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Kuzmenko NV, Galagudza MM. Hormonal basis of seasonal metabolic changes in mammalian species. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2024; 142:131-161. [PMID: 39059984 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Seasonal changes in external conditions (photoperiod, meteorological conditions, diet) cause adaptive changes in both energy and substrate metabolism in the animals of mammalian species. In summer, long days and a rich diet contribute to relative elevation in the levels of thyroid hormones (TH), but warmer weather lowers their levels. In winter, short days and a poor diet inhibit TH synthesis, but low temperatures increase their secretion. In addition, the results of our meta-analyses revealed a significant role of atmospheric pressure in circannual fluctuations of metabolic parameters in humans. The changes in photoperiod are generally viewed as a major factor contributing to seasonal rhythm regulation However, numerous data show that season-dependent metabolic changes in mammals could be also accounted for by meteorological factors and diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Kuzmenko
- Department for Experimental Physiology and Pharmacology, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - M M Galagudza
- Department for Experimental Physiology and Pharmacology, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
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2
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Kuzmenko NV, Tsyrlin VA, Pliss MG. Meta-Analysis of Experimental Studies of Diet-Dependent Effects of Melatonin Monotherapy on Circulatory Levels of Triglycerides, Cholesterol, Glucose and Insulin in Rats. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2023. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093023010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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3
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Spaggiari G, Romeo M, Casarini L, Granata ARM, Simoni M, Santi D. Human fertility and sleep disturbances: A narrative review. Sleep Med 2022; 98:13-25. [PMID: 35772248 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many factors may be hidden behind the global fertility decline observed in Western countries. Alongside the progressively increased age of infertile couples, environmental and behavioural factors, including non-optimal lifestyle habits, should be considered. Among these, sleep disorders have been suggested to be linked to human fertility. METHODS This is a narrative review, describing first sleep physiology, its disturbances, and the tools able to quantify sleep dysfunction. Then, we consider all available studies aimed at investigating the connection between sleep disorders and human fertility, providing a comprehensive view on this topic. RESULTS Forty-two studies investigating the relationship between sleep habits and human reproduction were included. All the published evidence was grouped according to the aspect of human fertility considered, i.e. i) female reproductive functions, ii) male reproductive functions, iii) natural conception and iv) assisted reproduction. For each of the sub-groups considered, the connection between sleep dysregulation and human fertility was classified according to specific sleep characteristics, such as sleep duration, quality, and habits. In addition, possible physio-pathological mechanisms proposed to support the link between sleep and fertility were summarized. CONCLUSION This review summarizes the most relevant findings about the intricate and still largely unknown network of molecular pathways involved in the regulation of circadian homeostasis, to which sleep contributes, essential for reproductive physiology. Thus, many mechanisms seem correlate sleep disorders to reproductive health, such as adrenal activation, circadian dysregulation, and genetic influences. This review highlights the need to properly designed trials on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Spaggiari
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Modena, Italy
| | - Marilina Romeo
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Modena, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Livio Casarini
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonio R M Granata
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Modena, Italy
| | - Manuela Simoni
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Modena, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniele Santi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Modena, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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4
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Melatonin antagonizes ovarian aging via YTHDF2-MAPK-NF-κB pathway. Genes Dis 2022; 9:494-509. [PMID: 35224163 PMCID: PMC8843885 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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5
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Melatonin and Myo-Inositol: Supporting Reproduction from the Oocyte to Birth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168433. [PMID: 34445135 PMCID: PMC8395120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pregnancy is a sequence of events finely tuned by several molecular interactions that come with a new birth. The precise interlocking of these events affecting the reproductive system guarantees safe embryo formation and fetal development. In this scenario, melatonin and myo-inositol seem to be pivotal not only in the physiology of the reproduction process, but also in the promotion of positive gestational outcomes. Evidence demonstrates that melatonin, beyond the role of circadian rhythm management, is a key controller of human reproductive functions. Similarly, as the most representative member of the inositol’s family, myo-inositol is essential in ensuring correct advancing of reproductive cellular events. The molecular crosstalk mediated by these two species is directly regulated by their availability in the human body. To date, biological implications of unbalanced amounts of melatonin and myo-inositol in each pregnancy step are growing the idea that these molecules actively contribute to reduce negative outcomes and improve the fertilization rate. Clinical data suggest that melatonin and myo-inositol may constitute an optimal dietary supplementation to sustain safe human gestation and a new potential way to prevent pregnancy-associated pathologies.
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6
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Abdel-Wahab A, Hassanin KMA, Ibrahim SS, El-Kossi DMMH, Abdel-Razik ARH. Developmental Programming: Physiological Impacts of Prenatal Melatonin Administration on Reproductive Capacity and Serum Triiodothyronine of Adult Female Offspring Rat Born to Moms Exposed to Bisphenol A During Pregnancy. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:1956-1966. [PMID: 33469879 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00452-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gestational bisphenol A (BPA) exposure induced multiple programmed diseases in the adult offsprings. Thus, this study targeted exploring the physiological impacts of melatonin (MEL) as a reprogramming strategy against in utero BPA exposure on reproductive capacity of adult F1 female rat offspring. Forty adult pregnant albino female rats were divided equally into 5 groups (n = 8): group I (control), group II (low-dose BPA; 25 μg BPA/kg B.w.t.), group III (low-dose BPA + 10 mg MEL/kg B.w.t.), group IV (high-dose BPA; 250 μg/kg B.w.t.), and group V (high-dose BPA + MEL). Treatments were given daily by subcutaneous (s/c) injection from the fourth day of pregnancy until full term. After delivery, female offspring were selected, and on postnatal day 60, adult offspring were examined for estrus regularity and then were sacrificed at estrus to collect blood and tissue samples. Findings clarified that in utero BPA exposure (both doses) increased significantly (P < 0.05) the ovarian weights and the serum levels of estrogen but decreased that of triiodothyronine (T3) compared to control groups. Significant increasing of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreasing of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were also detected. Both doses of BPA disturbed remarkably the estrus cycles and caused marked aberrations in ovarian and uterine tissues. Interestingly, prenatal MEL co-treatment with BPA mitigated significantly all of these degenerative changes. Thus, this study first demonstrated that prenatal MEL therapy could be used as a potent reprogramming intervention against BPA-induced reproductive disorders in the adult F1 female rat offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdel-Wahab
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.
