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Kocak Z, Temiz-Resitoglu M, Guden DS, Vezir O, Sucu N, Balcı S, Tamer-Gumus L, Tunctan B, Malik KU, Sahan-Firat S. Modulation of oxidative–nitrosative stress and inflammatory response by rapamycin in target and distant organs in rats exposed to hindlimb ischemia–reperfusion: the role of mammalian target of rapamycin. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:1193-1203. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been recognized with potential immunomodulatory properties playing an important role in various physiopathological processes including ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. I/R injury stimulate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species by activating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase, respectively. Controversial results have been obtained in different I/R models following localized I/R; however, the precise role of the mTOR signaling pathway remains undefined. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the role of the mTOR in oxidative–nitrosative stress and inflammation in hindlimb I/R-induced injury in target and remote organ injuries. In rats subjected to I/R, an increased expression of ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6), inhibitor κB (IκB)-α, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase 2, gp91phox, and levels of tumor necrosis factor α, nitrite, nitrotyrosine, malondialdehyde and the activities of myeloperoxidase and catalase in the tissues and (or) sera were detected. Treatment with rapamycin, a selective inhibitor of mTOR, reversed all the I/R-induced changes as manifested by its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in kidney and gastrocnemius muscle of rats. Collectively, these findings suggest that rapamycin protects against I/R-induced oxidative–nitrosative stress and inflammation leading to organ injuries via suppression of mTOR/IκB-α/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zumrut Kocak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, 33169 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Meryem Temiz-Resitoglu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, 33169 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Demet Sinem Guden
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, 33169 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ozden Vezir
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mersin State Hospital, 33240 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Nehir Sucu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, 33150 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Senay Balcı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, 33150 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Lulufer Tamer-Gumus
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, 33150 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Bahar Tunctan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, 33169 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Kafait U. Malik
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Center for Health Sciences, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Seyhan Sahan-Firat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, 33169 Mersin, Turkey
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Ali AA, Ahmed HI, Khaleel SA, Abu-Elfotuh K. Vinpocetine mitigates aluminum-induced cognitive impairment in socially isolated rats. Physiol Behav 2019; 208:112571. [PMID: 31175888 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Several reports have highlighted the role of vinpocetine in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the role of vinpocetine in AD under social isolation conditions has not yet been elucidated. Henceforth, this study aimed to investigate the potential neuroprotective effect of vinpocetine in aluminum-induced AD model associated with social isolation. Social isolation increased the escape latency in Morris water maze (MWM) test, elevated the immobility score and decreased swimming score in forced swimming test (FST) in aluminum treated rats. However, vinpocetine enhanced acquisition in MWM test and exerted anti-depressive effect in FST. The histopathological examination showed marked deterioration in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of AD isolated rats, while vinpocetine revealed overt improvement. In addition, the levels of amyloid-β protein (Aβ), phosphorylated-tau (Ser396), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis alpha (TNFα), p- Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (p-GSK3β) (Tyr216), and β-secretase (BACE1) gene expression were increased in socially isolated aluminum treated rats, yet, vinpocetine treatment reversed these deteriorating effects. Hence, this study provides profound insights into the role of vinpocetine in AD particularly in the conditions of social isolation. The effects of vinpocetine might be attributed not only to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but also to its suppressing effect on GSK3β activity and its downstream BACE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza A Ali
