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A new species of Caryospora Léger, 1904 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the Guanabara spotted night snake Siphlophis pulcher (Raddi) (Reptilia: Dipsadidae) in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Syst Parasitol 2017; 94:621-625. [DOI: 10.1007/s11230-017-9720-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Souza JLD, Barbosa ADS, Vazon AP, Uchôa CMA, Nunes BC, Cortez MBV, Silva VLD, Más LB, Melgarejo AR, Bastos OMP. Parasitological and immunological diagnoses from feces of captive-bred snakes at Vital Brazil Institute. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 23:123-8. [PMID: 25054488 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612014032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fecal samples from 56 snakes at the Vital Brazil Institute, in the city of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, were tested using the sedimentation and flotation techniques to investigate the evolutionary forms of parasites such as helminths and protozoa, and using enzyme immunoassay techniques to detect antigens of Cryptosporidium sp. and Giardia sp. Among the animals tested, 80.3% were positive for parasites. Out of these, there were 16 Bothrops jararaca, 16 B. jararacussu and 13 Crotalus durissus. The prevalence of parasitic nematodes was 41.1%, and nematodes were found in all three snake species. Among these, the most frequent finding was eggs of Kalicephalus sp., which were diagnosed in 25% of the snakes. The positivity for protozoa detected using parasite concentration techniques was 75%, including oocysts of Caryospora sp. in 75%, cysts with morphology similar to Giardia sp. 3.6%, amoeboid cysts in 41.1% and unsporulated coccidia oocysts in 8.9%. Immunoassays for Cryptosporidium sp. antigens produced positive findings in 60.7%. Pseudoparasites were detected in 64.3%. These results show that there is a need to improve the sanitary handling of captive-bred snakes, and also for the animal house that supplies rodents to feed them. The results also highlight that diagnostic tests should be performed periodically on stool specimens from captive-bred snakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaína Lima de Souza
- Laboratório Parasitologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense ? UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - Alynne da Silva Barbosa
- Laboratório Parasitologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense ? UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - Adriana Prado Vazon
- Laboratório Parasitologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense ? UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - Claudia Maria Antunes Uchôa
- Laboratório Parasitologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense ? UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - Beatriz Coronato Nunes
- Laboratório Parasitologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense ? UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - Myrian Bandeira Vianna Cortez
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense ? UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - Valmir Laurentino da Silva
- Laboratório de Imunodiagnóstico, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas ? DCB, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca ? ENSP, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz ? FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | | | - Otilio Machado Pereira Bastos
- Laboratório Parasitologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense ? UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
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Viana LA, Mecchi KC, do Nascimento LF, Herrera HM, Santa-Rita PH, Miglionico MTDS, Esteves RG, Gimenez ARM, Paiva F. Caryospora bigenetica (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in South America: new hosts and distribution records. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2015; 24:101-4. [PMID: 25909262 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612015002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The coccidian Caryospora bigenetica was first described in the snake Crotalus horridus (Viperidae) from United States of America. This study represents the first record of the occurrence of C. bigenetica in snakes in South America. Feces were sampled between November 2013 and May 2014 from 256 wild snakes maintained in scientific breeding facilities in the states of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS; n = 214) and Rio de Janeiro (RJ; n = 42), Brazil. Caryospora bigenetica was found in 14 (5.6%) snakes, all belonging to the family Viperidae. Ten Bothrops moojeni and two Crotalus durissus from MS were infected. The coccidian was also found in one C. durissus and in one Bothrops jararacussu from the state of RJ. The oocysts were spherical with a double wall, the exterior lightly mammillated, striations apparent in transverse view, 13.0 µm (12 - 14); polar granule fixed in the internal wall. Sporocysts oval or pyriform, 10.0 × 8.0 µm (9 - 11 × 8 - 9); Stieda body discoid; sub-Stieda body present; sporocyst residuum present, formed by a group of spheroid bodies between sporozoites. This study increases the number of viperid hosts of C. bigenetica and expands the geographical distribution to South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcio André Viana