| | - Kamel M A Hassanin
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Shawky S Ibrahim
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Dina M M H El-Kossi
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
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7
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Laste G, Silva AAD, Gheno BR, Rychcik PM. Relationship between melatonin and high-risk pregnancy: A review of investigations published between the years 2010 and 2020. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:168-181. [PMID: 33432828 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1863975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review was to search for articles on human studies investigating the relationship between melatonin and high-risk pregnancy. An electronic search was conducted in the MEDLINE and PubMed databases from September 2010 to October 2020. The initial search produced 441 articles in PubMed and 407 in MEDLINE. After sorting the titles and abstracts, and removing duplicates, we had nine articles in PubMed and three in Medline. The results of these studies mainly show that the association between melatonin receptor 1B polymorphisms and gestational diabetes mellitus is the most common physiological mechanism relating to melatonin and high-risk pregnancy in this review. In addition, the circadian rhythm, decreased melatonin production, and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects were explored. The findings of our review of the literature suggest that this indoleamine is essential in high-risk pregnancy for its potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, regulation of the circadian rhythm, and genic receptor expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Laste
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates , Lajeado, Brasil
| | - André Anjos da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates , Lajeado, Brasil
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8
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Júnior LA, Cucielo MS, Domeniconi RF, dos Santos LD, Silveira HS, da Silva Nunes I, Martinez M, Martinez FE, Fávaro WJ, Chuffa LGDA. P-MAPA and IL-12 Differentially Regulate Proteins Associated with Ovarian Cancer Progression: A Proteomic Study. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:21761-21777. [PMID: 31891054 PMCID: PMC6933580 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the potential role of immunotherapies in the cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with ovarian cancer (OC), we applied a comparative proteomic toll using protein identification combined with mass spectrometry. Herein, the effects of the protein aggregate magnesium-ammonium phospholinoleate-palmitoleate anhydride, known as P-MAPA, and the human recombinant interleukin-12 (hrIL-12) were tested alone or in combination in human SKOV-3 cells. The doses and period were defined based on a previous study, which showed that 25 μg/mL P-MAPA and 1 ng/mL IL-12 are sufficient to reduce cell metabolism after 48 h. Indeed, among 2,881 proteins modulated by the treatments, 532 of them were strictly concordant and common. P-MAPA therapy upregulated proteins involved in tight junction, focal adhesion, ribosome constitution, GTP hydrolysis, semaphorin interactions, and expression of SLIT and ROBO, whereas it downregulated ERBB4 signaling, toll-like receptor signaling, regulation of NOTCH 4, and the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. In addition, IL-12 therapy led to upregulation of leukocyte migration, tight junction, and cell signaling, while cell communication, cell metabolism, and Wnt signaling were significantly downregulated in OC cells. A clear majority of proteins that were overexpressed by the combination of P-MAPA with IL-12 are involved in tight junction, focal adhesion, DNA methylation, metabolism of RNA, and ribosomal function; only a small number of downregulated proteins were involved in cell signaling, energy and mitochondrial processes, cell oxidation and senescence, and Wnt signaling. These findings suggest that P-MAPA and IL-12 efficiently regulated important proteins associated with OC progression; these altered proteins may represent potential targets for OC treatment in addition to its immunoadjuvant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Antonio
Lupi Júnior
- Department
of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences and Center for the Study of Venoms
and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), UNESP—Universidade
Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Maira Smaniotto Cucielo
- Department
of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences and Center for the Study of Venoms
and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), UNESP—Universidade
Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Raquel Fantin Domeniconi
- Department
of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences and Center for the Study of Venoms
and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), UNESP—Universidade
Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Lucilene Delazari dos Santos
- Department
of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences and Center for the Study of Venoms
and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), UNESP—Universidade
Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Henrique Spaulonci Silveira
- Department
of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences and Center for the Study of Venoms
and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), UNESP—Universidade
Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-689, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Martinez
- Department
of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University
of São Carlos, São
Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Francisco Eduardo Martinez
- Department
of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences and Center for the Study of Venoms
and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), UNESP—Universidade
Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Wagner José Fávaro
- Department
of Structural and Functional Biology, UNICAMP—University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department
of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences and Center for the Study of Venoms
and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), UNESP—Universidade
Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-689, Brazil
- E-mail: . Phone: +55 (14) 3880-0027
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Majidinia M, Reiter RJ, Shakouri SK, Yousefi B. The role of melatonin, a multitasking molecule, in retarding the processes of ageing. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 47:198-213. [PMID: 30092361 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biological ageing is generally accompanied by a gradual loss of cellular functions and physiological integrity of organ systems, the consequential enhancement of vulnerability, senescence and finally death. Mechanisms which underlie ageing are primarily attributed to an array of diverse but related factors including free radical-induced damage, dysfunction of mitochondria, disruption of circadian rhythms, inflammaging, genomic instability, telomere attrition, loss of proteostasis, deregulated sensing of nutrients, epigenetic alterations, altered intercellular communication, and decreased capacity for tissue repair. Melatonin, a prime regulator of human chronobiological and endocrine physiology, is highly reputed as an antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antiproliferative, oncostatic, and endocrine-modulatory molecule. Interestingly, several recent reports support melatonin as an anti-ageing agent whose multifaceted functions may lessen the consequences of ageing. This review depicts four categories of melatonin's protective effects on ageing-induced molecular and structural alterations. We also summarize recent findings related to the function of melatonin during ageing in various tissues and organs.