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hebatalla I Ahmed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for sustainable development, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar A Khaleel
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Karema Abu-Elfotuh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Karahan MA, Yalcin S, Aydogan H, Büyükfirat E, Kücük A, Kocarslan S, Yüce HH, Taskın A, Aksoy N. Curcumin and dexmedetomidine prevents oxidative stress and renal injury in hind limb ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model. Ren Fail 2016; 38:693-8. [PMID: 26983591 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2016.1157746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin and dexmedetomidine have been shown to have protective effects in ischemia-reperfusion injury on various organs. However, their protective effects on kidney tissue against ischemia-reperfusion injury remain unclear. We aimed to determine whether curcumin or dexmedetomidine prevents renal tissue from injury that was induced by hind limb ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Fifty rats were divided into five groups: sham, control, curcumin (CUR) group (200 mg/kg curcumin, n = 10), dexmedetomidine (DEX) group (25 μg/kg dexmedetomidine, n = 10), and curcumin-dexmedetomidine (CUR-DEX) group (200 mg/kg curcumin and 25 μg/kg dexmedetomidine). Curcumin and dexmedetomidine were administered intraperitoneally immediately after the end of 4 h ischemia, just 5 min before reperfusion. The extremity re-perfused for 2 h and then blood samples were taken and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidative status (TOS) levels, and oxidative stress index (OSI) were measured, and renal tissue samples were histopathologically examined. The TAC activity levels in blood samples were significantly lower in the control than the other groups (p < 0.01 for all comparisons). The TOS activity levels in blood samples were significantly higher in Control group and than the other groups (p < 0.01 for all comparison). The OSI were found to be significantly increased in the control group compared to others groups (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Histopathological examination revealed less severe lesions in the sham, CUR, DEX, and CUR-DEX groups, compared with the control group (p < 0.01). Rat hind limb ischemia-reperfusion causes histopathological changes in the kidneys. Curcumin and dexmedetomidine administered intraperitoneally was effective in reducing oxidative stress and renal histopathologic injury in an acute hind limb I/R rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Karahan
- a Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty , Harran University , Şanliurfa , Turkey
| | - S Yalcin
- a Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty , Harran University , Şanliurfa , Turkey
| | - H Aydogan
- a Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty , Harran University , Şanliurfa , Turkey
| | - E Büyükfirat
- a Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty , Harran University , Şanliurfa , Turkey
| | - A Kücük
- a Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty , Harran University , Şanliurfa , Turkey
| | - S Kocarslan
- b Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty , Harran University , Şanliurfa , Turkey
| | - H H Yüce
- a Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty , Harran University , Şanliurfa , Turkey
| | - A Taskın
- c Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty , Harran University , Şanliurfa , Turkey
| | - N Aksoy
- c Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty , Harran University , Şanliurfa , Turkey
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Eğin S, Açıksarı K, Ercan G, Aydın AF, Üstyol EA, Eser M, Tanrıverdi G, Yanar HT. Effects of pentoxifylline on oxidative stress in rats with abdominal compartment syndrome model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGERY OPEN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijso.