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Zare A, Moshfeghy Z, Zarshenas MM, Jahromi BN, Akbarzadeh M, Sayadi M. Quercus brantii Lindl. Vaginal cream versus placebo on Bacterial Vaginosis: A randomized clinical trial. J Herb Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Silva MMD, Iriguchi EK, Kassuya CAL, Vieira MDC, Foglio MA, Carvalho JED, Ruiz ALT, Souza KDP, Formagio AS. Schinus terebinthifolius : phenolic constituents and in vitro antioxidant, antiproliferative and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Scheibe CL, Ribas-Filho JM, Czeczko NG, Malafaia O, Barboza LED, Ribas FM, Wendler E, Torres O, Lovato FC, Scapini JGS. Schinus terebinthifolius raddi (Aroeira) and Orbignya phalerata mart. (Babassu) effect in cecorrahphy healing in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2016; 31:402-10. [PMID: 27355748 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020160060000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (aroeira) and Orbignya phalerata Mart. (babassu) in the healing process of cecorrhaphy in rats. METHODS : Fifty four rats were used, distributed into three groups randomly: aroeira, babassu and control, which were divided into three subgroups (six animals) according to the time of the deaths (7, 14, 21 days). All underwent the same surgical procedure, cecotomy and cecorrhaphy. The animals in group aroeira and babassu received daily dose of 100 mg/kg of hydroalcoholic extract and 50 mg/kg of aquous extract respectively, by gavage. The control group received only saline solution. The parameters evaluated were: macroscopic changes, ,resistance test to air insufflations and histological changes. RESULTS : All animals showed good healing without infection. All groups presented adhesions between cecum and neighboring organs. The resistance test insufflating of atmospheric air showed progressive increase of pressure according to the days in the aroeira group, and decrease in babassu group, without significant difference. Microscopy showed significant difference in the polymorphonuclear, hyperemia, angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation and collagen histological variables in the 14th day. CONCLUSION : Hydroalcoholic extract of aroeira and the aqueous extract of babassu favored the healing process in cecorrhaphy in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lamar Scheibe
- Master, Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Faculdade Evangélica do Paraná (FEPAR), Universidade Evangélica do Paraná, Hospital de Curitiba, Medical Research Institute, Curitiba-PR, and Hospital São Domingos, Sao Luis-MA, Brazil. Conception, design, intellectual and scientific content of the study
| | - Jurandir Marcondes Ribas-Filho
- Associate Professor, Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, FEPAR, Universidade Evangélica do Paraná, Hospital de Curitiba, Medical Research Institute, Curitiba-PR, Brazil. Scientific and intellectual content of the study, interpretation of data, critical revision
| | - Nicolau Gregori Czeczko
- Associate Professor, Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, FEPAR, Universidade Evangélica do Paraná, Hospital de Curitiba, Medical Research Institute, Curitiba-PR, Brazil. Scientific and intellectual content of the study, interpretation of data, critical revision
| | - Osvaldo Malafaia
- Full Professor, Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, FEPAR, Universidade Evangélica do Paraná, Hospital de Curitiba, Medical Research Institute, Curitiba-PR, Brazil. Scientific and intellectual content of the study, interpretation of data, critical revision
| | - Luiz Eduardo Durães Barboza
- Master, Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Faculdade Evangélica do Paraná (FEPAR), Universidade Evangélica do Paraná, Hospital de Curitiba, Medical Research Institute, Curitiba-PR, and Hospital São Domingos, Sao Luis-MA, Brazil. Conception, design, intellectual and scientific content of the study
| | - Fernanda Marcondes Ribas
- Fellow PhD degree, Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, FEPAR, Universidade Evangélica do Paraná, Hospital de Curitiba, Medical Research Institute, Curitiba-PR, Brazil. Conception, design, intellectual and scientific content of the study
| | - Eduardo Wendler
- Fellow PhD degree, Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, FEPAR, Universidade Evangélica do Paraná, Hospital de Curitiba, Medical Research Institute, Curitiba-PR, Brazil. Conception, design, intellectual and scientific content of the study
| | - Orlando Torres
- PhD, Department of Surgery, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Sao Luis-MA, Brazil. Conception, design, intellectual and scientific content of the study
| | - Fernanda Christo Lovato
- Graduate student, PIBIC, Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, FEPAR, Universidade Evangélica do Paraná, Hospital de Curitiba, Medical Research Institute, Curitiba-PR, Brazil. Acquisition of data
