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Engku Abd Rahman ENS, Irekeola AA, Elmi AH, Chua WC, Chan YY. Global prevalence patterns and distribution of Vibrio cholerae: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 176,740 samples. J Infect Public Health 2024; 17:102558. [PMID: 39413666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This global systematic review and meta-analysis of Vibrio cholerae prevalence, covering environmental, food, animal, and human samples, analysed 111 studies from five databases. The meta-analysis, adhering to standard reporting guidelines, revealed a pooled prevalence of 10.6 % (95 % CI; 8.2 - 13.5; I2 = 99.595 %, p < 0.001) from 176,740 samples, including 27,219 cholera cases. Despite significant publication bias (Egger's test, p = 0.00018), prevalence estimate remained stable in leave-one-out analysis. Subgroup analysis showed prevalence varied by region, with Indonesia highest (55.2 %) and Jordan lowest (0.2 %). Asia continent had the highest prevalence (13.9 %), followed by South America (12.1 %), and lowest in Europe (3.8 %). Environmental samples exhibited the highest prevalence (24.9 %), while human samples had the lowest (7.1 %). The pervasive presence of V. cholerae in environmental resources highlights the persistent risk of global cholera outbreaks, necessitating urgent proactive measures and ongoing surveillance for effective cholera control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engku Nur Syafirah Engku Abd Rahman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Adebayo Irekeola
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology Unit, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Summit University Offa, PMB 4412 Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria.
| | - Abdirahman Hussein Elmi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jamhuriya University of Science and Technology, Mogadishu, Somalia.
| | - Wei Chuan Chua
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; Hospital USM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Yean Yean Chan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; Hospital USM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Filizola LRDS, Figueirôa ACTDA, Araújo MCDD, Cavalcanti VDO, Lima CMD, Hofer E. [The importance of circulating vibriocidal antibodies in a pos-epidemic region of diarrhea, São Bento do Una, State of Pernambuco]. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2008; 40:686-9. [PMID: 18200426 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822007000600018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2007] [Accepted: 10/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The levels of vibriocidal antibodies were investigated among 41 adults without any past or present history of diarrhea due to Vibrio cholerae O1 who were living in the municipality of São Bento do Una, Pernambuco. A diarrhea outbreak occurred in this locality at the beginning of 2004, involving multiple bacterial agents, including Vibrio cholerae. The microtitration test was used to investigate the presence of anti-Ogawa and anti-Inaba vibriocidal serum antibodies. Vibriocidal titers e" 1:640 were considered indicative of infection by Vibrio cholerae O1. The frequency of the reagents was 36 (87.8%) for the Ogawa serovar, which showed that Vibrio cholerae O1 was possibly circulating during and/or after the diarrhea epidemic.
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