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Takhtfooladi MA, Moayer F, Takhtfooladi HA. Beneficial effect of pentoxifylline into the testis of rats in an experimental model of unilateral hindlimb ischemia/reperfusion injury. Int Braz J Urol 2015. [PMID: 26200554 PMCID: PMC4752154 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2014.0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of pentoxifylline (PTX) on remote testicular injury caused by unilateral hind limb ischemia/reperfusion of rats. Materials and Methods Twenty healthy male Wistar rats were allocated randomly into two groups: ischemia/reperfusion (IR group) and ischemia/reperfusion + pentoxifylline (IR+PTX group). Ischemia was induced by placement of a rubber tourniquet at the greater trochanter for 2h. Rats in IR+PTX group received PTX (40 mg/kg IP) before the reperfusion period. At 24h after reperfusion, testes were removed and levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were determined in testicular tissues. Three rats of each group were used for wet/ dry weight ratio measurement. Testicular tissues were also examined histopathologically under light microscopy. Results Activities of SOD and CAT in testicular tissues were decreased by ischemia/ reperfusion (P<0.05). Significantly increased MDA levels in testicular tissues were decreased by PTX treatment (P<0.05). MPO activity in testicular tissues in the IR group was significantly higher than in the IR+PTX group (P<0.05). The wet/dry weight ratio of testicular tissues in the IR group was significantly higher than in the IR+PTX group (P<0.05). Histopathologically, there was a statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions According to histological and biochemical findings, we conclude that PTX has preventive effects in the testicular injury induced by hind limb ischemia/reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fariborz Moayer
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Alborz, Iran
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Takhtfooladi MA, Takhtfooladi HA, Moayer F, Karimi P, Asl HA. Effect of Otostegia persica extraction on renal injury induced by hindlimb ischemia-reperfusion: A rat model. Int J Surg 2015; 13:124-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Brasileiro JL, Inoye CM, Aydos RD, Silva IS, Falcão GR, Marks G, Pereira DM. Ischemia and reperfusion of rat small intestine using pentoxyfilline and prostaglandin E1. Acta Cir Bras 2014; 28:767-73. [PMID: 24316743 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502013001100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the small intestinal tissue alterations in rats submitted to ischemia and tissue reperfusion using pentoxyfilline or prostaglandin E1. METHODS Thirty five Wistar rats were used, distributed into group control (A) n=10 were submitted to intestinal ischemia and reperfusion during 60 minutes and no one drug have been utilized. In the group pentoxyfilline (B) n=10 have been utilized during tissue ischemia and reperfusion as well as prostaglandin E1 (C) n=10, but separately. In the group sham (D) n=5, the animals were submitted to surgical. After euthanasia of the animals, a segment of the small intestine was cut, stained by hematoxilin-eosin and histological analysis according to Chiu criteria. RESULTS Histological results showed that using pentoxyflline or prostaglandin E1 the results during tissue reperfusion were better, since the levels of criteria from Chiu that predominated were level 2 and 3, indicating less tissue damage in comparison to the control group (group A) that showed levels 4 and 5, what means more severe histological tissue alterations. CONCLUSION Use of pentoxyfilline or prostaglandin E1 promoted a beneficial effect during intestinal reperfusion, demonstrated by less severe histological lesions in the small intestine mucosa of rats submitted to ischemia and tissue reperfusion when helped by the drugs.
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Souza Júnior SSD, Moreira Neto AA, Schmidt Júnior AF, Lemos JBD, Rodrigues OR. Biochemical study of the effects of cilostazol in rats subjected to acute ischemia and reperfusion of hind limbs. Acta Cir Bras 2014; 28:361-6. [PMID: 23702938 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502013000500007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether cilostazol has a protective effect on acute ischemia and reperfusion of hind limbs of rats through study of biochemical variables in blood and urine. METHODS Forty six animals were randomized and divided into two groups. Group I received a solution of cilostazol (10 mg/Kg) and group II received saline solution 0.9% (SS) by orogastric tube after ligature of the abdominal aorta. After four hours of ischemia the animals were divided into four subgroups: group IA (Cilostazol): two hours of reperfusion. Group IIA (SS): two hours of reperfusion. Group IB (Cilostazol): six hours of reperfusion. Group IIB (SS) six hours of reperfusion. After the reperfusion period, was held to collect urine and blood for biochemical measurements. The biochemical parameters studied were: urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium and myoglobin in blood and urea, creatinine, myoglobin in urine. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference between groups. CONCLUSION Cilostazol had no protective effect on ischemic acute reperfusion of hind limbs of rats in this model.
