Teresina, 476 Adrianópolis, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
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Costa TSD, Ferreira RMDA, Santos GS, Garcia Júnior MD, Pinto CB, Souto RNP. Entomological survey of phlebotominae sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) and vector species in the tegumentary leishmaniasis endemic area in eastern brazilian Amazon, Amapá state. BIOTA NEOTROPICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract: American tegumentary leishmaniasis is an endemic that has increased considerably in recent decades in the Amazon region, sand flies are the vectors of the transmission of the protozoan that causes leishmaniasis, so the objective of this study was to carry out a survey of the diversity of species and the presence of Leishmania DNA in vectors circulating in three endemic counties for tegumentary leishmaniasis in the eastern Brazilian Amazon (Amapá state, Brazil). Using CDC light traps, a total of 10,773 specimens were collected between February 2019 and February 2020, representing 64 species in 15 genera. The vector specie Nyssomyia umbratilis Ward and Frahia, 1977 was the predominant species (13.20% of the total), being collected in all three counties, followed by Trichopygomyia trichopyga Floch & Abonnenc, 1945 (11.41%), Trichophoromyia ubiquitalis Mangabeira,1942 (9.47%) and Nyssomyia anduzei Rozeboom, 1942 (7.61%). For the identification of Leishmania DNA, 775 pools of unengorged females were used, of which 5 tested positive, 2 of Nyssomya umbratilis Ward & Fraiha,1977, 1 of Nyssomyia anduzei and 2 of Psychodopygus davisi Root,1934, demonstrating a natural total infection rate of 0.64%. This study increases the knowledge of vector diversity, as well as identifying Leishmania spp. in circulation in the eastern region of the Amazon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Silva da Costa
- Universidade Federal do Amapá, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Amapá (UNIFAP), Brasil
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Impact of El Niño on the dynamics of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in a municipality in the western Amazon. Acta Trop 2021; 222:106032. [PMID: 34245685 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases are some of the leading public health problems in the tropics, and their association with climatic anomalies is well known. The current study aimed to evaluate the trend of American cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in the municipality of Manaus, Amazonas-Brazil, and its relationship with climatic extremes (ENSO). The study was carried out using a series of secondary data from notifications on the occurrence of several American cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in the municipality of Manaus between 1990 and 2017 obtained through the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Data regarding temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation for this municipality were derived from the Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) websites. Coherence and wavelet phase analysis was conducted to measure the degree of relationship of the occurrence of the cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The results show that during La Niña events, an increase in American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) cases is anticipated after the increase in rainfall from November, resulting in a more significant number of cases in January, February, and March. It was observed that in the municipality of Manaus, the dynamics of ACL cases are directly influenced by ENSO events that affect environmental variables such as precipitation, temperature, and humidity. Therefore, climatic variations consequently change the ACL incidence dynamics, leading to subsequent increases or decreases in the incidence of ACL cases in the area.
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Resadore F, Júnior AMP, de Paulo PFM, Gil LHS, Rodrigues MMDS, Araújo MDS, Julião GR, Medeiros JF. Composition and Vertical Stratification of Phlebotomine Sand Fly Fauna and the Molecular Detection of Leishmania in Forested Areas in Rondônia State Municipalities, Western Amazon, Brazil. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2019; 19:347-357. [DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2018.2372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Resadore
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Experimental, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Antônio Marques Pereira Júnior
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Experimental, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia da Amazônia Ocidental - INCT/EpiAmo, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Herman Soares Gil
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Instituto de Pesquisas e Patologias Tropicais de Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
| | | | - Maísa da Silva Araújo
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Genimar Rebouças Julião
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia da Amazônia Ocidental - INCT/EpiAmo, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Jansen Fernandes Medeiros
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia da Amazônia Ocidental - INCT/EpiAmo, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
