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Hasegawa T, Ueda N, Yamada SI, Kato S, Iwata E, Hayashida S, Kojima Y, Shinohara M, Tojo I, Nakahara H, Yamaguchi T, Kirita T, Kurita H, Shibuya Y, Soutome S, Akashi M. Denosumab-related osteonecrosis of the jaw after tooth extraction and the effects of a short drug holiday in cancer patients: a multicenter retrospective study. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:2323-2333. [PMID: 33997909 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-05995-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Pre-existing inflammation, corticosteroid therapy, periapical periodontitis, longer duration of denosumab therapy, and female sex were significantly associated with an increased risk of denosumab-related osteonecrosis of the jaw after tooth extraction in patients with cancer on oncologic doses of denosumab. A short drug holiday did not protect against this complication. INTRODUCTION This study retrospectively investigated the relationship between various risk factors, including brief discontinuation of denosumab, and development of denosumab-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (DRONJ) after tooth extraction in patients with cancer who were receiving oncologic doses of this agent. METHODS Data were collected on demographic characteristics, duration of denosumab therapy, whether or not denosumab was discontinued before tooth extraction (drug holiday), duration of discontinuation, presence of pre-existing inflammation, and whether or not additional surgical procedures were performed. Risk factors for DRONJ after tooth extraction were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS A total of 136 dental extractions were performed in 72 patients (31 men, 41 women) with cancer who were receiving oncologic doses of denosumab. Post-extraction DRONJ was diagnosed in 39 teeth (28.7%) in 25 patients. Tooth extraction was significantly associated with development of DRONJ only in patients with pre-existing inflammation (odds ratio [OR] 243.77), those on corticosteroid therapy (OR 73.50), those with periapical periodontitis (OR 14.13), those who had been taking oncologic doses of denosumab for a longer period (OR 4.69), and in women (OR 1.04). There was no significant difference in the occurrence of DRONJ between patients who had a drug holiday before tooth extraction and those who did not. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that inflamed teeth should be extracted immediately in patients with cancer who are receiving oncologic doses of denosumab. Drug holidays have no significant impact on the risk of DRONJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hasegawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - N Ueda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - S I Yamada
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - S Kato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - E Iwata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kakogawa Central City Hospital, Kakogawa, Japan
| | - S Hayashida
- Department of Clinical Oral Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Y Kojima
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - M Shinohara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - I Tojo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - H Nakahara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Yamaguchi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Research Field in Dentistry, Medical and Dental Sciences Area, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - T Kirita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - H Kurita
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Y Shibuya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S Soutome
- Department of Oral Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - M Akashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
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Hayashi M, Morimoto Y, Iida T, Tanaka Y, Sugiyama S. Risk of Delayed Healing of Tooth Extraction Wounds and Osteonecrosis of the Jaw among Patients Treated with Potential Immunosuppressive Drugs: A Retrospective Cohort Study. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2019; 246:257-264. [PMID: 30568073 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.246.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bone-modifying or antiresorptive agents that target osteoclasts, such as bisphosphonates, are known to cause delayed wound healing and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) following tooth extraction. However, there are no data on whether such adverse events are also caused by drugs that may suppress the immune system, including corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, biological agents, and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). The aim of this retrospective study was to examine the incidence of delayed post-extraction wound healing and identify risk factors among patients treated with potential immunosuppressive drugs undergoing tooth extraction. We performed a retrospective cohort study involving 101 patients by reviewing their medical records. The underlying diseases of the enrolled patients included dilated cardiomyopathy, hematological malignancy, sarcoidosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. The sample comprised 131 cases of tooth extraction among the 101 patients; delayed post-extraction wound healing occurred in 10 patients (12 cases, 9.2%), including ONJ in three patients (3 cases, 2.3%). The surgical tooth extraction performed for impacted teeth or a residual root (P = 0.009), the number of surgical tooth extraction (P = 0.012), decreased lymphocyte counts (P = 0.008), and decreased eosinophil counts (P = 0.009) were significantly related to delayed wound healing. Thus, among patients taking corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, biological agents, and/or DMARDs, there is a risk of delayed wound healing and ONJ. Moreover, the significant risk factors are low lymphocyte counts, low eosinophil counts, and surgical extraction. It is of particular importance to prevent surgical site infection, when the high-risk patients undergo tooth extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Hayashi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University.,Special Patient Oral Care Unit, Kyushu University Hospital
