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Gueguen C, Jackson KL, Marques FZ, Eikelis N, Phillips S, Stevenson ER, Charchar FJ, Lambert GW, Davern PJ, Head GA. Renal nerves contribute to hypertension in Schlager BPH/2J mice. Hypertens Res 2018; 42:306-318. [PMID: 30531841 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-018-0147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Schlager mice (BPH/2J) are hypertensive due to a greater contribution of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and renin-angiotensin system (RAS). The kidneys of BPH/2J are hyper-innervated suggesting renal nerves may contribute to the hypertension. We therefore determined the effect of bilateral renal denervation (RD) on hypertension in BPH/2J. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured by radiotelemetry before and for 3 weeks after RD in BPH/2J and BPN/3J. The effects of pentolinium and enalaprilat were examined to determine the contribution of the SNS and RAS, respectively. After 3 weeks, MAP was -10.9 ± 2.1 mmHg lower in RD BPH/2J compared to baseline and -2.1 ± 2.2 mmHg in sham BPH/2J (P < 0.001, n = 8-10). RD had no effect in BPN/3J (P > 0.1). The depressor response to pentolinium was greater in BPH/2J than BPN/3J, but in both cases the response in RD mice was similar to sham. Enalaprilat decreased MAP more in RD BPH/2J compared to sham (-12 vs -3 mmHg, P < 0.001) but had no effect in BPN/3J. RD reduced renal noradrenaline in both strains but more so in BPH/2J. RD reduced renin mRNA and protein, but not plasma renin in BPH/2J to levels comparable with BPN/3J mice. We conclude that renal nerves contribute to hypertension in BPH mice as RD induced a sustained fall in MAP, which was associated with a reduction of intrarenal renin expression. The lack of inhibition of the depressor effects of pentolinium and enalaprilat by RD suggests that vasoconstrictor effects of the SNS or RAS are not involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Gueguen
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kristy L Jackson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Francine Z Marques
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nina Eikelis
- Human Neurotransmitters Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia
| | - Sarah Phillips
- Human Neurotransmitters Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia
| | - Emily R Stevenson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Fadi J Charchar
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gavin W Lambert
- Human Neurotransmitters Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia
| | - Pamela J Davern
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Geoffrey A Head
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia. .,Department of Pharmacology Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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Role of renal nerves in the treatment of renovascular hypertensive rats with L-arginine. Int J Hypertens 2014; 2014:735627. [PMID: 25349722 PMCID: PMC4199080 DOI: 10.1155/2014/735627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Revised: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose was to determine the role of renal nerves in mediating the effects of antihypertensive treatment with L-arginine in a renovascular hypertension model. The 2K1C (two-kidney one-clip model) hypertensive rats were submitted to bilateral surgical-pharmacological renal denervation. The animals were subdivided into six experimental groups: normotensive control rats (SHAM), 2K1C rats, 2K1C rats treated with L-arginine (2K1C + L-arg), denervated normotensive (DN) rats, denervated 2K1C (2K1C + DN) rats, and denervated 2K1C + L-arg (2K1C + DN + L-arg) rats. Arterial blood pressure, water intake, urine volume, and sodium excretion were measured. The 2K1C rats exhibited an increase in the mean arterial pressure (MAP) (from 106 ± 3 to 183 ± 5.8 mmHg, P < 0.01), whereas L-arg treatment induced a reduction in the MAP (143 ± 3.4 mmHg) without lowering it to the control level. Renal nerve denervation reduced the MAP to normotensive levels in 2K1C rats with or without chronic L-arg treatment. L-arg and denervation induced increases in water intake and urine volume, and L-arg caused a significant natriuretic effect. Our results suggest that renal sympathetic activity participates in the genesis and the maintenance of the hypertension and also demonstrate that treatment with L-arg alone is incapable of normalizing the MAP and that the effect of such treatment is not additive with the effect of kidney denervation.
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Papademetriou V, Rashidi AA, Tsioufis C, Doumas M. Renal nerve ablation for resistant hypertension: how did we get here, present status, and future directions. Circulation 2014; 129:1440-51. [PMID: 24687645 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.005405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vasilios Papademetriou
- Department of Veterans Affairs and Georgetown University, Washington, DC (V.P., A.A.R.); Ippokration University Hospital, Athens, Greece (C.T.); Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (M.D.)