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Rodrigues MGDA, Sousa JDDB, Dias ÁLB, Monteiro WM, Sampaio VDS. The role of deforestation on American cutaneous leishmaniasis incidence: spatial-temporal distribution, environmental and socioeconomic factors associated in the Brazilian Amazon. Trop Med Int Health 2019; 24:348-355. [PMID: 30578585 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the temporal and spatial distribution as well as the environmental and socioeconomic factors associated with cutaneous leishmaniasis incidence in the state of Amazonas, Brazil from 2007 to 2015. METHODS Spatial and temporal distribution was evaluated from sequential thematic maps of the mean incidence rates of the disease. A negative binomial regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association of the factors studied with the mean incidence rate of ACL. RESULTS The average proportion of deforestation was negatively associated with the average incidence rate of cutaneous leishmaniasis in municipalities (β = -2.178; P = 0.019; 95%CI -3.996, -0.361), and the health system performance index (effectiveness) (β = -0.852; P = 0.008; 95%CI -1.481, -0.225). Conversely, the municipal human development index (MHDI) was a factor positively related to the average incidence among the municipalities (β = 7.728; P = 0.003; 95%CI 2.716, 12.738). CONCLUSION Our study shows the important impact of socioeconomic and environmental factors on ACL incidence in the Amazonas State.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gabriela de Almeida Rodrigues
- Sala de Análise de Situação em Saúde, Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | | | | | - Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.,Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Vanderson de Souza Sampaio
- Sala de Análise de Situação em Saúde, Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
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Chagas ECDS, Silva AS, Fé NF, Ferreira LS, Sampaio VDS, Terrazas WCM, Guerra JAO, Souza RAFD, Silveira H, Guerra MDGVB. Composition of sand fly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) and detection of Leishmania DNA (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in different ecotopes from a rural settlement in the central Amazon, Brazil. Parasit Vectors 2018. [PMID: 29534747 PMCID: PMC5848579 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-2743-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are vectors of Leishmania species, the etiological agents of leishmaniasis, which is one of the most important emerging infectious diseases in the Americas. In the state of Amazonas in Brazil, anthropogenic activities encourage the presence of these insects around rural homes. The present study aimed to describe the composition and distribution of sand fly species diversity among the ecotopes (intradomicile, peridomicile and forest) in an area of American cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission and detect natural infection with Leishmania DNA to evaluate which vectors are inside houses and whether the presence of possible vectors represents a hazard of transmission. Results Phlebotomine sand flies were collected using light traps. A total of 2469 specimens representing 54 species, predominantly females (71.2%), were collected from four sites. Polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed on 670 samples to detect Leishmania DNA. Most of the samples (79.5%) were collected in the forest, with areas closer to rural dwellings yielding a greater abundance of suspected or proven vectors and a larger number of species containing Leishmania DNA. Nyssomyia umbratilis and Bichromomyia flaviscutellata were found near rural homes, and Ny. umbratilis was also found inside homes. Leishmania DNA was detected in different species of sand flies in all ecotopes, including species with no previous record of natural infection. Conclusions There is no evidence that vectors of American cutaneous leishmaniasis are becoming established inside homes, but there are sand flies, including Ny. umbratilis and other possible vectors, in environments characterized by a human presence. These species continue to be predominant in the forest but are prevalent in areas closer to ecotopes with a greater human presence. The existence of proven or suspected vectors in this ecotope is due to the structural organization of rural settlements and may represent a hazard of transmission. Although the detection of Leishmania DNA in species that were not previously considered vectors does not mean that they are transmitting the parasite, it does show that the parasite is circulating in ecotopes where these species are found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Cristina da Silva Chagas
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical/Programa de Pos-graduação em Clima e Ambiente), Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil.,Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil.,Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - Arineia Soares Silva
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical/Programa de Pos-graduação em Clima e Ambiente), Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil.,Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - Nelson Ferreira Fé
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - Lucas Silva Ferreira
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | | | | | - Jorge Augusto Oliveira Guerra
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical/Programa de Pos-graduação em Clima e Ambiente), Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil.,Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Augusto Ferreira de Souza
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical/Programa de Pos-graduação em Clima e Ambiente), Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - Henrique Silveira
- Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical de Lisboa, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria das Graças Vale Barbosa Guerra
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical/Programa de Pos-graduação em Clima e Ambiente), Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil. .,Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil.