| | - Yoshinari Morimoto
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University.,Special Patient Oral Care Unit, Kyushu University Hospital.,Department of Dentistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Takatoshi Iida
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
| | - Yohei Tanaka
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
| | - Shuntaro Sugiyama
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
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Chang C, Li K, Jiang S, Li B, Cao L, Wang P. Downregulation of TRPC6 expression is a critical molecular event during FK506 treatment for overactive bladder. Cell Calcium 2018; 77:8-19. [PMID: 30476735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE It has been suggested that FK506 could improve some symptoms of OAB in both clinical settings and animal models; however, its mechanism of action is not well-understood. Here, we investigated the effect of FK506 on TRPC6 in bladder smooth muscle, and explored the possible involvement of TRPC6 in OAB. METHODS FK506 was injected intraperitoneally into rats in which OAB was induced via BOO, and urodynamic indices were recorded. Rats and human bladder smooth muscle tissues with or without OAB were examined for TRPC6 expression by western blot, RT-PCR and IF staining. Cultured BSMCs were treated with PDGF, TRPC6 siRNAs and FK506. Then the TRPC6 expression and cellular proliferation were examined, and the Ca2+ influx and contractility of BSMCs were examined by time-lapse Ca2+ imaging and collagen gel contraction. Finally, IF and Co-IP were performed to test the effects of FK506 on NFAT translocation to the nucleus and the interaction of TRPC6 with FKBP12, respectively. RESULTS FK506 improved urodynamic indices of OAB rats, and TRPC6 was expressed in rats and human bladder tissues. TRPC6 elevation in OAB rats was inhibited by FK506, and this inhibition coincided with improvements in urodynamic indices. PDGF enhanced TRPC6 expression, cellular proliferation, Ca2+ influx and contractility of BSMCs, and these effects were inhibited by TRPC6 siRNAs and FK506. FK506 inhibited NFAT translocation to the nucleus and disrupted the interaction of TRPC6 with FKBP12. CONCLUSIONS Our results collectively indicate that FK506 may be used to treat OAB, and that TRPC6 may serve as an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in OAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chang
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.4, Chong-shan East Road, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155, Nan-jing North Street, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Sinan Jiang
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.4, Chong-shan East Road, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Baoman Li
- Department of Brain Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, No.77, Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Liu Cao
- Department of Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology (Ministry of Education), the Institute of Translational Medicine, China Medical University, No.77, Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.4, Chong-shan East Road, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning Province, PR China.
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Diehl R, Ferrara F, Müller C, Dreyer AY, McLeod DD, Fricke S, Boltze J. Immunosuppression for in vivo research: state-of-the-art protocols and experimental approaches. Cell Mol Immunol 2016; 14:146-179. [PMID: 27721455 PMCID: PMC5301156 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2016.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost every experimental treatment strategy using non-autologous cell, tissue or organ transplantation is tested in small and large animal models before clinical translation. Because these strategies require immunosuppression in most cases, immunosuppressive protocols are a key element in transplantation experiments. However, standard immunosuppressive protocols are often applied without detailed knowledge regarding their efficacy within the particular experimental setting and in the chosen model species. Optimization of such protocols is pertinent to the translation of experimental results to human patients and thus warrants further investigation. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding immunosuppressive drug classes as well as their dosages and application regimens with consideration of species-specific drug metabolization and side effects. It also summarizes contemporary knowledge of novel immunomodulatory strategies, such as the use of mesenchymal stem cells or antibodies. Thus, this review is intended to serve as a state-of-the-art compendium for researchers to refine applied experimental immunosuppression and immunomodulation strategies to enhance the predictive value of preclinical transplantation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Diehl
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Fabienne Ferrara
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig 04103, Germany.,Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charite University Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin 10115, Germany
| | - Claudia Müller
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Antje Y Dreyer
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Fricke
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Johannes Boltze
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig 04103, Germany.,Fraunhofer Research Institution for Marine Biotechnology and Institute for Medical and Marine Biotechnology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
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