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Crocodile Oil Modulates Inflammation and Immune Responses in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123784. [PMID: 35744910 PMCID: PMC9229527 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Crocodile oil (CO) is generated from the fatty tissues of crocodiles as a by-product of commercial aquaculture. CO is extensively applied in the treatment of illnesses including asthma, emphysema, skin ulcers, and cancer, as well as wound healing. Whether CO has anti-inflammatory properties and encourages an immune response remains uncertain. The impact of CO on inflammatory conditions in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and the mechanisms behind it were examined in this work. Cells were treated with 0.125–2% CO dissolved in 0.5% propylene glycol with or without LPS. The production and expression of inflammatory cytokines and mediators were also examined in this research. CO reduced the synthesis and gene expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6). Consistently, CO inhibited the expression and synthesis of inflammatory markers including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nitric oxide (NO), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Furthermore, CO reduced the effects of DNA damage. CO also increased the cell-cycle regulators, cyclins D2 and E2, which improved the immunological response. CO might thus be produced as a nutraceutical supplement to help avoid inflammatory diseases.
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Shang Y, Wang Q, Li J, Liu H, Zhao Q, Huang X, Dong H, Chen W, Gui R, Nie X. Zirconia Nanoparticles Induce HeLa Cell Death Through Mitochondrial Apoptosis and Autophagy Pathways Mediated by ROS. Front Chem 2021; 9:522708. [PMID: 33796503 PMCID: PMC8007972 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.522708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Zirconia nanoparticles (ZrO2 NPs) are commonly used in the field of biomedical materials, but their antitumor activity and mechanism is unclear. Herein, we evaluated the anti-tumor activity of ZrO2 NPs and explored the anti-tumor mechanism. The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HeLa cells was elevated after ZrO2 NPs treatment. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that after treatment with ZrO2 NPs, the mitochondria of HeLa cells were swollen, accompanied with the induction of autophagic vacuoles. In addition, flow cytometry analysis showed that the apoptotic rate of HeLa cells increased significantly by Annexin staining after treatment with ZrO2 NPs, and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was reduced significantly. The proliferation of HeLa cells decreased as indicated by reduced Ki-67 labeling. In contrast, TUNEL-positive cells in tumor tissues increased after treatment with ZrO2 NPs, which is accompanied by increased expression of mitochondrial apoptotic proteins including Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and Cytochrome C (Cyt C) and increased expression of autophagy-related proteins including Atg5, Atg12, Beclin-1, and LC3-II. Treating HeLa cells with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) significantly reduced ROS, rate of apoptosis, MMP, and in vivo anti-tumor activity. In addition, apoptosis- and autophagy-related protein expressions were also suppressed. Based on these observations, we conclude that ZrO2 NPs induce HeLa cell death through ROS mediated mitochondrial apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Shang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qinghai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haiting Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiangqiang Zhao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xueyuan Huang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hang Dong
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wansong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Gui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinmin Nie
- Clinical Laboratory of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Ahmed MG, Ibrahim MED, El Sayed HR, Ahmed SM. Short term chronic toxicity of tributyltin on the testes of adult albino rats and the possible protective role of omega-3. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 40:214-230. [PMID: 32783468 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120947451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The declining rate of male fertility is a growing concern. Tributyltin (TBT) is a well-known endocrine disruptor (ED), that induces imposex in female gastropods and is widely used in various industrial applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effects of TBT on the testes of adult albino rats and the possible role of omega-3. Forty two adult male albino rats were divided into five groups; control group (Group I) and four experimental groups: omega-3 treated group, TBT treated group, TBT & omega-3 treated group and follow up group. At the end of the study, the rats were subjected to biochemical, histological, immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 and seminal examinations. Our results clarfied that TBT induced a significant decrease in testosterone, FSH, LH and serum glutathione peroxidase levels and a significant increase in the serum Malondialdehyde as compared to the control group. Tributyltin induced disorganization and shrinkage of seminiferous tubules, apoptosis, cellular damage and marked reduction in the germinal epithelium. A significant decrease in the cell proliferation and arrested spermatogenesis were also detected. Seminal analysis of TBT group showed a significant affection of all parameters as compared to other groups. Omega-3 ameliorated all of these hazardous effects. Follow up group still showed toxic effects. In conclusion, TBT has a toxic effect on the testis. Increased testicular oxidative stress, cellular damage and arrest of spermatogenesis with attenuation in antioxidant defenses are all contributing factors. Omega-3 can protect against TBT induced reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa G Ahmed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, 68865Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mona El-Demerdash Ibrahim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, 68865Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hoda R El Sayed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, 68865Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samah M Ahmed
- Department of Histology & Cell Biology, 68865Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Zhao Y, Wang Q, Zang B. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) attenuates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway1. Acta Cir Bras 2019; 34:e201900209. [PMID: 30843942 PMCID: PMC6585916 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-8650201900209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the effect of milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8)
on sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SAKI). Methods Male C57BL/6 mice were randomized to control, sham, CLP, CLP+PBS, and
CLP+rmMFG-E8 groups. SAKI was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).
