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Soares PC, Carvalho CCD, da Cunha Mergulhão FC, da Silva TGP, de Araújo Gonçalves DN, de Oliveira Filho EF, de Mendonça CL, Afonso JAB. Serum concentrations of folic acid and cobalamin and energy metabolism of ewes as a function of the energy density of the diet, peripartum period, and pregnancy toxemia. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 55:10. [PMID: 36529815 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03423-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the serum levels of folic acid, cobalamin, and indicators of energy metabolism during the peripartum period of ewes submitted to different diets and with or without pregnancy toxemia. Forty Santa Inês ewes were divided into three groups, a group of 20 animals fed only roughage-diet with low energy density (G1), a group of 10 ewes submitted to diet containing roughage and concentrate-diet with high energy density (G2), and a group of 10 ewes with diagnosis of pregnancy toxemia (PT) (G3). In the ewes of groups G1 and G2, blood samples were collected -30, -15, -7 days pre-partum, on the day of partum, and 7, 15, and 30 days postpartum; blood samples from G3 animals were collected during the veterinary clinic care. Significant variations were observed in the plasma concentration of glucose and serum folic acid, cobalamin, fructosamine, NEFA, and β-hydroxybutyrate in the groups fed diets with different energy levels, with and without PT (P < 0.05). A positive correlation of folic acid and cobalamin was observed with plasma glucose and serum NEFA concentrations, in addition to negative correlation of glucose with NEFA and β-hydroxybutyrate and positive correlation between the latter biomarkers of energy metabolism. The ewes diagnosed with PT showed higher levels of folic acid, NEFA, and β-hydroxybutyrate (P < 0.05). Ewes fed diet containing roughage and concentrate present higher serum levels of folic acid, cobalamin, and glucose, in the pre-partum period and in the lactation period. The results obtained contribute to better understanding of the application of blood concentration tests for folic acid and cobalamin in the energy metabolism and in PT in ewes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Castro Soares
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, S/N, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Cleyton Charles Dantas Carvalho
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, S/N, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Flávio Carneiro da Cunha Mergulhão
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, S/N, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Tomás Guilherme Pereira da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, S/N, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Nunes de Araújo Gonçalves
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, S/N, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Felipe de Oliveira Filho
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, S/N, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Carla Lopes de Mendonça
- Cattle Clinic, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Campus Garanhuns, Avenue Bom Pastor, Boa Vista, Garanhuns, PE, 55292-270, Brazil
| | - José Augusto Bastos Afonso
- Cattle Clinic, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Campus Garanhuns, Avenue Bom Pastor, Boa Vista, Garanhuns, PE, 55292-270, Brazil
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Endocrine-metabolic adaptations in Dorper ewes: comparison between single and twin pregnancies during gestation, parturition, and postpartum. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:307. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03306-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Samimi AS, Aghamiri SM, Nazifi S, Asadi Z. Changes in ghrelin, microminerals, antioxidants and vitamins A, E and C levels during different physiological status in high yielding Saanen goats subjected to heat stress. J Therm Biol 2021; 100:103014. [PMID: 34503772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.103014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of ghrelin, microminerals, antioxidants, and vitamins A, E and C levels during different metabolic periods in high yielding Saanen goats subjected to heat stress. Twenty clinically and paraclinically healthy, high yielding and multiparous goats with an average age of 3 ± 0.5 years and pregnant with a single fetus were included in this study. Sampling was performed at three different physiologic periods: non-pregnancy non-lactation (P1), four-month gestation (P2), and first month of lactation (P3). In this study, the ambient temperature ranged from 19 to 42 °C and relative humidity ranged from 14 to 19% during the hot months. Serum concentrations of ghrelin, glucose (Glu), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), vitamins (A, E and C) and microminerals (selenium, manganese, cobalt, iron, copper and zinc) were measured. Mean raw milk yield of the goats per day at the first month of lactation was 2.34 ± 0.2 kg. Concentration of ghrelin at P1 was significantly lower than P2 and P3 (P < 0.05). Glucose levels were significantly lower at P3 compared with P1 and P2 (P < 0.05). There were no significant correlations between ghrelin and Glu at different periods. Concentrations of selenium and manganese were significantly higher at P3 compared with P2 and were significantly higher at P2 compared with P1. Values of copper at P2 were significantly higher than P1 and P3 (P < 0.05). Zinc levels were significantly higher at P1 compared with P2 and P3 (P < 0.05). Values of antioxidants and vitamins were significantly lower at P3 compared with P2. It is concluded that high yielding Saanen goats may suffer from hormonal and metabolic disturbances, oxidative stress and micromineral deficiencies during late gestation and the first month of lactation especially when they are subjected to heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Saeed Samimi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Nazifi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Asadi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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Bayoumi YH, Behairy A, Abdallah AA, Attia NE. Peri-parturient hypocalcemia in goats: Clinical, hematobiochemical profiles and ultrasonographic measurements of postpartum uterine involution. Vet World 2021; 14:558-568. [PMID: 33935398 PMCID: PMC8076444 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.558-568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hypocalcemia in goats occurs around the time of parturition and is caused by decreasing level of calcium less than 10 mg/dL. This investigation characterized the hematological and biochemical profiles of peri-parturient hypocalcemia in goats and study the effects of hypocalcemia on uterine involution during the postpartum period on day 0 and then weekly postpartum (day +7, +14, +21, +28, +35, till +42). Materials and Methods: Forty-five polyparous native breed does age 3-5 years and weighing 40–60 kg were assigned to control and hypocalcemia groups based on their health history, clinical