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de Souza BR, de Almeida Chuffa LG, Simão VA, Camargo ICC. Histopathological changes in androgenized ovaries are recovered by melatonin treatment. Int J Exp Pathol 2018; 99:158-171. [PMID: 30256483 PMCID: PMC6157297 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nandrolone decanoate (ND) is a synthetic steroid, which promotes adverse effects on the ovarian tissue, and melatonin (MLT) exhibits a number of beneficial properties in the reproductive system. This study evaluated the general features of the ovarian tissue and the immunoexpression of sex steroid receptors in ND-treated rats that were submitted to short-term melatonin treatment. Adult rats received mineral oil (control group) and ND at doses of 7.5 mg/kg for 15 days (ND-treated group). The treatment with MLT (10mg/kg for 7 days) was given alone, before or in combination with ND. All ND-treated animals showed persistent dioestrus. In the androgenized groups that received MLT, ovarian morphology and size, and the number/area of corpora lutea were recovered. The number of healthy and atretic follicles was recovered when MLT was administered prior to ND; this was similar to the ovaries of control and MLT groups. There was a decrease in estrogen receptors immunostaining in the follicles of androgenized rats that were treated with MLT, and pretreatment with MLT reduced the expression of androgen receptor in atretic follicles and corpora lutea, when compared with ND-treated group. We conclude that MLT treatment recovered the histopathological aspects of the androgenized ovaries, and MLT pretreatment was the most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca R. de Souza
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em BiociênciasDepartamento de BiotecnologiaUniversidade Estadual Paulista – UNESPAssisSão PauloBrazil
| | | | - Vinícius Augusto Simão
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em BiociênciasDepartamento de BiotecnologiaUniversidade Estadual Paulista – UNESPAssisSão PauloBrazil
| | - Isabel C. C. Camargo
- Departamento de BiotecnologiaFaculdade de Ciências e LetrasUniversidade Estadual Paulista – UNESPAssisSão PauloBrazil
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11
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Mohammadi A, Zangi BM, Azari MD, Alizadeh R, Salehi M, Daneshi E, Rezaei MJ, Abbasi M. The effect of the ovarian varicose vein on the DNA methylation in the rat's oocyte. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 20:1166-1171. [PMID: 29147493 PMCID: PMC5673702 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.9449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective(s): We intended to determine whether the ovarian varicose which is one of the common etiologies of the pelvic congestion syndrome, has the ability to interfere with the DNA methylation reprogramming in the oocyte and thereby affect the oocyte quality or not. Materials and Methods: Varicose model was induced according to the Turner’s method in the rats. Briefly, a 20-gauge needle was placed on the left renal vein and a thread was tied over both the needle and the renal vein medial to the insertion of the ovarian vein, and then the needle was removed. Evaluation of prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) was assessed using specific kits and the expression level of the DNA methyltransferase genes Dnmt1, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3L was assessed by Real-time PCR. Immunofluorescent staining for 5-methylcytosine in the oocytes evaluated the global DNA methylation. Results: A significant PAB increase in the ovaries from varicose group was seen. Real-time PCR demonstrated a remarkable decrease in the expression of the Dnmt3a and Dnmt3L which are responsible for de novo DNA methylation in the oocytes. Immunofluorescent staining for 5-mC showed a reduction in the fluorescence intensity in the oocytes collected from the varicose group. Conclusion: Our findings from Real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry suggest that the epigenetic parameters in the oocyte could be affected by varicose induction and these epigenetic alteration has the potential to affect the oocyte quality. We suggest that the epigenetic changes could happen in the oocytes after the induction of ovarian varicose and lead to the oocyte quality reduction or even infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahshid Delfan Azari
- Department of Radiology, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rafieh Alizadeh
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center and Department, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Salehi
- Department of Biotechnology, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Daneshi
- Department of Anatomy, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Abbasi
- Department of Anatomy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chuffa LGDA, Reiter RJ, Lupi LA. Melatonin as a promising agent to treat ovarian cancer: molecular mechanisms. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:945-952. [PMID: 28575150 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) has the highest mortality rate of all gynecological cancers, and most patients develop chemoresistance after first-line treatments. Despite recent advances, the 5-year relative survival is ~45% for all OC subtypes, and invasive epithelial OC has only a 17% survival rate when diagnosed at a late stage. Identification of new efficacious molecules or biomarkers represents important opportunities in the treatment of OC. The pharmacological and physiological properties of melatonin indicate this agent could be useful against OC progression and metastasis. In normal cells, melatonin has potent antioxidant and anti-apoptotic actions. Conversely, melatonin has pro-oxidant as well as anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic and immunomodulatory properties in many cancer types including hormone-dependent cancers. Although melatonin receptors have been identified in OC cells, the exact mechanism by which melatonin induces anticancer activities remains incompletely understood. Clinical studies have reported negative correlation between aggressiveness of OC and serum levels of melatonin, reinforcing the idea that melatonin may be a critical factor determining OC development. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest melatonin differentially regulates multiple signaling pathways in OC cells. This focused review explores the potential mechanisms of action of melatonin on cultured OC cells and in experimental models of OC in an attempt to clarify how melatonin modulates the signaling pathways involved in cancer cell apoptosis, survival, inflammation, proliferation and metabolic processes. Based on the evidence presented, we feel that melatonin, as an agent that controls cellular signals associated with malignancy, may be beneficial in combination with other therapeutics for OC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil and Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil and Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Luiz Antonio Lupi
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil and Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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13
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Zonta YR, Martinez M, Camargo ICC, Domeniconi RF, Lupi Júnior LA, Pinheiro PFF, Reiter RJ, Martinez FE, Chuffa LGA. Melatonin Reduces Angiogenesis in Serous Papillary Ovarian Carcinoma of Ethanol-Preferring Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040763. [PMID: 28398226 PMCID: PMC5412347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a hallmark of ovarian cancer (OC); the ingrowth of blood vessels promotes rapid cell growth and the associated metastasis. Melatonin is a well-characterized indoleamine that possesses important anti-angiogenic properties in a set of aggressive solid tumors. Herein, we evaluated the role of melatonin therapy on the angiogenic signaling pathway in OC of an ethanol-preferring rat model that mimics the same pathophysiological conditions occurring in women. OC was chemically induced with a single injection of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) under the ovarian bursa. After the rats developed serous papillary OC, half of the animals received intraperitoneal injections of melatonin (200 µg/100 g body weight/day) for 60 days. Melatonin-treated animals showed a significant reduction in OC size and microvessel density. Serum levels of melatonin were higher following therapy, and the expression of its receptor MT1 was significantly increased in OC-bearing rats, regardless of ethanol intake. TGFβ1, a transforming growth factor-beta1, was reduced only after melatonin treatment. Importantly, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was severely reduced after melatonin therapy in animals given or not given ethanol. Conversely, the levels of VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1) was diminished after ethanol consumption, regardless of melatonin therapy, and VEGFR2 was only reduced following melatonin. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α was augmented with ethanol consumption, and, notably, melatonin significantly reduced their levels. Collectively, our results suggest that melatonin attenuates angiogenesis in OC in an animal model of ethanol consumption; this provides a possible complementary therapeutic opportunity for concurrent OC chemotherapy.