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8
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Rosário ING, Andrade AJD, Ligeiro R, Ishak R, Silva IM. Evaluating the Adaptation Process of Sandfly Fauna to Anthropized Environments in a Leishmaniasis Transmission Area in the Brazilian Amazon. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 54:450-459. [PMID: 28011727 PMCID: PMC5850517 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjw182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) are vectors of several etiological agents of human and animal diseases, including protozoans of the gender Leishmania. Precarious socioeconomic conditions and uncontrolled population growth directly influence the transmission risk of parasites and the urbanization of vector species, previously restricted to wild environments. The Marajó Archipelago is considered a high incidence area of leishmaniasis in the Brazilian Amazon. However, it is poorly studied. The aim of this study was to assess the adaptation processes of phlebotomine species to anthropized environments in this region. For this purpose, the phlebotomine fauna was compared between three municipalities of the Marajó Archipelago: Anajás, Portel, and São Sebastião da Boa Vista. To survey the phlebotomine fauna, CDC (Center for Disease Control) light traps were installed in the wild areas and in the intra and peridomiciliary areas of rural and urban environments. The environments studied presented a diversified phlebotomine fauna, with higher richness in the wild environment (15 species), followed by the rural (seven species), and finally, the urban environment (three species). A migration of wild fauna to the adjacent anthropized areas (rural environment) and to urban areas was observed, evidencing the adaptation process of this vector to anthropized environments in the studied region. Thus, our study evidenced that the disorganized human occupation and utilization of the landscape might cause the invasion of urban areas by wild populations of phlebotomines, in this way enabling the settlement of urban leishmaniasis transmission cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid N G Rosário
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, ICB, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil (; )
| | - Andrey J de Andrade
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Departamento de Patologia Básica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, PR, Brasil
| | - Raphael Ligeiro
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, ICB, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Ishak
- Laboratório de Virologia, ICB, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - Ivoneide M Silva
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, ICB, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil (; )
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Benício E, Cordeiro M, Monteiro H, Saboia Moura MA, Oliveira C, Nunes Gadelha EP, Chrusciak-Talhari A, Talhari C, de Lima Ferreira LC, Mira MT, Lima Machado PR, Talhari S, Schriefer A. Sustained Presence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Urban Manaus, the Largest Human Settlement in the Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015; 93:1208-13. [PMID: 26483119 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The Amazon is responsible for approximately 40% of the American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) in Brazil. Herein the sustained presence of ATL in Manaus, the largest settlement in the Amazon, was investigated. Records of notification of historic cases, and data from cases prospectively enrolled in the Tropical Medicine Foundation of the Amazonas State were used. Geographic coordinates of prospective patients' living sites were used to detect inner-city clusters of ATL. Infecting Leishmania species was determined by polymerase chain reaction. Among prospectively enrolled subjects, 94.8% were infected with Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis, 76.7% were male, 30.2% were 0-20 years old, and 69.8% had an urban residence. Historic cases showed a profile similar to that of prospectively enrolled subjects. Several clusters of ATL, widely distributed within the city of Manaus, could be detected. In conclusion, there was a high frequency of disease in young age groups and cases clustered in urban neighborhoods. It cannot be determined from these data whether transmission of these cases occurred within or outside the city of Manaus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ednelza Benício
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Mayara Cordeiro
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Hannah Monteiro
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio Saboia Moura
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Cintia Oliveira
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ellen Pricilla Nunes Gadelha
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Anette Chrusciak-Talhari
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Carolina Talhari
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos de Lima Ferreira
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Távora Mira
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Lima Machado
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Sinésio Talhari
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Albert Schriefer
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
