1
|
Beserra MA, Carlos DM, Leitão MNDC, Ferriani MDGC. Prevalence of school violence and use of alcohol and other drugs in adolescents. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2019; 27:e3110. [PMID: 30916224 PMCID: PMC6432991 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.2124.3110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to analyze the school violence suffered and practiced and its association with the use of alcohol and other drugs in adolescents between 12 and 18 years old. METHOD the study sample consisted of 643 adolescents enrolled in six schools, who answered two self-administered questionnaires: "Global School-based Student Health Survey" and "Violence in School". Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and the degree of association between the variables was analyzed using the prevalence ratio. RESULTS the prevalence of school violence suffered and practiced was 62.2% and 51.9%, respectively. About 44.6% of the aggressors said they did not want to change their behavior. There was an expressive prevalence of alcohol use (16.5%), tobacco (15.7%) and illicit drugs (6.8%), and drunkenness (12.6%). There was a significant association between the violence suffered and the age group of 12 to 14 years old (p=0.001); (p=0.011) and education level in elementary school (p<0.001). In mothers with less than eight years of studies, the association was significant for the violence practiced (p=0.002). CONCLUSION the study contributes to the aspects involved in school violence, which can subsidize actions and policies in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Aparecida Beserra
- Universidade de Pernambuco, Faculdade de Enfermagem Nossa Senhora das Graças, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Diene Monique Carlos
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Maria das Graças Carvalho Ferriani
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Monteiro LZ, Varela AR, Lira BA, Souza PD, Gomes DJDO, Contiero LC, Bonardi JMT. Behavioral health risk profiles of physical education undergraduates. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201900040146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
3
|
Antunes HDA, Rivadeneira-Guerrero MF, Goulart BNGD, Oenning NSX. Familiar factors and illicit drug use among Brazilian adolescents: an analysis of the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE, 2015). CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2018; 34:e00009518. [PMID: 30517308 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00009518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Illicit drug use is related to individual characteristics; however, social and family environments seem to be associated with this consumption. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of the relationships between parents or guardians and Brazilian adolescents that use illicit drugs. This is a cross-sectional study with data from the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE, 2015), in which the target population was school children from the ninth grade (eighth year). A total of 102,072 students were included in the current research, being 52,782 females and 49,290 males. Illicit drug use was the outcome and family relationship factors were the exposure. For adjustments, factors as sociodemographic characteristics, mental health, as well as tobacco and alcohol use were established. Univariate and multivariate analysis stratified by sex was conducted through Poisson regression, with a robust variance estimator to calculate the prevalence ratio and the 95% confidence interval. The general prevalence of illicit drug use was 3.8%; 3.3% among females and 4.4% among males. The following factors increase the prevalence ratio for illicit drug use in adolescents: not living with their parents, not feeling supervised by parents, and skipping classes without parents' consent. Never feeling understood by parents and frequent physical aggressions by family members were also associated with illicit drug use. Family relationships collaborate to illicit drug use among Brazilian adolescents, considering their sociodemographic factors, alcohol and smoking habits and parents and friends' profiles.