| | - João Guilherme Seifert Scapini
- Graduate student, PIBIC, Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, FEPAR, Universidade Evangélica do Paraná, Hospital de Curitiba, Medical Research Institute, Curitiba-PR, Brazil. Acquisition of data
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Machado D, Castro J, Palmeira-de-Oliveira A, Martinez-de-Oliveira J, Cerca N. Bacterial Vaginosis Biofilms: Challenges to Current Therapies and Emerging Solutions. Front Microbiol 2016; 6:1528. [PMID: 26834706 PMCID: PMC4718981 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common genital tract infection in women during their reproductive years and it has been associated with serious health complications, such as preterm delivery and acquisition or transmission of several sexually transmitted agents. BV is characterized by a reduction of beneficial lactobacilli and a significant increase in number of anaerobic bacteria, including Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Mobiluncus spp., Bacteroides spp. and Prevotella spp.. Being polymicrobial in nature, BV etiology remains unclear. However, it is certain that BV involves the presence of a thick vaginal multi-species biofilm, where G. vaginalis is the predominant species. Similar to what happens in many other biofilm-related infections, standard antibiotics, like metronidazole, are unable to fully eradicate the vaginal biofilm, which can explain the high recurrence rates of BV. Furthermore, antibiotic therapy can also cause a negative impact on the healthy vaginal microflora. These issues sparked the interest in developing alternative therapeutic strategies. This review provides a quick synopsis of the currently approved and available antibiotics for BV treatment while presenting an overview of novel strategies that are being explored for the treatment of this disorder, with special focus on natural compounds that are able to overcome biofilm-associated antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Machado
- Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Castro
- Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do PortoPorto, Portugal
| | - Ana Palmeira-de-Oliveira
- Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira InteriorCovilhã, Portugal; Labfit, Health Products Research and Development LdaCovilhã, Portugal
| | - José Martinez-de-Oliveira
- Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira InteriorCovilhã, Portugal; Child and Woman's Health Department, Centro Hospitalar Cova da BeiraCovilhã, Portugal
| | - Nuno Cerca
- Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho Braga, Portugal
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Schwebke JR, Marrazzo J, Beelen AP, Sobel JD. A Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Vehicle-Controlled Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Metronidazole Vaginal Gel 1.3% in the Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis. Sex Transm Dis 2015; 42:376-81. [PMID: 26222750 PMCID: PMC4463027 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000000300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial vaginosis (BV), a prevalent infection in women of reproductive age, is associated with increased risk of upper genital tract and sexually transmitted infections, and complications in pregnancy. Currently approved treatments include metronidazole, which requires once or twice daily intravaginal administration for 5 days or twice daily oral administration for 7 days. This phase 3 study determined the safety and efficacy of single-dose metronidazole vaginal gel (MVG) 1.3%. METHODS In this double-blind, vehicle-controlled study, 651 women with clinical diagnosis of BV were randomized 1:1 to receive MVG 1.3% or vehicle vaginal gel. Primary efficacy measure was clinical cure (normal discharge, negative "whiff test," and <20% clue cells) at day 21. Secondary measures included therapeutic cure (both clinical and bacteriological; day 21) and bacteriologic cure (Nugent score <4), clinical cure, and time to resolution of symptoms (day 7). RESULTS A total of 487 participants were included in the primary analysis. Clinical and therapeutic cure rates (day 21) were higher in participants treated with MVG 1.3% compared with vehicle gel (37.2% vs. 26.6% [P = 0.010] and 16.8% vs. 7.2% [P = 0.001], respectively). Clinical and bacteriologic cure rates (day 7) were also higher in the MVG 1.3% group (46.0% vs. 20.0% [P < 0.001] and 32.7% vs. 6.3% [P < 0.001], respectively). The median time to resolution of symptoms was shorter in the MVG 1.3% (day 6) than vehicle group (not reached). No serious adverse events were reported, and incidence was similar across treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Single-dose MVG 1.3% was safe and superior to vehicle gel in producing cure among women with BV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane R. Schwebke