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MESH Headings
- Alcohol Drinking/physiopathology
- Animals
- Antioxidants/administration & dosage
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Blotting, Western
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary/blood supply
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary/drug therapy
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary/metabolism
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/blood supply
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/drug therapy
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/metabolism
- Ethanol/administration & dosage
- Female
- Food Preferences
- Immunohistochemistry
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Melatonin/administration & dosage
- Melatonin/pharmacology
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/prevention & control
- Ovarian Neoplasms/blood supply
- Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Rats
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT1/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Ricci Zonta
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Martinez
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos-SP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Isabel Cristina C Camargo
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Humanities and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis-SP 19806-900, Brazil.
| | - Raquel F Domeniconi
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Antonio Lupi Júnior
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Patricia Fernanda F Pinheiro
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UTHSCSA), San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Francisco Eduardo Martinez
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Gustavo A Chuffa
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP 18618-970, Brazil.
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Tamura H, Kawamoto M, Sato S, Tamura I, Maekawa R, Taketani T, Aasada H, Takaki E, Nakai A, Reiter RJ, Sugino N. Long-term melatonin treatment delays ovarian aging. J Pineal Res 2017; 62. [PMID: 27889913 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian aging is characterized by gradual declines in oocyte quantity and quality. Melatonin is considered an anti-aging agent due to its cytoprotective actions as an antioxidant. This study examined whether long-term melatonin treatment would delay ovarian aging in mice. Female ICR mice (10 weeks old) were given melatonin-containing water (100 μg/mL; melatonin) or water only until 43 weeks of age. Their oocytes were recovered from the oviduct, and in vitro fertilization was performed. The ovaries were used for a histological analysis of the number of follicles. The mRNA expression of the aging-related sirtuin genes (SIRT1, SIRT3) and the autophagy-related gene (LC3) and the telomere length of the ovarian chromosomes were analyzed. Transcriptome changes in the ovaries were also characterized using microarray. The number of ovulated oocytes decreased with age; however, it was greater in melatonin-treated mice than that from control animals. The decreased fertilization rate and blastocyst rate during aging also were higher in the melatonin-treated mice than in the controls, as were the numbers of primordial, primary, and antral follicles. The mRNA expression of SIRT1 and LC3 and telomere length were enhanced due to melatonin treatment. Seventy-eight genes that were downregulated during aging and upregulated by melatonin were identified by a microarray analysis. Forty of these 78 genes were ribosome-related genes, and a free radical scavenging network was identified. The present results indicate that melatonin delays ovarian aging by multiple mechanisms including antioxidant action, maintaining telomeres, stimulating SIRT expression and ribosome function, and by reducing autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Mai Kawamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Shun Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Isao Tamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Ryo Maekawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Taketani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Hiromi Aasada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Eiichi Takaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Akira Nakai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Norihiro Sugino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
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Chuffa LGA, Lupi Júnior LA, Seiva FRF, Martinez M, Domeniconi RF, Pinheiro PFF, dos Santos LD, Martinez FE. Quantitative Proteomic Profiling Reveals That Diverse Metabolic Pathways Are Influenced by Melatonin in an in Vivo Model of Ovarian Carcinoma. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:3872-3882. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo A. Chuffa
- Department
of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP − Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio Lupi Júnior
- Department
of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP − Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio R. F. Seiva
- Institute
of Biology, North of Parana State University − UENP, CLM, Bandeirantes, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Martinez
- Department
of Morphology and Pathology, UFSCar − Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel F. Domeniconi
- Department
of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP − Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Fernanda F. Pinheiro
- Department
of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP − Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucilene D. dos Santos
- Center
for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Eduardo Martinez
- Department
of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP − Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Jones TM, Durrant J, Michaelides EB, Green MP. Melatonin: a possible link between the presence of artificial light at night and reductions in biological fitness. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2016; 370:rstb.2014.0122. [PMID: 25780235 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2014.0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underpinning the ecological impacts of the presence of artificial night lighting remain elusive. One suspected underlying cause is that the presence of light at night (LAN) supresses nocturnal production of melatonin, a key driver of biological rhythm and a potent antioxidant with a proposed role in immune function. Here, we briefly review the evidence for melatonin as the link between LAN and changes in behaviour and physiology. We then present preliminary data supporting the potential for melatonin to act as a recovery agent mitigating the negative effects of LAN in an invertebrate. Adult crickets (Teleogryllus commodus), exposed to constant illumination, were provided with dietary melatonin (concentrations: 0, 10 or 100 µg ml(-1)) in their drinking water. We then compared survival, lifetime fecundity and, over a 4-week period, immune function (haemocyte concentration, lysozyme-like and phenoloxidase (PO) activity). Melatonin supplementation was able only partially to mitigate the detrimental effects of LAN: it did not improve survival or fecundity or PO activity, but it had a largely dose-dependent positive effect on haemocyte concentration and lysozyme-like activity. We discuss the implications of these relationships, as well as the usefulness of invertebrates as model species for future studies that explore the effects of LAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therésa M Jones
