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Cavalcanti MG, Cunha AFA, Peralta JM. The Advances in Molecular and New Point-of-Care (POC) Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis Pre- and Post-praziquantel Use: In the Pursuit of More Reliable Approaches for Low Endemic and Non-endemic Areas. Front Immunol 2019; 10:858. [PMID: 31191512 PMCID: PMC6546849 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Like soil-transmitted helminth infections, schistosomiasis is an important neglected tropical disease (NTD) related to poverty with a major impact on public health in developing countries. Diagnosis of active infection is crucial for surveillance of controlled or post-elimination schistosomiasis areas. In addition, the use of conventional diagnostic tools in non-exposed populations (such as travelers) results in misdiagnoses in the prepatent period of infection. Also, the accuracy of standard tests applied in low-endemicity areas (LEAs) decreases after several rounds of treatment. We aimed to determine whether it would be necessary to replace schistosomiasis conventional diagnostic tests such as parasitological methods in LEAs. Also, we evaluate the use of new tools in non-endemic areas. Reliable, cheap and easy-to-use diagnostic tools are needed to respond to the demands of a new era of elimination and eradication of schistosomiasis. To this end, molecular diagnosis-including nucleic acid-based assays (loop-mediated isothermal amplification, polymerase chain reaction) and circulating cathodic and anodic antigen detection tests have become promising strategies. In this review, we attempt to address the use of alternative diagnostic tests for active infection detection and drug-monitoring after specific schistosomiasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta G Cavalcanti
- Serviço de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Departmento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aline Fernandes Araujo Cunha
- Departmento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Mauro Peralta
- Departmento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Comparative Study of the Accuracy of Different Techniques for the Laboratory Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis Mansoni in Areas of Low Endemicity in Barra Mansa City, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:135689. [PMID: 26504777 PMCID: PMC4609343 DOI: 10.1155/2015/135689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis constitutes a major public health problem, with an estimated 200 million people infected worldwide. Many areas of Brazil show low endemicity of schistosomiasis, and the current standard parasitological techniques are not sufficiently sensitive to detect the low-level helminth infections common in areas of low endemicity (ALEs). This study compared the Kato-Katz (KK); Hoffman, Pons, and Janer (HH); enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay- (ELISA-) IgG and ELISA-IgM; indirect immunofluorescence technique (IFT-IgM); and qPCR techniques for schistosomiasis detection in serum and fecal samples, using the circumoval precipitin test (COPT) as reference. An epidemiological survey was conducted in a randomized sample of residents from five neighborhoods of Barra Mansa, RJ, with 610 fecal and 612 serum samples. ELISA-IgM (21.4%) showed the highest positivity and HH and KK techniques were the least sensitive (0.8%). All techniques except qPCR-serum showed high accuracy (82–95.5%), differed significantly from COPT in positivity (P < 0.05), and showed poor agreement with COPT. Medium agreement was seen with ELISA-IgG (Kappa = 0.377) and IFA (Kappa = 0.347). Parasitological techniques showed much lower positivity rates than those by other techniques. We suggest the possibility of using a combination of laboratory tools for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis in ALEs.
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Marques DPDA, Rosa FM, Maciel E, Negrão-Corrêa D, Teles HMS, Caldeira RL, Jannotti-Passos LK, Coelho PMZ. Reduced susceptibility of a Biomphalaria tenagophila population to Schistosoma mansoni after introducing the resistant Taim/RS strain of B. tenagophila into Herivelton Martins stream. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99573. [PMID: 24941324 PMCID: PMC4062407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies performed in the last 30 years demonstrated that a strain of B. tenagophila from the Taim Biological Reserve is completely resistant to Schistosoma mansoni infection. This resistance to parasite infection is a dominant characteristic during crossbreeding with susceptible B. tenagophila strains. These experiments also identified a 350 bp molecular marker that is exclusive to the Taim strain and does not occur in other geographic strains of this snail species. The Taim strain (Taim/RS) of Biomphalaria tenagophila was bred on a large scale, physically marked and introduced into a stream in which previous malacological analyses had revealed the presence of only parasite-susceptible B. tenagophila. Samples of offspring captured 4, 11 and 14 months after the introduction of the Taim strain were examined, and the susceptibility of the snails to S. mansoni infection dropped from 38.6-26.5% to 2.1% during the 14 months after the introduction of the Taim snail strain. A significant correlation was also observed between the absence of infection and the identification of the Taim molecular marker. These results demonstrate that the genetic marker from the Taim strain was successfully introduced into the wild snail population. In addition, a significant relationship exists between the marker and resistance to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florence Mara Rosa
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, São Pedro, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Deborah Negrão-Corrêa
- Laboratory of Schistosomiasis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Roberta Lima Caldeira
- Laboratory of Helminthology and Medical Malacology, Research Center René Rachou/FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Marcos Zech Coelho
