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Almeida DS, Paz LN, de Oliveira DS, Silva DN, Ristow P, Hamond C, Costa F, Portela RW, Estrela-Lima A, Pinna MH. Investigation of chronic infection by Leptospira spp. in asymptomatic sheep slaughtered in slaughterhouse. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217391. [PMID: 31120961 PMCID: PMC6532964 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the histopathological characteristics of renal lesions in chronically infected sheep and with low titers of anti-Leptospira antibodies from a slaughterhouse. In the serological analysis, 24.74% (48/194) presented seroreactivity with a titer equal to or greater than 100. Among these seroreactive sheep, titers of 100 were predominant (58.33%, 28/48), with the highest titer being 1,600 (2.08%, 1/48). Serogroup Sejroe (sv. Hardjo) was the most frequent at 35.42% (17/48). Leptospiral DNA was verified in 4.12% (8/194) of the kidney samples tested, and no urine sample was positive. All the samples corresponded to the pathogenic species L. interrogans. The eight amplicons with 202-nucleotides were identical with two mismatches (presented 100% of identity) using the PCR targeting to secY gene. Histological sections of PCR-positive kidneys were submitted to direct detection by the anti-LipL32 immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique. The Leptospira spp. antigen was evident in 62.5% (5/8) of the kidneys. Positive staining was observed in the cytoplasm of tubular cells and in the form of brownish aggregates that adhered to tubular epithelial cells and projected into the lumen. Inflammatory lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, ranging from mild to moderate, with multifocal distribution, was the predominant finding in seroreactive animals (33.33%, 16/48). The demonstration of the leptospiral antigen lining the renal tubules through IHC of naturally infected sheep confirmed by PCR characterizes renal colonization in a species with the presence of histological changes compatible with leptospirosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Santos Almeida
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics—Federal University of Bahia., Salvador,Bahia, Brazil
| | - Lucas Nogueira Paz
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics—Federal University of Bahia., Salvador,Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Danielle Nascimento Silva
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics—Federal University of Bahia., Salvador,Bahia, Brazil
| | - Paula Ristow
- Laboratory of Bacteriology and Health, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Camila Hamond
- Plataforma de Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, INIA La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - Federico Costa
- Instituto de Saude Coletiva, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandra Estrela-Lima
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics—Federal University of Bahia., Salvador,Bahia, Brazil
| | - Melissa Hanzen Pinna
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics—Federal University of Bahia., Salvador,Bahia, Brazil
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Hamond C, Silveira CS, Buroni F, Suanes A, Nieves C, Salaberry X, Aráoz V, Costa RA, Rivero R, Giannitti F, Zarantonelli L. Leptospira interrogansserogroup Pomona serovar Kennewicki infection in two sheep flocks with acute leptospirosis in Uruguay. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 66:1186-1194. [DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Hamond
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Experimental La Estanzuela Colonia Uruguay
- Unidad Mixta Pasteur + INIA (UMPI), Institut Pasteur de Montevideo Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Caroline S. Silveira
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Experimental La Estanzuela Colonia Uruguay
| | - Florencia Buroni
- División Laboratorios Veterinarios “Miguel C. Rubino”, Laboratorio Regional Noroeste Ministerio de Ganadería Agricultura y Pesca Paysandú Uruguay
| | - Alejandra Suanes
- Departamento de Bacteriología, División Laboratorios Veterinarios “Miguel C. Rubino” Sede Central, Ministerio de Ganadería Agricultura y Pesca Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Cecilia Nieves
- Unidad Mixta Pasteur + INIA (UMPI), Institut Pasteur de Montevideo Montevideo Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular & Estructural Institut Pasteur de Montevideo Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Ximena Salaberry
- Departamento de Bacteriología, División Laboratorios Veterinarios “Miguel C. Rubino” Sede Central, Ministerio de Ganadería Agricultura y Pesca Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Virginia Aráoz
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Experimental La Estanzuela Colonia Uruguay
| | - Ricardo A. Costa
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Experimental La Estanzuela Colonia Uruguay
| | - Rodolfo Rivero
- División Laboratorios Veterinarios “Miguel C. Rubino”, Laboratorio Regional Noroeste Ministerio de Ganadería Agricultura y Pesca Paysandú Uruguay
| | - Federico Giannitti
