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Faria AM, Araújo ICS, Ferreira LL, Bastos TSA, Figueira SV, de Souza Almeida AM, Andrade MA, Linhares GFC. Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and detection of virulence genes of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from white-lipped peccaries and collared peccaries. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:2035-2041. [PMID: 38713279 PMCID: PMC11153414 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli are implicated in human and animal infections and require antimicrobial treatment in many situations. Faecal samples of healthy white-lipped peccaries (Pecari tajacu) (n = 30) and collared peccaries (Tayassu pecari ) (n = 60) obtained in three farms located in the Midwest Brazil. The antimicrobial profiles of commensal E. coli from P. tajacu and T. pecari from commercial herds in Brazil were isolated and analyzed and virulence genes were detected. Among 90 healthy animals, no Salmonella spp. were isolated. However, 30 samples (27%) tested positive for E. coli, with 18 isolates from P. tajacu and 12 from T. pecari, representing frequencies of 58.0% and 38.7%, respectively. Additionally, other Enterobacteriaceae family bacteria were detected but not included in this analysis. However, individual samples from 30 animals tested positive for E. coli, of which 16 were isolated from P. tajacu presenting multidrug resistance and six were isolated from T. pecari presenting a similar pattern. The E. coli virulence genes detected were papC (pilus-associated pyelonephritis) in five isolates, tsh (temperature-sensitive hemagglutinin) in one isolate, and eae (enteric attachment and effacement) in one isolate. The serum resistance gene, iss (increased serum survival), was detected in four isolates. An association between these genes and the presence of hemolysin was also observed in one isolate. Thus, T. pecari and P. tajacu are potential reservoirs of pathogenic and multidrug-resistant and E. coli. Faecal E. coli of healthy P. tajacu and T. pecari could act as a possible reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes in environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Marques Faria
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Itallo Conrado Sousa Araújo
- Department of Animal Science, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal deMinas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thiago Souza Azeredo Bastos
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Samantha Verdi Figueira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria de Souza Almeida
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Maria Auxiliadora Andrade
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Silva JN, Baliza MD, Freitas F, Cruz ES, Camilo VMA, Silva IMM. Genotypical characterization of thermotolerant coliforms isolated from food produced by a Solidarity Economic Venture of Bahia (Brazil). BRAZ J BIOL 2020; 81:189-194. [PMID: 32267294 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.226833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many Solidarity Economic Venture (SEV) are family farmers who seek to add value to production through artisanal processing, which can lead to food contamination. Thus, this study aimed to genotypically characterize thermotolerant coliforms (TtC) strains from food produced by local agribusinesses of SEV during January to April 2019. Samples from thirteen production units (PU) from the SEV were submitted to a microbiological analysis of thermotolerant coliforms (AFNOR 3M1/2 - 09/89), using a fast count method in Petrifilm™ dishes. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique was used to verify the following virulence genes (VGs) associated with Escherichia coli: stx, typical from enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC); bfpA typical from entheropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and elt and slt, typical from entherotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). The results showed that two samples of queijadinha (typical Brazilian candy made with eggs and coconut) and one sample of cassava cake presented characteristic colonies TtC. This way, three strains were isolated in order to perform the PCR technique. However, the genes used in the reaction were not detected in the isolated strains. Therefore, it is suggested that the isolated strains are from E. coli pathotypes with different virulence genes than the ones analyzed belong other types of TtC, such as Enterobacter and Klebsiella. Although the virulence of genes has not been confirmed, the presence of TtC on food indicates hygiene flaws during production and, therefore, measurements to control and prevent contamination should be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Ambientais e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Rua Rui Barbosa, 710, Centro, CEP 44380-000, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brasil
| | - M D Baliza