- Laboratory of Schistosomiasis, Research Center René Rachou/FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Carvalho do Espírito-Santo MC, Pinto PL, Gargioni C, Alvarado-Mora MV, Pagliusi Castilho VL, Pinho JRR, de Albuquerque Luna EJ, Borges Gryschek RC. Detection of Schistosoma mansoni antibodies in a low-endemicity area using indirect immunofluorescence and circumoval precipitin test. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2014; 90:1146-52. [PMID: 24639303 PMCID: PMC4047744 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitological diagnostic methods for schistosomiasis lack sensitivity, especially in regions of low endemicity. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infections by antibody detection using the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA-IgM) and circumoval precipitin test (COPT). Serum samples of 572 individuals were randomly selected. The IFA-IgM and COPT were used to detect anti-S. mansoni antibodies. Of the patients studied, 15.9% (N = 91) were IFA-IgM positive and 5.1% (N = 29) had COPT reactions (P < 0.001 by McNemar's test). Immunodiagnostic techniques showed higher infection prevalence than had been previously estimated. This study suggests that combined use of these diagnostic tools could be useful for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis in epidemiological studies in areas of low endemicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Carvalho do Espírito-Santo
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Enteroparasites at the Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universiddae de São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Clinical Parasitology of the Central Laboratory, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Luiz Pinto
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Enteroparasites at the Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universiddae de São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Clinical Parasitology of the Central Laboratory, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cybele Gargioni
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Enteroparasites at the Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universiddae de São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Clinical Parasitology of the Central Laboratory, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Viviana Alvarado-Mora
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Enteroparasites at the Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universiddae de São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Clinical Parasitology of the Central Laboratory, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Pagliusi Castilho
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Enteroparasites at the Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universiddae de São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Clinical Parasitology of the Central Laboratory, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Ranato Rebello Pinho
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Enteroparasites at the Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universiddae de São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Clinical Parasitology of the Central Laboratory, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Expedito José de Albuquerque Luna
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Enteroparasites at the Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universiddae de São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Clinical Parasitology of the Central Laboratory, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Cesar Borges Gryschek
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Enteroparasites at the Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universiddae de São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Clinical Parasitology of the Central Laboratory, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Espírito-Santo MCC, Alvarado-Mora MV, Pinto PLS, de Brito T, Botelho-Lima L, Heath AR, Amorim MG, Dias-Neto E, Chieffi PP, Pinho JRR, Carrilho FJ, Luna EJA, Gryschek RCB. Detection of Schistosoma mansoni infection by TaqMan® Real-Time PCR in a hamster model. Exp Parasitol 2014; 143:83-9. [PMID: 24858959 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
An experimental study in hamsters was performed to evaluate the capability for detecting Schistosoma mansoni DNA in serum and fecal samples during the pre and post-egg-laying periods of infection using TaqMan® Real-Time PCR system (qPCR), was compared with the circumoval precipitin test (COPT) and the Kato-Katz technique, especially among individuals with low parasitic burden. Twenty-four hamsters were infected with cercariae. Three hamsters were sacrificed per week under anesthesia, from 7 days post infection (DPI) up to 56 DPI. A serum sample and a pool of feces were collected from each hamster. The presence of S. mansoni eggs in fecal samples was evaluated by Kato-Katz method and in the hamsters gutby histopathology. Detection of S. mansoni DNA was performed using qPCR and S. mansoni antibody using COPT. The first detection of eggs in feces by Kato-Katz method and S. mansoni DNA in feces by qPCR occurred 49 DPI. Nevertheless, S. mansoni DNA was detected in serum samples from 14 up to 56 DPI. COPT was positive at 35 DPI. The results not only confirm the reliability of S. mansoni DNA detection by qPCR, but also demonstrate that serum is a trustworthy source of DNA in the pre patent infection period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mónica Viviana Alvarado-Mora
- Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Luiz Silva Pinto
- Department of Enteroparasites of the Center of Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thales de Brito
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases and Laboratory of Medical Investigation 6, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia Botelho-Lima
- Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Galli Amorim
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Center for International Research and Education (CIPE), Hospital AC Camargo, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Dias-Neto
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Center for International Research and Education (CIPE), Hospital AC Camargo, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurociencies (LIM-27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Paulo Chieffi
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Renato Rebello Pinho
- Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flair José Carrilho
- Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ronaldo Cesar Borges Gryschek
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases and Laboratory of Medical Investigation 6, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
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