- Department of Zoology, The University of Melbourne, 3010 VIC, Australia
| | - Joanna Durrant
- Department of Zoology, The University of Melbourne, 3010 VIC, Australia
| | | | - Mark P Green
- Department of Zoology, The University of Melbourne, 3010 VIC, Australia
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17
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Chuffa LGA, Alves MS, Martinez M, Camargo ICC, Pinheiro PFF, Domeniconi RF, Júnior LAL, Martinez FE. Apoptosis is triggered by melatonin in an in vivo model of ovarian carcinoma. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:65-76. [PMID: 26555801 DOI: 10.1530/erc-15-0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis plays an important role in the treatment of cancer, and targeting apoptosis-related molecules in ovarian cancer (OC) is of great therapeutic value. Melatonin (Mel) is an indoleamine displaying several anti-cancer properties and has been reported to modulate apoptosis signaling in multiple tumor subtypes. We investigated OC and the role of Mel therapy on the pro-apoptotic (p53, BAX, caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-3) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2 and survivin) proteins in an ethanol (EtOH)-preferring rat model. To induce OC, the left ovary was injected directly with a single dose of 100 μg 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene dissolved in 10 μl of sesame oil under the bursa. Right ovaries were used as sham-surgery controls. After developing OC, half of the animals received i.p. injections of Mel (200 μg/100 g BW per day) for 60 days. Body weight gain, EtOH consumption, and energy intake were unaffected by the treatments. Interestingly, absolute and relative OC masses showed a significant reduction after Mel therapy, regardless of EtOH consumption. To accomplish OC-related apoptosis, we first observed that p53, BAX, caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-3 were downregulated in OC tissue while Bcl-2 and survivin were overexpressed. Notably, Mel therapy and EtOH intake promoted apoptosis along with the upregulation of p53, BAX, and cleaved caspase-3. Fragmentation of DNA observed by TUNEL-positive nuclei was also enhanced following Mel treatment. In addition, Bcl-2 was downregulated by the EtOH intake and lower survivin levels were observed after Mel therapy. Taken together, these results suggest that Mel induce apoptosis in OC cells of EtOH-preferring animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo A Chuffa
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Michelly S Alves
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Martinez
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Isabel Cristina C Camargo
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Patricia F F Pinheiro
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Raquel F Domeniconi
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio L Júnior
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Francisco Eduardo Martinez
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
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18
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Simão VA, Berloffa Belardin L, Araújo Leite GA, de Almeida Chuffa LG, Camargo ICC. Effects of different doses of nandrolone decanoate on estrous cycle and ovarian tissue of rats after treatment and recovery periods. Int J Exp Pathol 2015; 96:338-49. [PMID: 26575430 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that different doses of nandrolone decanoate (ND) will cause changes in the estrous cycle and ovarian tissue of adult rats; and investigated the duration of the recovery period that is sufficient to restore the damage in the animals treated with different doses. Wistar rats were treated with ND at doses of 1.87, 3.75, 7.5 and 15 mg/kg body weight, or received mineral oil (control group) for 15 days, subcutaneously. All animals were divided into three groups according to the treatment periods: (i) ND treatment for 15 days; (ii) ND treatment followed by a 30-day recovery; and (iii) ND treatment followed by a 60-day recovery. Estrous cycle was monitored daily, and at the end of each period, the animals were euthanized for histopathological analysis. During ND treatment and after 30-day recovery, all animals exhibited persistent diestrus. After a 60-day recovery, persistent diestrus was only maintained in the group that had received the highest dose. Ovarian weight was decreased significantly after the 30-day recovery, regardless of ND doses, compared with the control group. There was a reduction (P < 0.05) in the number of corpora lutea and antral and growing follicles, in contrast to an increase (P < 0.05) in atretic follicles in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Remarkable histopathological changes occurred in the ovaries of all ND-treated groups. In conclusion, the different doses of ND caused changes in the estrous cycle and ovarian tissue of rats, and recovery periods (30 and 60 days) were insufficient to completely restore the damage in the animals treated with the highest dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Augusto Simão
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Assis, Brazil
| | - Larissa Berloffa Belardin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Assis, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Adan Araújo Leite
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Assis, Brazil
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19