- Complexo Multidisciplinar de Estudos e Pesquisa em Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde - COMEPS, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Avenida Carlos Amaral, R. do Cajueiro, 1015, CEP 44570-000, Santo Antônio de Jesus, BA, Brasil
| | - F Freitas
- Complexo Multidisciplinar de Estudos e Pesquisa em Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde - COMEPS, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Avenida Carlos Amaral, R. do Cajueiro, 1015, CEP 44570-000, Santo Antônio de Jesus, BA, Brasil
| | - E S Cruz
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Ambientais e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Rua Rui Barbosa, 710, Centro, CEP 44380-000, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brasil.,Complexo Multidisciplinar de Estudos e Pesquisa em Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde - COMEPS, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Avenida Carlos Amaral, R. do Cajueiro, 1015, CEP 44570-000, Santo Antônio de Jesus, BA, Brasil
| | - V M A Camilo
- Complexo Multidisciplinar de Estudos e Pesquisa em Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde - COMEPS, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Avenida Carlos Amaral, R. do Cajueiro, 1015, CEP 44570-000, Santo Antônio de Jesus, BA, Brasil
| | - I M M Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Ambientais e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Rua Rui Barbosa, 710, Centro, CEP 44380-000, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brasil.,Complexo Multidisciplinar de Estudos e Pesquisa em Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde - COMEPS, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Avenida Carlos Amaral, R. do Cajueiro, 1015, CEP 44570-000, Santo Antônio de Jesus, BA, Brasil
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Barbosa CA, Conceição TA, Baliza MD, Camilo VMA, Juiz PJL, Silva IMM. Virulence genes in Escherichia coli isolates from commercialized saltwater mussels Mytella guyanensis (Lamarck, 1819). BRAZ J BIOL 2019; 79:625-628. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.185930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The isolation of Escherichia coli from food is a major concern. Pathogenic strains of these bacteria cause diseases which range from diarrhea to hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Therefore the virulence genes in E. coli isolates from the mussel ( Mytella guyanensis) commercialized in Cachoeira, Bahia, Brazil were investigated. Samples were purchased from four vendors: two from supermarkets and two from fair outlets. They were conditioned into isothermal boxes with reusable ice and transported to the laboratory for analysis. E. coli strains were isolated in eosin methylene blue agar, preserved in brain-heart infusion medium with 15% glycerol and stored at -20 °C, after microbiological analysis. Virulence genes in the isolated strains were identified by specific primers, with Polymerase Chain Reaction. Twenty-four isolates were obtained, with a prevalence of elt gene, typical from enterotoxigenic infection, in 75% of the isolates. The stx and bfpA genes, prevalent in enterohemorragic and enteropathogenic E. coli, respectively, were not detected. The occurrence of elt virulence-related gene in the E. coli isolates of Mytella guyanensis reveals urgent improvement in food processing, including good handling practices, adequate storage and cooking before consumption, to ensure consumer’s health.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. A. Barbosa
- Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Brasil
| | | | - M. D. Baliza
- Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Brasil
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De Carli S, Ikuta N, Lehmann FKM, da Silveira VP, de Melo Predebon G, Fonseca ASK, Lunge VR. Virulence gene content in Escherichia coli isolates from poultry flocks with clinical signs of colibacillosis in Brazil. Poult Sci 2015; 94:2635-40. [PMID: 26371329 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a commensal bacterium of the bird's intestinal tract, but it can invade different tissues resulting in systemic symptoms (colibacillosis). This disease occurs only when the E. coli infecting strain presents virulence factors (encoded by specific genes) that enable the adhesion and proliferation in the host organism. Thus, it is important to differentiate pathogenic (APEC, avian pathogenic E. coli) and non-pathogenic or fecal (AFEC, avian fecal E. coli) isolates. Previous studies analyzed the occurrence of virulence factors in E. coli strains isolated from birds with colibacillosis, demonstrating a high frequency of the bacterial genes cvaC, iroN, iss, iutA, sitA, tsh, fyuA, irp-2, ompT and hlyF in pathogenic strains. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence and frequency of these virulence genes in E. coli isolated from poultry flocks in Brazil. A total of 138 isolates of E. coli was obtained from samples of different tissues and/or organs (spleen, liver, kidney, trachea, lungs, skin, ovary, oviduct, intestine, cloaca) and environmental swabs collected from chicken and turkey flocks suspected to have colibacillosis in farms from the main Brazilian producing regions. Total DNA was extracted and the 10 virulence genes were detected by traditional and/or real-time PCR. At least 11 samples of each gene were sequenced and compared to reference strains. All 10 virulence factors were detected in Brazilian E. coli isolates, with frequencies ranging from 39.9% (irp-2) to 68.8% (hlyF and sitA). Moreover, a high nucleotide similarity (over 99%) was observed between gene sequences of Brazilian isolates and reference strains. Seventy-nine isolates were defined as pathogenic (APEC) and 59 as fecal (AFEC) based on previously described criteria. In conclusion, the main virulence genes of the reference E. coli strains are also present in isolates associated with colibacillosis in Brazil. The analysis of this set of virulence factors can be used to differentiate between APEC and AFEC isolates in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia De Carli
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha, 8001, Prédio 22, Sala 312, Bairro São José, CEP 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Nilo Ikuta
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha, 8001, Prédio 22, Sala 312, Bairro São José, CEP 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil Simbios Biotecnologia, Rua Cai, 541, Vila Princesa Izabel, CEP 94940-030, Cachoeirinha, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Kieling Moreira Lehmann
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha, 8001, Prédio 22, Sala 312, Bairro São José, CEP 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Proença da Silveira
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha, 8001, Prédio 22, Sala 312, Bairro São José, CEP 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Melo Predebon
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha, 8001, Prédio 22, Sala 312, Bairro São José, CEP 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Vagner Ricardo Lunge
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha, 8001, Prédio 22, Sala 312, Bairro São José, CEP 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil Simbios Biotecnologia, Rua Cai, 541, Vila Princesa Izabel, CEP 94940-030, Cachoeirinha, RS, Brazil
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Lima-Filho JV, Martins LV, Nascimento DCDO, Ventura RF, Batista JEC, Silva AFB, Ralph MT, Vaz RV, Rabello CBV, Silva IDMMD, Evêncio-Neto J. Zoonotic potential of multidrug-resistant extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli obtained from healthy poultry carcasses in Salvador, Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis 2013; 17:54-61. [PMID: 23290470 PMCID: PMC9427334 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The zoonotic potential to cause human and/or animal infections among multidrug-resistant extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli from avian origin was investigated. Twenty-seven extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli isolates containing the increased survival gene (iss) were obtained from the livers of healthy and diseased poultry carcasses at two slaughterhouses in Salvador, northeastern Brazil. The antimicrobial resistance-susceptibility profiles were conducted with antibiotics of avian and/or human use by the standardized disc-diffusion method. Antimicrobial resistance was higher for levofloxacin (51.8%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (70.4%), ampicillin (81.5%), cefalotin (88.8%), tetracycline (100%) and streptomycin (100%). The minimum inhibitory concentrations above the resistance breakpoints of doxycycline, neomycin, oxytetracycline and enrofloxacin reached, respectively, 88.0%, 100%, 75% and 91.7% of the isolates. Strains with high and low antimicrobial resistance were i.p. administered to Swiss mice, and histopathological examination was carried out seven days after infection. Resistance to goat and human serum complement was also evaluated. The results show that Swiss mice challenged with strain 2B (resistant to 11 antimicrobials) provoked a severe degeneration of hepatocytes besides lymphocytic infiltration in the liver, whereas the spleen showed areas of degeneration of the white and red pulp. Conversely, the spleen and liver of mice challenged with strain 4A (resistant to two antimicrobials) were morphologically preserved. In addition, complement resistance to goat and human serum was high for strain 2B and low for strain 4A. Our data show that multidrug resistance and pathogenesis can be correlated in extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli strains obtained from apparently healthy poultry carcasses, increasing the risk for human public healthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Vitor Lima-Filho
- Department of Biology, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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