Collapse
|
4
|
Pinheiro GP, Souza-Machado CD, Fernandes AGO, Mota RCL, Lima LL, Vasconcellos DDS, Luz Júnior IPD, Silva YRDS, Lima VB, Oliva STD, Mello LMD, Couto RD, Chatkin JM, Cruz CMS, Cruz ÁA. Self-reported smoking status and urinary cotinine levels in patients with asthma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 44:477-485. [PMID: 30304204 PMCID: PMC6459745 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37562017000000018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To determine the frequency of active smoking among patients with asthma and individuals without asthma by self-report and urinary cotinine measurement. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the city of Salvador, Brazil, and involving 1,341 individuals: 498 patients with severe asthma, 417 patients with mild-to-moderate asthma, and 426 individuals without asthma. Smoking status was determined by self-report (with the use of standardized questionnaires) and urinary cotinine measurement. The study variables were compared with the chi-square test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Of the sample as a whole, 55 (4.1%) reported being current smokers. Of those, 5 had severe asthma, 17 had mild-to-moderate asthma, and 33 had no asthma diagnosis. Of the 55 smokers, 32 (58.2%) were daily smokers and 23 (41.8%) were occasional smokers. Urinary cotinine levels were found to be high in self-reported nonsmokers and former smokers, especially among severe asthma patients, a finding that suggests patient nondisclosure of smoking status. Among smokers, a longer smoking history was found in patients with severe asthma when compared with those with mild-to-moderate asthma. In addition, the proportion of former smokers was higher among patients with severe asthma than among those with mild-to-moderate asthma. Conclusions: Former smoking is associated with severe asthma. Current smoking is observed in patients with severe asthma, and patient nondisclosure of smoking status occurs in some cases. Patients with severe asthma should be thoroughly screened for smoking, and findings should be complemented by objective testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Pimentel Pinheiro
- . Programa para o Controle da Asma na Bahia - ProAR - Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA - Salvador (BA) Brasil.,. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA - Salvador (BA) Brasil
| | - Carolina de Souza-Machado
- . Programa para o Controle da Asma na Bahia - ProAR - Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA - Salvador (BA) Brasil.,. Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA - Salvador (BA) Brasil
| | | | | | - Liranei Limoeiro Lima
- . Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA - Salvador (BA) Brasil
| | | | - Ives Pereira da Luz Júnior
- . Laboratório de Química Analítica e Ambiental, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA - Salvador (BA) Brasil
| | | | - Valmar Bião Lima
- . Programa para o Controle da Asma na Bahia - ProAR - Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA - Salvador (BA) Brasil.,. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA - Salvador (BA) Brasil
| | - Sérgio Telles de Oliva
- . Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA - Salvador (BA) Brasil
| | - Luane Marques de Mello
- . Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto (SP) Brasil
| | - Ricardo David Couto
- . Laboratório de Bioquímica Clínica, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA - Salvador (BA) Brasil
| | - José Miguel Chatkin
- . Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (RS) Brasil
| | - Constança Margarida Sampaio Cruz
- . Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde Humana, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador (BA) Brasil.,. Obras Sociais Irmã Dulce, Hospital Santo Antônio, Salvador (BA) Brasil
| | - Álvaro Augusto Cruz
- . Programa para o Controle da Asma na Bahia - ProAR - Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA - Salvador (BA) Brasil.,. Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA - Salvador (BA) Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Moura LRD, Torres LM, Cadete MMM, Cunha CDF. Factors associated with health risk behaviors among Brazilian adolescents: an integrative review. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2018; 52:e03304. [PMID: 29668787 DOI: 10.1590/s1980-220x2017020403304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identifying knowledge about factors associated with health risk behaviors among Brazilian adolescents. METHOD An integrative review of the literature conducted in the Cochrane, IBECS, LILACS, MEDLINE and SciELO databases in relation to risk behaviors recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS Thirty-seven (37) studies were analyzed, with a predominance of risky sexual behavior, tobacco use and violent behavior. Advancing age favored unprotected sex, alcohol and tobacco use. Family and friends influence was related to smoking and alcoholism. Males were more involved in situations of violence and the female gender was associated with physical inactivity. Belonging to a lower economic class was related to unprotected sex, physical inactivity, unhealthy dietary behaviors and violence. Studying in private school was related to unhealthy dietary behavior. CONCLUSION Risk behaviors were related to social, economic and family factors and they tend to agglomerate.