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Sarihan ME, Parlakpinar H, Ciftci O, Yilmaz F, Sagir M, Yilmaz O, Ceker G. Protective effects of melatonin against 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced cardiac injury in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 762:214-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Durrant J, Michaelides EB, Rupasinghe T, Tull D, Green MP, Jones TM. Constant illumination reduces circulating melatonin and impairs immune function in the cricket Teleogryllus commodus. PeerJ 2015; 3:e1075. [PMID: 26339535 PMCID: PMC4558066 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to constant light has a range of negative effects on behaviour and physiology, including reduced immune function in both vertebrates and invertebrates. It is proposed that the associated suppression of melatonin (a ubiquitous hormone and powerful antioxidant) in response to the presence of light at night could be an underlying mechanistic link driving the changes to immune function. Here, we investigated the relationship between constant illumination, melatonin and immune function, using a model invertebrate species, the Australian black field cricket, Teleogryllus commodus. Crickets were reared under either a 12 h light: 12 h dark regimen or a constant 24 h light regimen. Circulating melatonin concentration and immune function (haemocyte concentration, lytic activity and phenoloxidase (PO) activity) were assessed in individual adult crickets through the analysis of haemolymph. Constant illumination reduced melatonin and had a negative impact on haemocyte concentrations and lytic activity, but its effect on PO activity was less apparent. Our data provide the first evidence, to our knowledge, of a link between exposure to constant illumination and variation in haemocyte concentration in an invertebrate model, while also highlighting the potential complexity of the immune response following exposure to constant illumination. This study provides insight into the possible negative effect of artificial night-time lighting on the physiology of invertebrates, but whether lower and potentially more ecologically relevant levels of light at night produce comparable results, as has been reported in several vertebrate taxa, remains to be tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Durrant
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
| | - Ellie B Michaelides
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
| | - Thusitha Rupasinghe
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
| | - Dedreia Tull
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
| | - Mark P Green
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
| | - Therésa M Jones
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
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21
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Melatonin attenuates the TLR4-mediated inflammatory response through MyD88- and TRIF-dependent signaling pathways in an in vivo model of ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:34. [PMID: 25655081 PMCID: PMC4322437 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1032-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are effector molecules expressed on the surface of ovarian cancer (OC) cells, but the functions of the TLR2/TLR4 signaling pathways in these cells remain unclear. Melatonin (mel) acts as an anti-inflammatory factor and has been reported to modulate TLRs in some aggressive tumor cell types. Therefore, we investigated OC and the effect of long-term mel therapy on the signaling pathways mediated by TLR2 and TLR4 via myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and toll-like receptor-associated activator of interferon (TRIF) in an ethanol-preferring rat model. Methods To induce OC, the left ovary of animals either consuming 10% (v/v) ethanol or not was injected directly under the bursa with a single dose of 100 μg of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) dissolved in 10 μL of sesame oil. The right ovaries were used as sham-surgery controls. After developing OC, half of the animals received i.p. injections of mel (200 μg/100 g b.w./day) for 60 days. Results Although mel therapy was unable to reduce TLR2 levels, it was able to suppress the OC-associated increase in the levels of the following proteins: TLR4, MyD88, nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB p65), inhibitor of NFkB alpha (IkBα), IkB kinase alpha (IKK-α), TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), TRIF, interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), interferon β (IFN-β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-6. In addition, mel significantly attenuated the expression of IkBα, NFkB p65, TRIF and IRF-3, which are involved in TLR4-mediated signaling in OC during ethanol intake. Conclusion Collectively, our results suggest that mel attenuates the TLR4-induced MyD88- and TRIF-dependent signaling pathways in ethanol-preferring rats with OC.
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Ferreira GM, Martinez M, Camargo ICC, Domeniconi RF, Martinez FE, Chuffa LGA. Melatonin Attenuates Her-2, p38 MAPK, p-AKT, and mTOR Levels in Ovarian Carcinoma of Ethanol-Preferring Rats. J Cancer 2014; 5:728-35. [PMID: 25368672 PMCID: PMC4216796 DOI: 10.7150/jca.10196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptors 2 (Her-2) and 4 (Her-4) are closely associated with ovarian cancer (OC) progression and metastasis, and a more complete understanding of these signaling pathways allow the development of new therapeutic strategies. Melatonin (Mel) is recognized as having several anticancer properties and has been reported to modulate Her-2 system in aggressive tumors. Here, we investigated OC and the role of Mel therapy on the Her-2- and Her-4-signaling pathway related to downstream molecules in an ethanol-preferring rat model. To induce OC, the left ovary was injected directly with a single dose of 100 µg 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) dissolved in 10 µL of sesame oil under the bursa. Right ovaries were used as sham-surgery controls. After developing OC, half of the animals received i.p. injections of Mel (200 µg/100 g b.w./day) for 60 days. While Mel therapy was unable to reduce Her-4 and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) levels, it was able to suppress the OC-related increase in the levels of the Her-2, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK), protein kinase B (phospho-AKT), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). In addition, Mel significantly attenuated the expression of Her-2, p38 MAPK, and p-AKT, which are involved in OC signaling during ethanol intake. Collectively, our results suggest that Mel attenuates the Her-2-signaling pathway in OC of ethanol-preferring rats, providing an effective contribution for further development of adjuvant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazielle M Ferreira
- 1. Department of Anatomy, Biosciences Institute, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil, 18618-970
| | - Marcelo Martinez
- 2. Department of Morphology and Pathology, UFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos-SP, Brazil, 13565-905
| | - Isabel Cristina C Camargo
- 3. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Assis-SP, Brazil, 19806-900
| | - Raquel F Domeniconi
- 1. Department of Anatomy, Biosciences Institute, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil, 18618-970
| | - Francisco Eduardo Martinez
- 1. Department of Anatomy, Biosciences Institute, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil, 18618-970