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Graceli JB, Cicilini MA, Bissoli NS, Abreu GR, Moysés MR. Roles of estrogen and progesterone in modulating renal nerve function in the rat kidney. Braz J Med Biol Res 2013; 46:521-7. [PMID: 23828583 PMCID: PMC3854445 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20132666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of extracellular Na+ and Cl- concentrations
in mammals depends, at least in part, on renal function. It has been shown that
neural and endocrine mechanisms regulate extracellular fluid volume and
transport of electrolytes along nephrons. Studies of sex hormones and renal
nerves suggested that sex hormones modulate renal function, although this
relationship is not well understood in the kidney. To better understand the role
of these hormones on the effects that renal nerves have on Na+ and
Cl- reabsorption, we studied the effects of renal denervation and
oophorectomy in female rats. Oophorectomized (OVX) rats received 17β-estradiol
benzoate (OVE, 2.0 mg·kg-1·day-1, sc) and
progesterone (OVP, 1.7 mg·kg-1·day-1,
sc). We assessed Na+ and Cl- fractional
excretion (FENa+ and FECl-, respectively) and renal and plasma catecholamine release concentrations.
FENa+, FECl-, water intake, urinary flow, and renal and plasma catecholamine release
levels increased in OVX vs control rats. These effects were
reversed by 17β-estradiol benzoate but not by progesterone. Renal denervation
did not alter FENa+, FECl-, water intake, or urinary flow values vs controls.
However, the renal catecholamine release level was decreased in the OVP
(236.6±36.1 ng/g) and denervated rat groups (D: 102.1±15.7; ODE: 108.7±23.2;
ODP: 101.1±22.1 ng/g). Furthermore, combining OVX + D (OD: 111.9±25.4) decreased
renal catecholamine release levels compared to either treatment alone. OVE
normalized and OVP reduced renal catecholamine release levels, and the effects
on plasma catecholamine release levels were reversed by ODE and ODP replacement
in OD. These data suggest that progesterone may influence catecholamine release
levels by renal innervation and that there are complex interactions among renal
nerves, estrogen, and progesterone in the modulation of renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Graceli
- Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
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Witkowski A, Kadziela J. Obstructive sleep apnoea, resistant hypertension and renal denervation. EUROINTERVENTION 2013; 9 Suppl R:R105-9. [DOI: 10.4244/eijv9sra18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Moraes AN, Gouvêa SA, Gonçalves WLS, Romero WG, Moyses MR, Bissoli NS, Pires JGP, Abreu GR. Raloxifene reduces blood pressure in hypertensive animals after ovarian hormone deprivation. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2011; 109:334-8. [PMID: 21624057 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2011.00734.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Raloxifene is a selective oestrogen receptor modulator that has been approved for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. Studies have revealed several effects of raloxifene on the cardiovascular system, which might contribute to the blood pressure regulatory mechanisms, particularly in the systemic arterial hypertension. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of raloxifene on the blood pressure, renal excretion of water and Na(+) and plasma nitrite/nitrate levels in 2-kidney-1-clip (2K1C) hypertensive female rats. The groups were as follows: hypertensive (2K1C), hypertensive ovariectomized (2K1C + OVX) and hypertensive ovariectomized treated with raloxifene (2K1C + OVX + R). Seven days after the surgery that produced menopause, 2K1C hypertension was produced in anaesthetized animals. Seven days after the clip application, the rats were put into metabolic cages to allow for the measurement of water ingestion and diuresis, and raloxifene was administered (2 mg/kg/day i.p., for 7 more days). We found a large reduction (p < 0.01) in mean arterial pressure (197 ± 6 to 164 ± 2 mmHg), an increase in renal excretion of sodium and water (p < 0.05) and an increase in plasma levels of nitrite/nitrate in 2K1C + OVX + R animals, when compared with the 2K1C (23.4 ± 1 versus 14 ± 0.5 nmol/mL; p < 0.01, respectively). These findings suggest that raloxifene exerted its antihypertensive effect, at least in part, by improving the renal excretion of sodium and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Nunes Moraes
- Department of Health Sciences, CEUNES, Federal University of Espirito Santo, São Mateus, ES, Brazil
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Andrade TU, Franquini JVM, Cabral AM, Vasquez EC, Araújo MT, Moysés MR, Abreu GR, Bissoli NS. Acute Obstructive Apnea Produces Natriuresis in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) by a Renal Nerve-Dependent. Clin Exp Hypertens 2010; 32:555-9. [DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2010.503296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tadeu U. Andrade
- Department of Pharmacy, University Center of Vila Velha, Vila Velha, Brazil
| | | | - Antônio M. Cabral
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Elisardo C. Vasquez
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Maria T. Araújo
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Margareth R. Moysés
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Gláucia R. Abreu
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Nazare S. Bissoli
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
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