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Le Campion ER, Jukemura J, Coelho AM, Patzina R, Carneiro D'Albuquerque LA. Effects of intravenous administration of pentoxifylline in pancreatic ischaemia-reperfusion injury. HPB (Oxford) 2013; 15:588-94. [PMID: 23458290 PMCID: PMC3731579 DOI: 10.1111/hpb.12013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic strategies to reduce the occurrence of pancreatic ischaemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury might improve outcomes in human pancreas and kidney transplantation. In addition to its haemorrheologic effects, pentoxifylline has an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting NF-κB activation. This group has previously demonstrated that pentoxifylline induces an anti-inflammatory response in acute pancreatitis and liver I-R models. This led to the hypothesis that pentoxifylline might reduce pancreatic and renal lesions and the systemic inflammatory response in pancreatic I-R injury. The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effect of pentoxifylline administration in a rat model of pancreatic I-R injury. METHODS Pancreatic I-R was performed in Wistar rats over 1 h by clamping the splenic vessels. The animals submitted to I-R were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 20, control) rats received saline solution administered i.v. at 45 min after ischaemia, and Group 2 (n = 20) rats received pentoxifylline (25 mg/kg) administered i.v. at 45 min after ischaemia. Blood samples were collected to enable the determination of amylase, creatinine, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-10. Pancreatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content, pancreas histology and pulmonary myeloperoxidase (MPO) were also assessed. RESULTS Significant reductions in serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 were observed in Group 2 compared with Group 1 (P < 0.05). No differences in pancreatic MDA content or serum amylase levels were observed between the two groups. The histologic score was significantly lower in pentoxifylline-treated animals, denoting less severe pancreatic histologic damage. CONCLUSIONS Pentoxifylline administration reduced the systemic inflammatory response, the pancreatic histological lesion and renal dysfunction in pancreatic I-R injury and may be a useful tool in pancreas and kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmond Raymond Le Campion
- Division of Digestive Tract Transplantation (LIM/37), Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Moreira Neto AA, Souza Júnior SSD, Capelozzi VL, Parra-Cuentas ER, Schmidt Júnior AF, Francisco Neto A, Rodrigues OR. Effects of cilostazol in kidney and skeletal striated muscle of Wistar rats submitted to acute ischemia and reperfusion of hind limbs. Acta Cir Bras 2013; 27:783-8. [PMID: 23117610 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502012001100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of cilostazol, in kidney and skeletal muscle of rats submitted to acute ischemia and reperfusion. METHODS Fourty three animals were randomized and divided into two groups. Group I received a solution of cilostazol (10 mg/Kg) and group II received saline solution 0.9% (SS) by orogastric tube after ligature of the abdominal aorta. After four hours of ischemia the animals were divided into four subgroups: group IA (Cilostazol): two hours of reperfusion. Group IIA (SS): two hours of reperfusion. Group IB (Cilostazol): six hours of reperfusion. Group IIB (SS) six hours of reperfusion. After reperfusion, a left nephrectomy was performed and removal of the muscles of the hind limb. The histological parameters were studied. In kidney cylinders of myoglobin, vacuolar degeneration and acute tubular necrosis. In muscle interstitial edema, inflammatory infiltrate, hypereosinophilia fiber, cariopicnose and necrosis. Apoptosis was assessed by immunohistochemistry for cleaved caspase-3 and TUNEL. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference between groups. CONCLUSION Cilostazol had no protective effect on the kidney and the skeletal striated muscle in rats submitted to acute ischemia and reperfusion in this model.
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Takhtfooladi MA, Jahanshahi A, Jahanshahi G, Sotoudeh A, Takhtfooladi HA, Khansari M. Protective effect of N-acetylcysteine on kidney as a remote organ after skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion. Acta Cir Bras 2012; 27:611-5. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502012000900004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate whether N-acetylcysteine has a protective effect against renal injury as a remote organ after skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion in rats. METHODS: Twenty Wistar male rats were divided randomly into two experimental groups: group ischemia-reperfusion (group I) and group ischemia-reperfusion + N-acetylcysteine (group II). After ketamine and xylazine anesthesia, femoral artery was exposed. All animals were undergone 2h of ischemia by occlusion femoral artery and 24h of reperfusion. Rats that were treated with N-acetylcysteine given IV at a dose of 150 mg/kg-¹, immediately before reperfusion. After 24h of reperfusion, the blood samples were collected and submitted for evaluation of plasmatic urea, creatinine values and then rats were euthanized and left kidney harvested for histopathological analysis under light microscopy. RESULTS: The urea (35±7.84 mg.dL-1), creatinine (1.46±0.47 mg.dL-1) values were significantly lower in group II (P=0.000). Renal histopathologic study in group I showed extensive distal and proximal tubular cells necrosis and sloughing of epithelial cells into the tubular lumen, cast formation in tubule and glomerul, glomerul fibrosis and hemorrhage. Histopathologically, there was a significant difference (p=0.037) between two groups. CONCLUSION: The N-acetylcysteine was able to decrease renal injury induced by skeletal muscle ischemia reperfusion in rats.
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