- From the *Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; †Division of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; ‡Formerly of Watson Laboratories, Inc, a subsidiary of Actavis, Inc, Salt Lake City, UT; and §Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Jeanne Marrazzo
- From the *Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; †Division of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; ‡Formerly of Watson Laboratories, Inc, a subsidiary of Actavis, Inc, Salt Lake City, UT; and §Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Andrew P. Beelen
- From the *Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; †Division of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; ‡Formerly of Watson Laboratories, Inc, a subsidiary of Actavis, Inc, Salt Lake City, UT; and §Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Jack D. Sobel
- From the *Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; †Division of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; ‡Formerly of Watson Laboratories, Inc, a subsidiary of Actavis, Inc, Salt Lake City, UT; and §Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
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Melo MCSC, Gadelha DNB, Oliveira TKB, Brandt CT. Alcohol extract of Schinu sterebinthifolius raddi (anacardiaceae) as a local antimicrobial agent in severe autogenously fecal peritonitis in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2015; 29 Suppl 1:52-6. [PMID: 25185057 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502014001300010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an alcoholic extract of the inner bark of the Schinus terebinthifolius raddi and to test its impact on autogenously fecal peritonitis in Wistar rats. METHODS The inner bark of the Schinus terebinthifolius raddi was kept for seven days in 70% ethanol alcohol. The total elimination of the solvent was performed in a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure at 55-60°C. Four milliliter of this extract was injected, after 24 h, into the abdominal cavity of six out of eight survival rats that underwent autogenously fecal peritonitis with five milliliter of 10% filtered fecal suspension. They were clinically followed up for 45 days when they were euthanized. The necropsy findings (inventory) of the abdominal and thorax cavities were inspected and the main findings were recorded and photographed. The investigation was approved by the Ethics Committee. RESULTS Two out of six survival rats that were critically ill after 24 h died within the 12 h after the extract injection into the abdominal cavity. Four rats that were also critically ill recovered and gradually became healthy, eating well, regaining weight and moving normally in the cage. At 45 days post severe peritonitis the necropsy findings revealed few signs of residual infection on the abdominal and thorax cavities. There were no bowel adhesions. CONCLUSION The impact of alcoholic extract of the inner bark of the Schinus terebinthifolius raddi was considered very positive and promising as natural local antiseptic against very severe peritonitis in Wistar rats.
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Carlini EA, Duarte-Almeida JM, Tabach R. Assessment of the toxicity of the Brazilian pepper trees Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Aroeira-da-praia) and Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão (Aroeira-do-sertão). Phytother Res 2012; 27:692-8. [PMID: 22761020 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the preclinical toxicity of two plants commonly used to treat "stomach ailments" in Brazil: Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (S) and Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão (M). In male rats, chronic treatment (83 days) with both pepper trees (17.6 and 13.8 mg/kg, S and M, respectively) has been shown to decrease hematocrit. However, a reduction in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin was only seen following administration of S. terebinthifolius. None of the plants caused anatomopathological alterations following chronic treatment, and mating ability and fertility were not affected. Both pepper trees showed moderate toxicity following acute and chronic treatment by gavage, particularly S. terebinthifolius. Moreover, bone malformations were induced in fetuses, and a slight delay in recovery time of the postural reflex was observed in pups from female animals treated (18 days) with S. terebinthifolius. Given these results, a better assessment of the risks and benefits of the internal use of these plants is necessary, especially when used by women of childbearing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisaldo Araujo Carlini
- CEBRID (Centro Brasileiro de Informações sobre Drogas Psicotrópicas), Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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