Recombinant mouse MFG-E8 (rmMFG-E8) (20 μg/kg) or PBS (vehicle) was
administered intraperitoneally. Blood, urine and renal tissue were collected
at 24 h after CLP. Blood samples were tested for serum kidney injury
biomarker and cytokines. Urine samples were collected to detect KIM-1, and
NGAL. Real-time PCR was tested for Bax and Bcl-2. TUNEL staining was used to
determine renal apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect the expression of
Bax, Bcl-2, and proteins in the NF-κB pathway. Results MFG-E8 alleviated SAKI by decreasing serum Cre, BUN, urine KIM-1 and NGAL
and by mitigating renal pathological changes significant (p < 0.05).
IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly inhibited by MFG-E8 (p < 0.05).
Apoptosis induced by SAKI was markedly suppressed by MFG-E8. Finally, MFG-E8
attenuated the activation of the NF-𝜅B signaling pathway in SAKI. Conclusion MFG-E8 has beneficial effects on SAKI, which may be achieved by inhibiting
the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Master, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China. Technical procedures, interpretation of data, statistical analysis, manuscript preparation
| | - Qian Wang
- Master, Department of Emergency Medicine, 4th Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China. Acquisition and interpretation of data, statistical analysis, critical revision
| | - Bin Zang
- Master, Chairman and Head, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China. Conception and design of the study, critical revision
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Mericli F, Becer E, Kabadayı H, Hanoglu A, Yigit Hanoglu D, Ozkum Yavuz D, Ozek T, Vatansever S. Fatty acid composition and anticancer activity in colon carcinoma cell lines of Prunus dulcis seed oil. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1239-1248. [PMID: 28262033 PMCID: PMC6130748 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1296003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Almond oil is used in traditional and complementary therapies for its numerous health benefits due to high unsaturated fatty acids content. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the composition and in vitro anticancer activity of almond oil from Northern Cyprus and compared with almond oil from Turkey. MATERIALS AND METHODS Almond oil from Northern Cyprus was obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction and analyzed by GC-MS. Almond oil of Turkey was provided from Turkish pharmacies. Different concentrations of almond oils were incubated for 24 and 48 h with Colo-320 and Colo-741 cells. Cell growth and cytotoxicity were measured by MTT assays. Anticancer and antiprolifetarive activities of almond oils were investigated by immunocytochemistry using antibodies directed against to BMP-2, β-catenin, Ki-67, LGR-5 and Jagged 1. RESULTS Oleic acid (77.8%; 75.3%), linoleic acid (13.5%; 15.8%), palmitic acid (7.4%; 6.3%), were determined as the major compounds of almond oil from Northern Cyprus and Turkey, respectively. In the MTT assay, both almond oils were found to be active against Colo-320 and Colo-741 cells with 1:1 dilution for both 24 h and 48 h. As a result of immunohistochemical staining, while both almond oils exhibited significant antiproliferative and anticancer activity, these activities were more similar in Colo-320 cells which were treated with Northern Cyprus almond oil. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Almond oil from Northern Cyprus and Turkey may have anticancer and antiproliferative effects on colon cancer cells through molecular signalling pathways and, thus, they could be potential novel therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Mericli
- Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Eda Becer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Hilal Kabadayı
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Azmi Hanoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Duygu Yigit Hanoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Dudu Ozkum Yavuz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Temel Ozek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Seda Vatansever
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
- Experimental Health Research Center of Health Sciences, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey
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Talero E, García-Mauriño S, Ávila-Román J, Rodríguez-Luna A, Alcaide A, Motilva V. Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Microalgae in Chronic Inflammation and Cancer. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:6152-209. [PMID: 26437418 PMCID: PMC4626684 DOI: 10.3390/md13106152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of onset of cancer is influenced by poorly controlled chronic inflammatory processes. Inflammatory diseases related to cancer development include inflammatory bowel disease, which can lead to colon cancer, or actinic keratosis, associated with chronic exposure to ultraviolet light, which can progress to squamous cell carcinoma. Chronic inflammatory states expose these patients to a number of signals with tumorigenic effects, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) activation, pro-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins release and ROS production. In addition, the participation of inflammasomes, autophagy and sirtuins has been demonstrated in pathological processes such as inflammation and cancer. Chemoprevention consists in the use of drugs, vitamins, or nutritional supplements to reduce the risk of developing or having a recurrence of cancer. Numerous in vitro and animal studies have established the potential colon and skin cancer chemopreventive properties of substances from marine environment, including microalgae species and their products (carotenoids, fatty acids, glycolipids, polysaccharides and proteins). This review summarizes the main mechanisms of actions of these compounds in the chemoprevention of these cancers. These actions include suppression of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, stimulation of antimetastatic and antiangiogenic responses and increased antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Talero
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Sofía García-Mauriño
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Javier Ávila-Román
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Azahara Rodríguez-Luna
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Antonio Alcaide
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Virginia Motilva
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
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