[Indicators of local actions for reporting and recording cases of domestic violence and sexual exploitation of children and adolescents]

[Systematic review of studies on reports of violence against children and adolescents in Brazil]

This systematic review investigates how violence against children and adolescents data have been accessed, analyzed and discussed in Health scientific literature in Brazil. A sample of 50 articles, based in violence cases registered in the period from 1990 to 2015, was selected throughout the bases SciELO, PePSIC, Lilacs, Web of Science e Scopus. The analysis of frequency distribution pointed out that the major document typology consulted was the violence notification to the Guardianship Council. Characteristics of victims and of the violence situation were the most frequently analyzed. The data set permitted infer about the evolution of the violence epidemiological vigilance in the period considered. The Thematic Analysis showed that data was discussed in relation to the different contextual levels in which violence is manifested. The high absence of the information registered and the inexistence of psychosocial variables precedents to the violent situations interfered in the appliance of recent theoretical models.

Registros de Notificação Compulsória de Violência Envolvendo Crianças e Adolescentes

Resumo Este estudo objetivou apresentar dados epidemiológicos de notificações compulsórias da violência na faixa etária da infância e da adolescência, no período de 2009 a 2013, ocorridos e notificados em uma cidade do interior do estado do RS, identificando o sexo das vítimas, o tipo de violência sofrida, o local onde ocorreu o fato e o tipo de vínculo com o agressor. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa epidemiológica descritiva e documental com dados secundários do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, analisados conforme estatística descritiva. Os resultados indicaram que o sexo feminino predominou no número de vítimas, a violência física foi a mais notificada, a residência foi o local onde mais ocorreram as violências, tendo a mãe e o pai como os principais agressores. Conclui-se, a partir desses resultados, que a notificação compulsória da violência é um desafio ao campo da saúde e que esse procedimento pode ser um instrumento de proteção à infância e a adolescência, quando integrado a outras práticas de cuidado.

[Challenges facing health professionals in the notification of violence: mandatory implementation and follow-up procedures]

The notification of the occurrence or suspicion of violence is mandatory for health professionals and is a key tool for epidemiological surveillance and the definition of public policies for prevention and intervention. However, professionals feel unprepared for this assignment, which renders underreporting prevalent. To address this issue, the objective is to identify the means available to the professional to submit notification as well as ensure due process follow-up. For this purpose, research and document analysis was conducted in Brazilian legislation, ordinances, and government programs, codes of ethics and consultation of the literature in databases on the subject over a period of five years to establish a brief comparative analysis with other countries. The conclusion drawn is that while some measures are inapplicable, knowledge about the appropriate process for the notification and routing to specific organs will enable healthcare professionals to make the appropriate decisions for the protection and safety of the victim, besides the measures in order to change this situation of violence in the country.

[Factors associated with the report and adolescent abuse in primary healthcare]

This study aimed to analyze factors associated with the reporting of child and adolescent abuse in primary healthcare. It is a cross-sectional study conducted with 381 professionals (physicians, nurses and dental surgeons) from three healthcare regions of the state of Ceara, Brazil. It used a self-administered questionnaire asking for socio-demographic data, vocational education and training, instrumentation and knowledge on the issue, identification and reporting of abuse cases. Bivariate and multivariate analyses using logistic regression were performed. There was a frequency of 17% of abuse reporting by basic healthcare professionals. The multivariate analysis showed that participating in the training on the issue (OR = 2.18; CI95% = 1.05-4.53), being familiar with the reporting form (OR = 3.03; CI95% = 1.47-6.24) and knowing how to refer the case properly (OR = 2.55; CI95% = 1.01-6.43) increased the chance of professionals reporting child and adolescent abuse. The variables identified in the final model showed a direct association between the act of reporting and matters related to knowledge and training on the issue. Investments in the training of healthcare professionals are required in order to favor the qualification of the practice for this public health problem.

Factors associated with reporting of abuse against children and adolescents by nurses within Primary Health Care

OBJECTIVE:

to analyze the factors associated with the underreporting on the part of nurses within Primary Health Care of abuse against children and adolescents.

METHOD:

cross-sectional study with 616 nurses. A questionnaire addressed socio-demographic data, profession, instrumentation and knowledge on the topic, identification and reporting of abuse cases. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used.

RESULTS:

female nurses, aged between 21 and 32 years old, not married, with five or more years since graduation, with graduate studies, and working for five or more years in PHC predominated. The final regression model showed that factors such as working for five or more years, having a reporting form within the PHC unit, and believing that reporting within Primary Health Care is an advantage, facilitate reporting.

CONCLUSION:

the study's results may, in addition to sensitizing nurses, support management professionals in establishing strategies intended to produce compliance with reporting as a legal device that ensures the rights of children and adolescents.

A produção de conhecimentos na interface entre as ciências sociais e humanas e a saúde coletiva

Este artigo trata da intercessão, no âmbito do conhecimento, entre as ciências sociais e humanas e a saúde coletiva. Parte-se do legado das ciências sociais clássicas, discute-se esse aporte, debate-se como e em que medida as ciências sociais e humanas em saúde constituem um subcampo que, por sua vez, articula diversas racionalidades. O texto se baseia numa pesquisa sobre a produção científica das sete principais revistas da área: Revista de Saúde Pública; Cadernos de Saúde Pública; Ciência & Saúde Coletiva; Saúde e Sociedade, Physis, Interface e História, Ciência e Saúde no período de janeiro de 2011 a agosto de 2012 (20 meses). Foram ao todo 1757 artigos publicados nessas revistas, sendo 545 (31,0%) sobre ciências sociais e saúde ou fazendo interface desse campo com a saúde coletiva. O artigo se debruça na análise dessa produção e conclui: que é pujante a participação das ciências sociais e humanas no campo da saúde; que existe um polo irradiador de conhecimentos que parte de autores seminais, mas já conta com a contribuição de estudiosos importantes de segunda e terceira geração; e que os problemas referidos pelos cientistas sociais e de humanidades da área de saúde são os mesmos que hoje ocupam os teóricos sociais, filósofos e historiadores do mundo inteiro.