| | - Luiz Gustavo A Chuffa
- 1. Department of Anatomy, Biosciences Institute, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil, 18618-970
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23
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Pai SA, Majumdar AS. Protective effects of melatonin against metabolic and reproductive disturbances in polycystic ovary syndrome in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 66:1710-21. [PMID: 25176048 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was undertaken to study the effects of melatonin on metabolic and reproductive aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in rats. METHODS PCOS was induced by daily subcutaneous administration of testosterone (20 mg/kg) to 21-day-old female rats for 35 days. Rats were given metformin (500 mg/kg), melatonin (1 mg/kg) or melatonin (2 mg/kg) along with testosterone. One group served as vehicle control. On the 36th day, the animals were euthanised, and anthropometrical, biochemical (glucose, insulin, lipids, testosterone, C reactive protein (CRP)), oral glucose tolerance test, and histopathological evaluation of ovaries, uterus and intraabdominal fat (IAF), were carried out. Daily colpocytological examination was carried out from 14(th) day of study until termination. KEY FINDINGS Both the doses of melatonin significantly reduced body weight, body mass index, IAF, insulin and CRP. A favourable lipid profile, normal glucose tolerance and a decrease in the percentage of estrus smears were observed. Histopathological examination of ovary, uterus and IAF revealed a decrease in the number of cystic follicles, decrease in neoplastic endometrial glands, and decrease in adipocyte hypertrophy, respectively. The effects observed with melatonin were comparable to that with metformin. CONCLUSION The study provides evidence of the potential beneficial effects of melatonin in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarayu A Pai
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
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24
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Chuffa LGA, Fioruci-Fontanelli BA, Mendes LO, Fávaro WJ, Pinheiro PFF, Martinez M, Martinez FE. Characterization of chemically induced ovarian carcinomas in an ethanol-preferring rat model: influence of long-term melatonin treatment. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81676. [PMID: 24367487 PMCID: PMC3867328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer deaths among women, and chronic alcoholism may exert co-carcinogenic effects. Because melatonin (mel) has oncostatic properties, we aimed to investigate and characterize the chemical induction of ovarian tumors in a model of ethanol-preferring rats and to verify the influence of mel treatment on the overall features of these tumors. After rats were selected to receive ethanol (EtOH), they were surgically injected with 100 µg of 7,12-dimethyl-benz[a]anthracene (DMBA) plus sesame oil directly under the left ovarian bursa. At 260 days old, half of the animals received i.p. injections of 200 µg mel/100 g b.w. for 60 days. Four experimental groups were established: Group C, rats bearing ovarian carcinomas (OC); Group C+EtOH, rats voluntarily consuming 10% (v/v) EtOH and bearing OC; Group C+M, rats bearing OC and receiving mel; and Group C+EtOH+M, rats with OC consuming EtOH and receiving mel. Estrous cycle and nutritional parameters were evaluated, and anatomopathological analyses of the ovarian tumors were conducted. The incidence of ovarian tumors was higher in EtOH drinking animals 120 days post-DMBA administration, and mel efficiently reduced the prevalence of some aggressive tumors. Although mel promoted high EtOH consumption, it was effective in synchronizing the estrous cycle and reducing ovarian tumor mass by 20%. While rats in the C group displayed cysts containing serous fluid, C+EtOH rats showed solid tumor masses. After mel treatment, the ovaries of these rats presented as soft and mobile tissues. EtOH consumption increased the incidence of serous papillary carcinomas and sarcomas but not clear cell carcinomas. In contrast, mel reduced the incidence of sarcomas, endometrioid carcinomas and cystic teratomas. Combination of DMBA with EtOH intake potentiated the incidence of OC with malignant histologic subtypes. We concluded that mel reduces ovarian masses and the incidence of adenocarcinomas in ethanol-deprived rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo A. Chuffa
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Beatriz A. Fioruci-Fontanelli
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas – UNICAMP, Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo O. Mendes
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas – UNICAMP, Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Wagner J. Fávaro
- Departamento de Anatomia, Biologia Celular e Fisiologia e Biofísica, UNICAMP – Universidade de Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Martinez
- Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, UFSCar – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Eduardo Martinez
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP, Brazil
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Melatonin and ethanol intake exert opposite effects on circulating estradiol and progesterone and differentially regulate sex steroid receptors in the ovaries, oviducts, and uteri of adult rats. Reprod Toxicol 2013; 39:40-9. [PMID: 23591044 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic ethanol intake is associated with sex hormone disturbances, and it is well known that melatonin plays a key role in regulating several reproductive processes. We report the effects of ethanol intake and melatonin treatment (at doses of 100 μg/100 g BW/day) on sex hormones and steroid receptors in the ovaries, oviducts and uteri of ethanol-preferring rats. After 150 days of treatment, animals were euthanized, and tissue samples were harvested to evaluate androgen, estrogen, progesterone and melatonin receptor subunits (AR, ER-α and ER-β, PRA, PRB and MT1R, respectively). Melatonin decreased estradiol (E2) and increased progesterone (P4) and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6-STM), while an ethanol-melatonin combination reduced both P4 and E2. Ovarian AR was not influenced by either treatment, and oviduct AR was reduced after ethanol-melatonin combination. Oviduct ER-α, ER-β and uterine ER-β were down-regulated by either ethanol or melatonin. Conversely, ovarian PRA and PRB were positively regulated by ethanol and ethanol-melatonin combination, whereas PRA was down-regulated in the uterus and oviduct after ethanol consumption. MT1R was increased in ovaries and uteri of melatonin-treated rats. Ethanol and melatonin exert opposite effects on E2 and P4, and they differentially regulate the expression of sex steroid receptors in female reproductive tissues.
