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Guadarrama-Escobar OR, Valdés-Alvarez CA, Constantino-Gonzalez KS, Serrano-Castañeda P, Peña-Juárez MC, Morales-Florido MI, Salgado-Machuca M, Rodríguez-Pérez B, Rodriguez-Cruz IM, Vargas-Estrada D, Mercado-Márquez C, Vázquez-Durán A, Méndez-Albores A, Anguíano-Almazán E, Escobar-Chavez JJ. Design and Characterization of Ocular Inserts Loaded with Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Inflammatory Ophthalmic Disease. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:294. [PMID: 38399348 PMCID: PMC10892931 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The short precorneal residence time of ophthalmic drops is associated with their low absorption; therefore, the development of ocular inserts capable of prolonging and controlling the ophthalmic release of drugs is an interesting option in the design and development of these drugs. A surface response design was developed, specifically the Central Composite Design (CCD), to produce ophthalmic films loaded with Dexamethasone (DEX) by the solvent evaporation method having experimental levels of different concentrations of previously selected polymers (PVP K-30 and Eudragit RS100.). Once optimization of the formulation was obtained, the in vivo test was continued. The optimal formulation obtained a thickness of 0.265 ± 0.095 mm, pH of 7.11 ± 0.04, tensile strength of 15.50 ± 3.94 gF, humidity (%) of 22.54 ± 1.7, mucoadhesion strength of 16.89 ± 3.46 gF, chemical content (%) of 98.19 ± 1.124, release of (%) 13,510.71, and swelling of 0.0403 ± 0.023 g; furthermore, in the in vivo testing the number and residence time of PMN cells were lower compared to the Ophthalmic Drops. The present study confirms the potential use of polymeric systems using PVPK30 and ERS100 as a new strategy of controlled release of ophthalmic drugs by controlling and prolonging the release of DEX at the affected site by decreasing the systemic effects of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Rodrigo Guadarrama-Escobar
- Unidad de Investigacion Multidisciplinaria L-12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, Km 2.5 San Sebastian Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (O.R.G.-E.); (C.A.V.-A.); (K.S.C.-G.); (P.S.-C.); (M.C.P.-J.); (M.I.M.-F.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.)
| | - Cassandra Araceli Valdés-Alvarez
- Unidad de Investigacion Multidisciplinaria L-12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, Km 2.5 San Sebastian Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (O.R.G.-E.); (C.A.V.-A.); (K.S.C.-G.); (P.S.-C.); (M.C.P.-J.); (M.I.M.-F.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.)
| | - Karla Stella Constantino-Gonzalez
- Unidad de Investigacion Multidisciplinaria L-12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, Km 2.5 San Sebastian Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (O.R.G.-E.); (C.A.V.-A.); (K.S.C.-G.); (P.S.-C.); (M.C.P.-J.); (M.I.M.-F.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.)
| | - Pablo Serrano-Castañeda
- Unidad de Investigacion Multidisciplinaria L-12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, Km 2.5 San Sebastian Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (O.R.G.-E.); (C.A.V.-A.); (K.S.C.-G.); (P.S.-C.); (M.C.P.-J.); (M.I.M.-F.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.)
| | - Ma. Concepción Peña-Juárez
- Unidad de Investigacion Multidisciplinaria L-12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, Km 2.5 San Sebastian Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (O.R.G.-E.); (C.A.V.-A.); (K.S.C.-G.); (P.S.-C.); (M.C.P.-J.); (M.I.M.-F.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.)
| | - Miriam Isabel Morales-Florido
- Unidad de Investigacion Multidisciplinaria L-12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, Km 2.5 San Sebastian Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (O.R.G.-E.); (C.A.V.-A.); (K.S.C.-G.); (P.S.-C.); (M.C.P.-J.); (M.I.M.-F.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.)
- Laboratorio de Farmacia Molecular y Liberación Controlada, Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Xochimilco 04960, Mexico
| | - Mariana Salgado-Machuca
- Unidad de Investigacion Multidisciplinaria L-12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, Km 2.5 San Sebastian Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (O.R.G.-E.); (C.A.V.-A.); (K.S.C.-G.); (P.S.-C.); (M.C.P.-J.); (M.I.M.-F.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.)
| | - Betsabe Rodríguez-Pérez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L-6 (Laboratorio de Servicios de Análisis de Propóleos), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico;
| | - Isabel Marlen Rodriguez-Cruz
- Unidad de Enseñanza e Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Zumpango, Carretera Zumpango-Jilotzingo # 400, Barrio de Santiago, 2a Sección, Zumpango 55600, Mexico;
| | - Dinorah Vargas-Estrada
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Crisóforo Mercado-Márquez
- Unidad de Aislamiento y Bioterio, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico;
| | - Alma Vázquez-Durán
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Ciencia y Tecnología de los Materiales), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (A.V.-D.); (A.M.-A.)
| | - Abraham Méndez-Albores
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Ciencia y Tecnología de los Materiales), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (A.V.-D.); (A.M.-A.)
| | - Ericka Anguíano-Almazán
- Unidad de Investigacion Multidisciplinaria L-12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, Km 2.5 San Sebastian Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (O.R.G.-E.); (C.A.V.-A.); (K.S.C.-G.); (P.S.-C.); (M.C.P.-J.); (M.I.M.-F.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.)
| | - José Juan Escobar-Chavez
- Unidad de Investigacion Multidisciplinaria L-12, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, Km 2.5 San Sebastian Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (O.R.G.-E.); (C.A.V.-A.); (K.S.C.-G.); (P.S.-C.); (M.C.P.-J.); (M.I.M.-F.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.)
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Singh S, Trakos N, Ali MJ. Developing the rabbit canalicular injury model: Biophysical changes of masterka R stents and implications for future research. Ann Anat 2020; 234:151658. [PMID: 33278580 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2020.151658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To describe the preparation of a rabbit lacrimal canalicular injury model, assess the canalicular healing, and determine the suitability of this model to study the biophysical changes of mono-canalicular stents. METHODS Twelve canaliculi of twelve eyes of six healthy New Zealand white rabbits were included in the study. A canalicular injury model was prepared under general anesthesia. The injury was then repaired using modified MasterkaR stents and peri-canalicular wound closure. The stents were extubated at eight weeks, and specific surgical techniques used to obtain the healed canaliculi. Histopathological analysis was carried out on the canaliculi samples, and the stents were examined ultra-structurally using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS At eight weeks, the canaliculus maintained its integrity and demonstrated good healing with epithelium continuity. However, the area of incision and suture showed hyperplastic epithelium with significant sub-epithelial fibrosis. Lacrimal irrigation following stent extubation confirmed patency of all the canalicular systems studied. SEM study revealed the biofilm formation and physical deposits over the external, luminal, and adluminal surfaces of all MasterkaR stents with intervening skip areas. Although these changes were seen all over the stent, the most preferential site for physical deposits and biofilm aggregates was the ampullary portion of the stent's head. None of the rabbits showed any evidence of a post-operative ocular infection or local inflammation. CONCLUSION Rabbits are good candidates for the preparation of a lacrimal canalicular injury model. The canalicular tissues demonstrate changes following repair. The biophysical changes on the extubated stents resembled those obtained from the humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Singh
- Centre for Ocular Regeneration, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Nikolaos Trakos
- Department of Eyelids, Lacrimal and Orbit, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Mohammad Javed Ali
- Govindram Seksaria Institute of Dacryology, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
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