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Pereira Júnior AM, Teles CBG, de Azevedo dos Santos AP, de Souza Rodrigues M, Marialva EF, Pessoa FAC, Medeiros JF. Ecological aspects and molecular detection of Leishmania DNA Ross (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in terra firme and várzea environments in the Middle Solimões Region, Amazonas State, Brazil. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:180. [PMID: 25889808 PMCID: PMC4378226 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0789-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are insects of medical importance due to the role that some species play in the transmission of leishmaniasis. This work aimed to study some ecological aspects among sand flies fauna inhabiting two different environments: the várzea (lowland Amazonian forest) and terra firme (upland Amazonian forest), both located in Tefé Municipality, Amazonas State, Braziland to detect Leishmania infection in those phlebotomine populations. Methods Sand flies were collected using HP light traps. Collection took place over the course of six months: January, February, April, August, September, and October of 2013. To detect natural infection by Leishmania, DNA samples were extracted from female sand flies and submitted to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) targeting the kDNA gene; Leishmania species were identified by PCR-RFLP targeting the hsp70 gene and genetic sequencing. Results In all, 5,716 individuals were collected, and 46 species were identified. Trichophoromyia ubiquitalis (3,330 – 58.26%) and Nyssomyia antunesi (661 – 11.26%) were the most abundant species. Species richness was greater in terra firme environments (42 species) than in the várzea environments (22 species), and forests ecotopes (43 species) were richer than peridomiciles (28 species). DNA of Leishmania was found in Th. ubiquitalis and Psychodopygus davisi, both of which inhabit the terra firme environment and sequencing analysis confirmed the presence of Leishmania (Viannia) lainsoni DNA in Th. ubiquitalis in Tefé Municipality. Conclusions The high abundance of Th. ubiquitalis and Ps. davisi and detection of DNA of Leishmania sp. may indicate that both species could be putative vectors for American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) in the terra firme environment of Tefé. The sand fly fauna found in várzea is rich and diverse, exhibiting several species, nevertheless the seasonal hydric stress during part of the year that could influence the local diversity, if compared with other studies. This is the first report in Amazonas State of Th. ubiquitalis with presence of L. (V.) lainsoni DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolina Bioni Garcia Teles
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis da Amazônia (EDTA) - Centro de Pesquisa Leônidas e Maria Deane - Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula de Azevedo dos Santos
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis da Amazônia (EDTA) - Centro de Pesquisa Leônidas e Maria Deane - Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | | | - Eric Fabrício Marialva
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis da Amazônia (EDTA) - Centro de Pesquisa Leônidas e Maria Deane - Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Arley Costa Pessoa
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis da Amazônia (EDTA) - Centro de Pesquisa Leônidas e Maria Deane - Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Jansen Fernandes Medeiros
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis da Amazônia (EDTA) - Centro de Pesquisa Leônidas e Maria Deane - Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Entomologia - Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil.
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Ramos WR, Medeiros JF, Julião GR, Ríos-Velásquez CM, Marialva EF, Desmouliére SJM, Luz SLB, Pessoa FAC. Anthropic effects on sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) abundance and diversity in an Amazonian rural settlement, Brazil. Acta Trop 2014; 139:44-52. [PMID: 25009952 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are responsible for the transmission of protozoan parasites that cause leishmaniases. They are found predominantly in forests, but some species exploit environments that have been subject to deforestation and subsequent human colonization. Studies conducted in Brazil over the past 30 years show that some species are adapting to peri-urban and urban settings. We evaluated sand fly diversity and abundance in the rural settlement of Rio Pardo, Presidente Figueiredo Municipality, Amazonas State, Brazil. Settlement households were divided into four categories. These categories were determined by the human population density and the degree of deforestation in the immediate area. We used CDC light traps to sample the area surrounding 24 households (6 households in each category). Samples were taken on six occasions during September-November 2009 and June-August 2010. A total of 3074 sand fly specimens were collected, including 1163 females and 1911 males. These were classified into 13 genera and 52 species. The greatest abundance of sand flies and the greatest richness of species were observed in areas where human population density was highest. Our results show that changes in the human occupancy and vegetation management in rural settlements may affect the population dynamics and distribution of sand fly species, thereby affecting the local transmission of cutaneous leishmaniases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walkyria Rodrigues Ramos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia/INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936, Petrópolis, CP 2223, Manaus, Amazonas CEP 69080-971, Brazil; Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz AMAZÔNIA, Rua Terezina, 476, Adrianópolis, Manaus, Amazonas CEP 69-057-070, Brazil
| | - Jansen Fernandes Medeiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia/INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936, Petrópolis, CP 2223, Manaus, Amazonas CEP 69080-971, Brazil; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Rondônia, Rua da Beira 7671, Porto Velho, Rondônia CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Genimar Rebouças Julião
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Rondônia, Rua da Beira 7671, Porto Velho, Rondônia CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Claudia María Ríos-Velásquez
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz AMAZÔNIA, Rua Terezina, 476, Adrianópolis, Manaus, Amazonas CEP 69-057-070, Brazil
| | - Eric Fabrício Marialva
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz AMAZÔNIA, Rua Terezina, 476, Adrianópolis, Manaus, Amazonas CEP 69-057-070, Brazil
| | - Sylvain J M Desmouliére
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz AMAZÔNIA, Rua Terezina, 476, Adrianópolis, Manaus, Amazonas CEP 69-057-070, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Luiz Bessa Luz
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz AMAZÔNIA, Rua Terezina, 476, Adrianópolis, Manaus, Amazonas CEP 69-057-070, Brazil
| | - Felipe Arley Costa Pessoa
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz AMAZÔNIA, Rua Terezina, 476, Adrianópolis, Manaus, Amazonas CEP 69-057-070, Brazil.