Collapse
|
6
|
Fernandes SDSC, Andrade CRD, Alvim CG, Camargos PAM, Ibiapina CDC. Epidemiological trends of allergic diseases in adolescents. J Bras Pneumol 2018; 43:368-372. [PMID: 29160383 PMCID: PMC5790655 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37562016000000255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the prevalences of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in adolescents in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, in 2012 by administering the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire, as well as to compare the observed prevalences with those found in studies performed 10 years earlier and employing the same methodology used here. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between May and December of 2012 and involving adolescents in the 13- to 14-year age bracket. Participants were randomly selected from among adolescents studying at public schools in Belo Horizonte and completed the ISAAC questionnaire. Proportions were calculated in order to assess the prevalences of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in the sample as a whole, and the chi-square goodness-of-fit test was used in order to compare the prevalences observed in 2012 with those found in 2002. Results: The prevalences of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in 2012 were 19.8%, 35.3%, and 16.3%, respectively, being significantly higher than those found in 2002 (asthma, p = 0.006; allergic rhinitis, p < 0.01; and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, p = 0.002). Conclusions: The prevalences of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis among adolescents in 2012 were found to be high, having increased in comparison with those found 10 years earlier, despite efforts in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cláudia Ribeiro de Andrade
- . Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
| | - Cristina Gonçalves Alvim
- . Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
| | | | - Cássio da Cunha Ibiapina
- . Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG) Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
de Andrade RCC, Ferreira AD, Ramos D, Ramos EMC, Scarabottolo CC, Saraiva BTC, Gobbo LA, Christofaro DGD. Smoking among adolescents is associated with their own characteristics and with parental smoking: cross-sectional study. SAO PAULO MED J 2017; 135:561-567. [PMID: 29166435 PMCID: PMC10016012 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2017.0154220717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to analyze the association between smoking during adolescence and the characteristics of smoking and alcohol consumption among their parents. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study in Londrina (PR), Brazil. METHODS The subjects comprised 1,231 adolescents aged 14-17 years. The adolescents and their parents answered a self-report questionnaire that asked for sociodemographic information and data on smoking and alcohol consumption. Multiple logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between smoking among adolescents and their characteristics (age, sex, period of the day for attending school, alcohol consumption and socioeconomic level) and their parents' characteristics (smoking, alcohol consumption, age and education level), adjusted according to the adolescents' characteristics (sex, age and socioeconomic level). RESULTS The prevalence of smoking among adolescents was 3.4% (95% confidence interval, CI: 2.4-4.4). Adolescents whose mothers or fathers were smokers were 2.0 and 2.5 times more likely to be smokers, respectively. The prevalence of smoking among adolescents with a smoking mother was 7.1% (95% CI: 2.6-10.7) and a smoking father, 5.4% (95% CI: 1.6-8.5). There were significant associations between smoking adolescents and age [5.2% (95% CI: 3.3-6.6)], studying at night [9.6% (95% CI: 4.0-15.5)] and alcohol consumption [69.0% (95% CI: 55.0-83.0)]. It was observed that the number of alcoholic beverage doses consumed was higher among smoking adolescents (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Adolescent smoking was associated with smoking by their parents, regardless of the gender of the parents or adolescents. Age, alcohol consumption and studying at night are characteristics of adolescents that can contribute towards smoking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Campos Cuissi de Andrade
- MSc. Physiotherapist, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Technology and Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil.
| | - Aline Duarte Ferreira
- MSc. Professor, Department of Physical Education, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil.
| | - Dionei Ramos
- Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil.
| | - Ercy Mara Cipulo Ramos
- Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil.
| | - Catarina Covolo Scarabottolo
- Master’s Student, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências Campus de Rio Claro, Rio Claro (SP), Brazil.
| | - Bruna Thamyres Ciccotti Saraiva
- Master’s Student, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências Campus de Rio Claro, Rio Claro (SP), Brazil.
| | - Luis Alberto Gobbo
- Professor, Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil.
| | - Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro
- Professor, Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fernandes SDSC, Andrade CRD, Caminhas AP, Camargos PAM, Ibiapina CDC. Prevalence of self-reported smoking experimentation in adolescents with asthma or allergic rhinitis. J Bras Pneumol 2017; 42:84-7. [PMID: 27167427 PMCID: PMC4853059 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37562015000000296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of smoking experimentation among adolescents with asthma or allergic rhinitis. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving adolescent students (13-14 years of age) in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The participants completed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaires, both of which have been validated for use in Brazil. We calculated the prevalence of smoking experimentation in the sample as a whole, among the students with asthma symptoms, and among the students with allergic rhinitis symptoms, as well as in subgroups according to gender and age at smoking experimentation. Results: The sample comprised 3,325 adolescent students. No statistically significant differences were found regarding gender or age. In the sample as a whole, the prevalence of smoking experimentation was 9.6%. The mean age for smoking experimentation for the first time was 11.1 years of age (range, 5-14 years). Among the adolescents with asthma symptoms and among those with allergic rhinitis symptoms, the prevalence of self-reported smoking experimentation was 13.5% and 10.6%, respectively. Conclusions: The proportion of adolescents with symptoms of asthma or allergic rhinitis who reported smoking experimentation is a cause for concern, because there is strong evidence that active smoking is a risk factor for the occurrence and increased severity of allergic diseases.
Collapse
|
9
|
Barbosa Filho VC, Campos WD, Lopes ADS. Epidemiology of physical inactivity, sedentary behaviors, and unhealthy eating habits among brazilian adolescents. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2014; 19:173-93. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232014191.0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review analyzed the prevalence of physical inactivity, sedentary behaviors and unhealthy eating habits among Brazilian adolescents. Searches were conducted in five databases (Lilacs, SciELO, Medline, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) and in the references cited in the articles retrieved. The literature search yielded 5,872 potentially relevant titles and a total of 69 studies met all the inclusion criteria. The risk behavior most often evaluated was physical inactivity (48/69; 69.6%), and its prevalence rate ranged from 2.3% to 93.5%. Twenty-eight studies estimated the prevalence of physical inactivity at over 50%. Most studies observed the prevalence of greater physical inactivity among girls. The prevalence of sedentary behaviors (lengthy screen time or TV use) was also frequently over 50%. Several variables were used to identify unhealthy eating habits, and some criteria/studies have indicated unhealthy eating habit estimates at close to 100% among adolescents. In conclusion, the estimates of these risk behaviors among Brazilians adolescents were very close to or even greater than those found in developed countries in several studies analyzed in this review.
Collapse
|
10
|
Barbosa Filho VC, Campos WD, Lopes ADS. Prevalence of alcohol and tobacco use among Brazilian adolescents: a systematic review. Rev Saude Publica 2012; 46:901-17. [DOI: 10.1590/s0034-89102012000500018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyze alcohol and tobacco use among Brazilian adolescents and identify higher-risk subgroups. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was conducted. Searches were performed using four databases (LILACS, MEDLINE /PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar), specialized websites and the references cited in retrieved articles. The search was done in English and Portuguese and there was no limit on the year of publication (up to June 2011). From the search, 59 studies met all the inclusion criteria: to involve Brazilian adolescents aged 10-19 years; to assess the prevalence of alcohol and/or tobacco use; to use questionnaires or structured interviews to measure the variables of interest; and to be a school or population-based study that used methodological procedures to ensure representativeness of the target population (i.e. random sampling). RESULTS: The prevalence of current alcohol use (at the time of the investigation or in the previous month) ranged from 23.0% to 67.7%. The mean prevalence was 34.9% (reflecting the central trend of the estimates found in the studies). The prevalence of current tobacco use ranged from 2.4% to 22.0%, and the mean prevalence was 9.3%. A large proportion of the studies estimated prevalences of frequent alcohol use (66.7%) and heavy alcohol use (36.8%) of more than 10%. However, most studies found prevalences of frequent and heavy tobacco use of less than 10%. The Brazilian literature has highlighted that environmental factors (religiosity, working conditions, and substance use among family and friends) and psychosocial factors (such as conflicts with parents and feelings of negativeness and loneliness) are associated with the tobacco and alcohol use among adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that consumption of alcohol and tobacco among adolescents has reached alarming prevalences in various localities in Brazil. Since unhealthy behavior tends to continue from adolescence into adulthood, public policies aimed towards reducing alcohol and tobacco use among Brazilians over the medium and long terms may direct young people and the subgroups at higher risk towards such behavior.
Collapse
|