and biochemical findings. The control group included 10 clinically healthy pregnant does, and the hypocalcemia group included 35 late pregnant does that suffered from anorexia, weakness, muscle tremors of the hind limbs, and an inability to stand. Clinical examination and blood sampling in both groups were performed approximately 14 days before the expected time of kidding (day −14), at kidding day (day 0), on day +21, and +42 postpartum. Sonographic measurements were used to monitor uterine involution on day 0 and then weekly once the animal was postpartum (day +7, +14, +21, +28, +35, till +42) in both groups. Results: Results of sonographic measurement revealed that the hypocalcemia group had a greater (p<0.05) size of the uterus as assessed transrectally and retarded uterine involution when compared with the control group. Laboratory findings revealed that does in both groups showed lower red blood cells, packed cell volume%, and hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations on day −14 before kidding and day 0 when compared with postpartum measurements. A significant increase (p<0.05) in total leukocyte counts, neutrophil, serum glucose, and cortisol levels with a significant decrease (p<0.05) in lymphocytes. Significant decreases (p<,0.05) in serum calcium, phosphorous, vitamin D, and total antioxidant capacity levels with significant (p<,0.05) increases in serum malondialdehyde were recorded on day 0 and day −14 in the hypocalcemia group when compared with the control group. Conclusion: This investigation provides evidence that hypocalcemia in does causes both metabolic and oxidative stress during peri-parturient periods while also retarding uterine involution during postpartum periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin H Bayoumi
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Amany Behairy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A Abdallah
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Noura E Attia
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
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Metabolic Profile of Steers Subjected to Normal Feeding, Fasting, and Re-Feeding Conditions. Vet Sci 2020; 7:vetsci7030095. [PMID: 32708177 PMCID: PMC7558577 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci7030095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of feeding, fasting, and re-feeding on the metabolic profile of growing cattle were studied. Blood and urine samples were obtained from 12 crossbred steers weighing approximately 300 kg during the following periods: 11 h of normal feeding (postprandial period), 48 consecutive hours of fasting, followed by 48 h of re-feeding. Compared with the postprandial period, fasting caused the following modifications: moderate hypoglycemia accompanied by remarkable lipolysis detected by the increase in plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFAs); absence of hepatic lipidosis, as there were no changes in aspartate aminotransferase activity or serum cholesterol levels; mild ketogenesis, confirmed by the slight increase of β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB); increased amino acid burn for energy production, verified by the increase in serum urea contents. There were strong positive correlations between the plasma levels of FFAs and βHB (r = 0.68; p < 0.001), fasting duration and FFA concentration (r = 0.92; p < 0.00001), and fasting duration and serum urea (r = 0.52; p < 0.001); there was a negative correlation between fasting duration and blood glucose (r = −0.52; p < 0.0001). During this same period, mild hypovolemia characterized by an increase in intravascular volume deficit was observed. The metabolic condition observed during fasting was completely reversed during re-feeding, except for the temporarily higher proteolysis.
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Parenteral use of ADE vitamins in prepartum and its influences in the metabolic, oxidative, and immunological profiles of sheep during the transition period. Small Rumin Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Fátima CJTD, Mendonça CLD, Andrade Neto AQD, Nascimento Júnior AFD, Silva SPRD, Afonso JAB. EFFECTS OF DIETARY SODIUM MONENSIN ON THE METABOLIC AND HORMONAL PROFILES OF DAIRY GOATS DURING THE PERIPARTUM PERIOD. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-6891v19e-51453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to investigate the energetic and hormonal profiles of dairy goats fed diets supplemented with monensin during the peripartum period. Eleven pregnant Saanen goats were subdivided into two random groups, a control group (GC) and the monensin group (MG). The MG group received 40 mg sodium monensin per animal per day for 15 days before partum and throughout the subsequent experimental period. Clinical observations and sample collection were performed at 30, 15, and 7 days before birth; on the day of partum; and at 5, 15, and 30 days after birth. The following biochemical and hormonal profile variables analyzed were: cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, fructosamine, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), cortisol, and insulin. The ruminal fluid pH, chloride content, and volatile fatty acids were also measured. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using repeated measures ANOVA (p < 0.05) and Pearson's correlation. At partum, the MG group had lower values of NEFAs and lower acetate/propionate ratio. MG had higher triglycerides during the entire experiment period. The administration of monensin generated benefits in terms of energy parameters, improving the metabolic status of the dairy goats during peripartum.
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Lima EHF, Mendonça CL, Cajueiro JFDP, Carvalho CCD, Soares PC, Souto RJC, Drummond ARF, Afonso JAB. EFEITO DA MONENSINA SÓDICA SOBRE O PERFIL METABÓLICO DE OVELHAS ANTES E APÓS O PARTO. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1089-6891v17i128370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo O estudo foi realizado com o intuito de avaliar o efeito da monensina, suplementada a partir de 60 dias antes do parto (dap) e por 30 dias pós-parto, sobre o perfil metabólico e hormonal de ovelhas. As ovelhas prenhas (n=13), foram divididas, de forma aleatória, em dois grupos, um que recebeu a monensina (n=7) (30 mg/dia) e o controle (n=6). Amostras de sangue e fluido ruminal foram colhidas aos 60, 50, 40, 30, 20 e 10 dias antes do parto, no momento do parto e nos 10, 20 e 30 dias pós-parto. As variáveis mensuradas foram: glicose, frutosamina, ácidos graxos não esterificados (AGNEs), β-hidroxibutirato, colesterol, triglicérides, proteína total, albumina, ureia e pesquisa de corpos cetônicos na urina. As determinações hormonais foram cortisol e a insulina. No fluido ruminal foi determinado o pH e a concentração dos ácidos graxos voláteis. Na análise estatística foi empregada a ANOVA e estudo de correlação (P<0,05). A monensina elevou (P<0,05) a concentração do propionato no rúmen e frutosamina e insulina no sangue. A administração da monensina promoveu melhora em alguns indicadores do balanço energético.
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