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcos Tobias de Santana Miglionico
- Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Rhaiza Gama Esteves
- Divisão de Zoologia Médica, Instituto Vital Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | - Fernando Paiva
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
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Viana LA, Winck GR, Coelho CD, Flausino W, Duarte Rocha CF. A new species of Caryospora Léger, 1904 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the snake Philodryas olfersii Lichtenstein (Colubridae) from a coastal habitat in Brazil. Syst Parasitol 2013; 85:195-9. [PMID: 23673697 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-013-9420-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new coccidian species of the genus Caryospora Léger, 1904 (Protozoa, Apicomplexa, Eimeriidae) is reported from the colubrid snake host Philodryas olfersii Lichtenstein at a coastal area in the State of Rio de Janeiro, south-eastern Brazil. Oöcysts of Caryospora olfersii n. sp. are spherical to sub-spherical, 33.1 × 31.2 μm, with smooth, colourless, three-layered wall, c.1.4; middle layer lightly striated. Micropyle, oöcyst residuum and polar granule are all absent. Sporocysts are ovoid, 22.9 × 17.4 μm on average, with one extremity in the shape of a short neck. Stieda body present, 3.2 × 1.3 μm, sub-Stieda body present, homogeneous, larger than Stieda body, 4.5 × 1.7 μm. Sporozoites are inserted in a bulky sporocyst residuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcio A Viana
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Vertebrados, Departamento de Ecologia, Pavilhão Haroldo Lisboa da Cunha, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20550-019, Brazil.
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A new species of Caryospora Léger, 1904 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the endangered Round Island boa Casarea dussumieri (Schlegel) (Serpentes: Bolyeridae) of Round Island, Mauritius: an endangered parasite? Syst Parasitol 2011; 78:117-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s11230-010-9280-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Seville RS, Asmundsson IM, Campbell JA. Descriptions of six new species of Caryospora (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from Guatemalan snakes (Serpentes: Colubridae and Viperidae). J Parasitol 2006; 91:1452-8. [PMID: 16539030 DOI: 10.1645/ge-588r.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
One hundred and seventy snakes were collected in Guatemala and examined for coccidia. Of these, 8 individuals representing 6 host species were positive for Caryospora spp., 6 of which are described as new species. Sporulated oocysts of Caryospora bothriechis n. sp. from Bothriechis aurifer are spheroidal to subspheroidal, 12.7 x 12.5 (12-14 x 12-13) microm, with a length/width (L/W) ratio of 1.0; they lack a micropyle (M) or oocyst residuum (OR), but 1 large polar granule (PG) is usually present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 9.0-7.5 (8-10 x 7-8) microm, and have a L/W ratio of 1.2, and a Stieda body (SB) and sporocyst residuum (SR). Oocysts of Caryospora coniophanis n. sp. from Coniophanes imperialis are spheroidal to subspheroidal, 18.8 x 18.1 (17-20.5 x 16-20) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.0; they lack a M and OR, but 1 large PG is usually present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 13.2 x 9.4 (12-15 x 8-10) microm with a L/W ratio of 1.4, and a SB, substieda body (SSB), and SR. Oocysts of Caryospora conophae n. sp. from Conophis lineatus are spheroid to subspheroidal, 20.4 x 19.5 (17-26 x 17-25) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.0; they lack a M and OR, but 1 large PG is usually present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 13.1 x 9.8 (11-15 x 8-11) microm with a L/W ratio of 1.3 and a SB, SSB, and SR. Oocysts of Caryospora guatemalensis n. sp. from Lampropeltis triangulum are spheroidal to subspheroidal, 23.9 x 23.2 (20-27 x 20-26) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.0; they lack a M and OR, but 1 large PG is usually present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 14.4 x 10.6 (13-18 x 9-13) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.4 and a SB, SSB, and SR. Oocysts of Caryospora mayorum n. sp. from Conophis lineatus are spheroidal to subspheroidal, 25.6 x 24.4 (24-27 x 24-25) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.0; they lack a M and OR, but 1 large PG is usually present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 16.3 x 11.9 (16-18 x 11-13) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.4 and a SB, SSB, and SR. Oocysts of Caryospora zacapensis n. sp. from Masticophis mentovarius are spheroidal to subspheroidal, 22.5 x 21.8 (19-25 x 18-25) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.0; they lack a M and OR, but 1 large PG is usually present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 14.6 x 11.4 (11-16 x 10-13) microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.3 and a SB, SSB, and SR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Seville
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Casper College Center, Wyoming 82601, USA.