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Soares L, Abad-Franch F, Ferraz G. Epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in central Amazonia: a comparison of sex-biased incidence among rural settlers and field biologists. Trop Med Int Health 2014; 19:988-95. [DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Soares
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute & Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Manaus AM Brazil
- Graduate Program in Ecology; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Manaus AM Brazil
- Department of Biology; University of Missouri St Louis; St Louis, MO USA
| | | | - Gonçalo Ferraz
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute & Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Manaus AM Brazil
- Graduate Program in Ecology; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Manaus AM Brazil
- Departamento de Ecologia; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
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Legriffon CMDO, Reinhold-Castro KR, Fenelon VC, Neitzke-Abreu HC, Teodoro U. Sandfly frequency in a clean and well-organized rural environment in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2012; 45:77-82. [PMID: 22370833 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822012000100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sandflies caught in Santa Juliana Farm in Sarandi, State of Paraná, Brazil, were assessed in terms of their fauna, seasonality, and frequency in the homes and in shelters of domestic animals around the homes, as well as in the nearby forest. METHODS In Santa Juliana Farm, there are no records of cases of ACL, differing from other relatively clean and organized areas where surveys of sandflies have been conducted in Paraná. Samples were collected with Falcão light traps, fortnightly from 22:00 to 02:00 hours, from November 2007 to November 2008. RESULTS A total of 4,506 sandflies were captured, representing 13 species, predominantly Nyssomyia whitmani (71.8%). More sandflies were collected in the forest (52.6%) than outside the forest (residences and pigsty) (47.4%). However, Ny. whitmani was collected in greater numbers outside (38.3%) than inside the forest (33.5%). Most sandflies were collected in the warmer months and during periods with regular rainfall. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that cleaning and organization around the houses could reduce sandfly population in peridomicile. Constructing shelters for animal at a distance of approximately 100m from domiciles is recommended to prevent the invasion of sandflies, as this farm has an area of preserved forest, with wild animals and sandflies present to maintain the enzootic cycle of Leishmania.
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Quaresma PF, Rêgo FD, Botelho HA, da Silva SR, Moura Júnior AJ, Teixeira Neto RG, Madeira FM, Carvalho MB, Paglia AP, Melo MN, Gontijo CMFF. Wild, synanthropic and domestic hosts of Leishmania in an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2011; 105:579-85. [PMID: 21890159 DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Revised: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Domestic, synanthropic and wild hosts of Leishmania spp. parasites were studied in an area endemic for American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL), specifically in northern Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Domestic dogs and small forest mammals are reservoir hosts for L. (Leishmania) infantum. However, the role that these animals play in the transmission cycle of the Leishmania spp. that cause cutaneous leishmaniasis is not well known. This study evaluated 72 rodents, 25 marsupials and 98 domestic dogs found in two villages of the Xakriabá Indigenous Territory, an area of intense ATL transmission. A total of 23 dogs (23.47%) were shown to be positive according to at least one test; 8 dogs (8.16%) tested positive in a single serological test and 15 dogs (15.31%) tested positive by IFAT and ELISA. Eleven dogs were euthanised to allow for molecular diagnosis, of which nine (81.8%) tested positive by PCR for Leishmania in at least one tissue. Seven animals were infected only with L. (L.) infantum, whilst two displayed a mixed infection of L. (L.) infantum and L. (V.) braziliensis. Isoenzymatic characterisation identified L. (L.) infantum parasites isolated from the bone marrow of two dogs. Of the 97 small mammals captured, 24 tested positive for Leishmania by PCR. The results showed that L. (V.) braziliensis, L. (L.) infantum and L. (V.) guyanensis are circulating among wild and synanthropic mammals present in the Xakriabá Reserve, highlighting the epidemiological diversity of ATL in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia F Quaresma
- Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Sánchez-García L, Berzunza-Cruz M, Becker-Fauser I, Rebollar-Téllez EA. Sand flies naturally infected by Leishmania (L.) mexicana in the peri-urban area of Chetumal city, Quintana Roo, México. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2010; 104:406-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Revised: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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