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Bhatti P, Cushing-Haugen KL, Wicklund KG, Doherty JA, Rossing MA. Nightshift work and risk of ovarian cancer. Occup Environ Med 2013; 70:231-7. [PMID: 23343856 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2012-101146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Animal evidence suggests that circadian disruption may be associated with ovarian cancer, though very little epidemiological work has been done to assess this potential association. We evaluated the association between self-reported nightshift work, a known circadian disruptor, and ovarian cancer in a population-based case-control study. METHODS The study included 1101 women with invasive epithelial ovarian cancer, 389 women with borderline epithelial ovarian tumours and 1832 controls and was conducted in western Washington state. Shift work data were collected as part of inperson interviews. RESULTS Working the nightshift was associated with an increased risk of invasive (OR=1.24, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.49) and borderline (OR=1.48, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.90) tumours; however, we observed little evidence that risks increased with increasing cumulative duration of nightshift work, and risks were not elevated in the highest duration category (>7 nightshift work-years). Increased risks were restricted to women who were 50 years of age and older and to serous and mucinous histologies of invasive and borderline tumours. There was suggestive evidence of a decreased risk of ovarian cancer among women reporting a preference for activity during evenings rather than mornings. CONCLUSIONS We found evidence suggesting an association between shift work and ovarian cancer. This observation should be followed up in future studies incorporating detailed assessments of diurnal preference (ie, chronotype) in addition to detailed data on shift schedules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Bhatti
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
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27
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A Chuffa LG, Seiva FRF, Fávaro WJ, Teixeira GR, Amorim JPA, Mendes LO, Fioruci BA, Pinheiro PFF, Fernandes AAH, Franci JAA, Delella FK, Martinez M, Martinez FE. Melatonin reduces LH, 17 beta-estradiol and induces differential regulation of sex steroid receptors in reproductive tissues during rat ovulation. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2011; 9:108. [PMID: 21810236 PMCID: PMC3161940 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-9-108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin is associated with direct or indirect actions upon female reproductive function. However, its effects on sex hormones and steroid receptors during ovulation are not clearly defined. This study aimed to verify whether exposure to long-term melatonin is able to cause reproductive hormonal disturbances as well as their role on sex steroid receptors in the rat ovary, oviduct and uterus during ovulation. METHODS Twenty-four adult Wistar rats, 60 days old (+/-250 g) were randomly divided into two groups. Control group (Co): received 0.9% NaCl 0.3 mL+95% ethanol 0.04 mL as vehicle; Melatonin-treated group (MEL): received vehicle+melatonin [100 μg/100 g BW/day] both intraperitoneally during 60 days. All animals were euthanized by decapitation during the morning estrus at 4 a.m. RESULTS Melatonin significantly reduced the plasma levels of LH and 17 beta-estradiol, while urinary 6-sulfatoximelatonin (STM) was increased at the morning estrus. In addition, melatonin promoted differential regulation of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), androgen receptor (AR) and melatonin receptor (MTR) along the reproductive tissues. In ovary, melatonin induced a down-regulation of ER-alpha and PRB levels. Conversely, it was observed that PRA and MT1R were up-regulated. In oviduct, AR and ER-alpha levels were down-regulated, in contrast to high expression of both PRA and PRB. Finally, the ER-beta and PRB levels were down-regulated in uterus tissue and only MT1R was up-regulated. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that melatonin partially suppress the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis, in addition, it induces differential regulation of sex steroid receptors in the ovary, oviduct and uterus during ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo A Chuffa
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas-SP 13083-863, Brazil
- Department of Anatomy, Bioscience Institute, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP 18618-000, Brazil
| | - Fábio RF Seiva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bioscience Institute, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP 18618-000, Brazil
| | - Wagner José Fávaro
- Department of Anatomy, Bioscience Institute, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP 18618-000, Brazil
| | - Giovana R Teixeira
- Department of Anatomy, Bioscience Institute, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP 18618-000, Brazil
| | - João PA Amorim
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas-SP 13083-863, Brazil
- Department of Anatomy, Bioscience Institute, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP 18618-000, Brazil
| | - Leonardo O Mendes
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas-SP 13083-863, Brazil
- Department of Anatomy, Bioscience Institute, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP 18618-000, Brazil
| | - Beatriz A Fioruci
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas-SP 13083-863, Brazil
- Department of Anatomy, Bioscience Institute, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP 18618-000, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Angélica H Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bioscience Institute, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP 18618-000, Brazil
| | - Janete AA Franci
- Department of Morphology, Stomatology and Physiology, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP 14040-900, Brazil
| | - Flávia K Delella
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas-SP 13083-863, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Martinez
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, UFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos-SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Francisco E Martinez
- Department of Anatomy, Bioscience Institute, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu-SP 18618-000, Brazil
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28
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Chuffa LGA, Amorim JPA, Teixeira GR, Mendes LO, Fioruci BA, Pinheiro PFF, Seiva FRF, Novelli ELB, de Mello Júnior W, Martinez M, Almeida-Francia CCD, Martinez FE. Long-term exogenous melatonin treatment modulates overall feed efficiency and protects ovarian tissue against injuries caused by ethanol-induced oxidative stress in adult UChB rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2011; 35:1498-508. [PMID: 21438888 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01486.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic ethanol intake leads to reproductive damage including reactive oxygen species formation, which accelerates the oxidative process. Melatonin is known to regulate the reproductive cycle, food/liquid intake, and it may also act as a potent antioxidant indoleamine. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of alcoholism and melatonin treatment on overall feed efficiency and to analyze its protective role against the oxidative stress in the ovarian tissue of UChB rats (submitted to 10% [v/v] voluntary ethanol consumption). METHODS Forty adult female rats (n = 10/group) were finally selected for this study: UChB Co: drinking water only; and UChB EtOH: drinking ethanol at 2 to 6 ml/100 g/d + water, both receiving 0.9% NaCl + 95% ethanol 0.04 ml as vehicle. Concomitantly, UChB Co + M and UChB EtOH + M groups were infused with vehicle + melatonin (100 μg/100 g body weight/d) intraperitoneally over 60 days. All animals were euthanized by decapitation during the morning estrus (4 am). RESULTS Body weight gain was reduced with ethanol plus melatonin after 40 days of treatment. In both melatonin-treated groups, it was observed a reduction in food-derived calories and liquid intake toward the end of treatment. The amount of consumed ethanol dropped during the treatment. Estrous cycle was longer in rats that received both ethanol and melatonin, with prolonged diestrus. Following to oxidative status, lipid hydroperoxide levels were higher in the ovaries of ethanol-preferring rats and decreased after melatonin treatment. Additionally, antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase activity, and glutathione reductase activity were increased in melatonin-treated groups. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that melatonin is able to affect feed efficiency and, conversely, it protects the ovaries against the oxidative stress arising from ethanol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo A Chuffa
- Structural and Cell Biology Program, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
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