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Daszak P, Ball SJ. A description of two new species of coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from African reptiles with nomenclatural corrections for two Caryospora and one Eimeria species from snakes. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2001; 48:1-6. [PMID: 11266129 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2001.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Two new species of coccidian parasites are described from African reptiles. Oocysts of Eimeria foulshami sp. n. from the plated lizard Gerrhosaurus major bottegoi Del Prato of Sudan are ellipsoidal, 24.1 x 14.9 (23-26.5 x 14-17.8) microm with a bilayered, colourless oocyst wall and lack polar granules. The ellipsoidal sporocysts average 8.6 x 4.6 (7-10.6 x 4.4-7) microm and possess a prominent, globular, sporocyst residuum. Oocysts of Caryospora regentensis sp. n. from the Eastern green mamba Dendroaspis augusticeps Smith, 1849 [corrected] of Kenya are spherical to subspherical, 16.8 x 16.4 (16-17.6 x 15-17.2) microm with a bilayered oocyst wall and a single polar granule. The ellipsoidal sporocysts average 13.0 x 10.3 (10.2-14 x 9.2-11) microm and possess a Stieda and substieda body and a prominent globular sporocyst residuum. Oocysts of Caryospora legeri Hoare, 1933 are reported from a hissing sand snake, Psammophis sibilans sibilans L. from Nigeria, representing a new geographical record. The oocysts are slightly larger than the type, but otherwise identical. Caryospora psammophi Bray, 1960 and C. hermae Bray, 1960 from Psammophis sibilans phillipsi, oocysts of which are morphologically similar to and overlap in dimensions with C. legeri Hoare, 1933, are synonymised with the latter species. Eimeria samiae Iskander et Tadros, 1979 is emended to E. samyadeli to reflect the gender of the person the species was named after and because E. sani is preoccupied. In addition to these findings, Eimeria bohemi Modrý, Slapeta et Koudela, 2000 and oocysts of an unidentified spherical Eimieria sp. are reported from Chamaeleo dilepis dilepis Leach from Cameroon.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Daszak
- Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-2403, USA.
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Koudela B, Modrý D, Volf J, Slapeta JR. SCID mice as a tool for evaluation of heteroxenous life cycle pattern of Caryospora (Apicomplexa, Eimeriidae) species. Vet Parasitol 2000; 92:191-8. [PMID: 10962156 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4017(00)00316-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Adult severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice were inoculated with oocysts of 13 different Caryospora (Protozoa, Apicomplexa) species isolated from the faeces of 10 reptilian and three raptorial bird hosts in attempt to test heteroxenous life cycle pattern. Only three reptilian isolates originated from viperid snakes, namely from Calloselasma rhodostoma, Atheris nitschei and Vipera ursinii induced lethal dermal caryosporosis in SCID mice. Neither clinical signs nor developmental stages were observed in mice infected with further nine caryosporan isolates originated from other reptilian and raptorial bird hosts. Results of this study confirmed that SCID mice represent a useful tool for evaluation of heteroxenous life cycle pattern of caryosporan coccidia and that only the Caryospora species from viperid and crotalid snakes produce dermal caryosporosis in mice
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Affiliation(s)
- B Koudela
- Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého 1-3, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic.
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