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Experimental La Estanzuela Colonia Uruguay
- Veterinary Population Medicine Department, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Minnesota Saint Paul MN
| | - Leticia Zarantonelli
- Unidad Mixta Pasteur + INIA (UMPI), Institut Pasteur de Montevideo Montevideo Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular & Estructural Institut Pasteur de Montevideo Montevideo Uruguay
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Machado AC, Oliveira JMBD, Silva Júnior JLD, Assis NAD, Brandespim DF, Mathias LA, Mota RA, Pinheiro Júnior JW. Epidemiologic analysis of Leptospira spp. infection among sheep in Pernambuco state, Brazil. ARQUIVOS DO INSTITUTO BIOLÓGICO 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1808-1657000222014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to analyze epidemiological aspects and spatial characteristics of Lesptospira spp. infection among sheep in Pernambuco state, Brazil. A total of 426 samples were collected from unvaccinated animals aged 1 year or older, and submitted to Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT). To study the risk factors, a standardized investigative survey of sheep farmers, with objective questions, was conducted to establish the general characteristics of the farm property production, reproductive management, and health plan. From 426 samples analyzed, 83 (19.5%; CI 15.9 - 23.6%) were positive; among them, the most prevalent serovar was Autumnalis (32.4%). Significant differences were observed between gender (OR = 0.38; CI 0.14 - 0.99), production system (OR = 2.03; CI 1.07 - 3.84), types of herd (OR = 2.28; CI 1.39 - 3.72), absence of rodents to the grain storage (OR = 0.55; CI 0.34 - 0.91), and restriction to surface waters (OR = 0.60; CI 0.37 - 0.99). Leptospira spp. infection is disseminated in sheep herds, and multiple factors can influence its occurrence. Health education programs and worker training in prevention and control of leptospirosis and other infectious diseases may be useful to reduce infection rates and economic losses caused by this disease.
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Higino SSDS, Azevedo SSD. Leptospirose em pequenos ruminantes: situação epidemiológica atual no Brasil. ARQUIVOS DO INSTITUTO BIOLÓGICO 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/s1808-16572014000100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A leptospirose em pequenos ruminantes é uma doença que pode causar perdas econômicas devido à ocorrência de abortamentos, natimortalidade e diminuição da produção de leite. A infecção pode se apresentar nas formas aguda, crônica e inaparente. Na forma aguda, pode ocorrer anorexia, depressão, dificuldade respiratória, febre, hemoglobinemia e hemoglobinúria. Na forma crônica, abortamentos e natimortalidade são comuns. Vários inquéritos sorológicos recentes conduzidos no Brasil apontaram frequências de soropositividade variando de 3,4 a 31,3% em caprinos, e de 0,7 a 34,6% em ovinos. Os sorovares reatores mais frequentes foram Autumnalis, Grippotyphosa, Hardjo, Icterohaemorrhagiae e Pyrogenes. O teste de soroaglutinação microscópica é o método mais empregado para o diagnóstico da infecção. O controle da leptospirose em pequenos ruminantes é baseado na identificação de fontes de infecção, controle de roedores, controle da aquisição de animais e imunização sistemática com vacinas inativadas que contenham sorovares de leptospiras regionais.
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de Carvalho SM, Mineiro ALBB, Castro V, Genovez ME, Azevedo SS, Costa FAL. Leptospirosis seroprevalence and risk factors for sheep in Maranhão state, Brazil. Trop Anim Health Prod 2013; 46:491-4. [PMID: 24326771 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-013-0505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine leptospirosis seroprevalence in sheep and their spatial distribution as well as identify risk factors associated with seropositivity in sheep from 37 herds and 11 municipalities in the Presidente Dutra microregion, Maranhão state, Brazil. We analyzed 379 blood serum samples using a Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT). The individual seroprevalence was 32%. Of the 37 herds studied, 30 (81%, 95% CI 69-94%) had at least one seropositive animal. In seven municipalities, we observed infection in 100% of the herds. The serovars recorded were Grippotyphosa (67%), Wollfi with Hardjo (9%), Bratislava (9%), Hardjo (5%), Icterohaemorrhagiae (5%), Pomona (2%), Castellonis (2%) and Copenhageni (0.8%). We concluded that the Leptospira spp. in sheep is widespread in the area of sheep farms in Maranhão state, and a risk factor is the animals' water source.
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Comparison of conventional PCR, quantitative PCR, bacteriological culture and the Warthin Starry technique to detect Leptospira spp. in kidney and liver samples from naturally infected sheep from Brazil. J Microbiol Methods 2012; 90:321-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2012.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2012] [Revised: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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