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Lin X, Yu T, Luo J, Chen L, Liu Y, Xu J, Chen L, Lin Q, Bao Y, Xu L. BMSCs mediates endothelial cell autophagy by upregulating miR-155-5p to alleviate ventilator-induced lung injury. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23060. [PMID: 35355364 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we explored to detect the effects and mechanism of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). We transplanted BMSCs in mice and then induced VILI using mechanical ventilation (MV) treatment. The pathological changes, the content of PaO2 and PaCO2 , wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) of the lung, levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and apoptosis were detected. The autophagy-associated factor p62, LC3, and Beclin-1 expression were analyzed by western blot. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to detect abnormally expressed microRNAs, including miR-155-5p. Subsequently, we overexpressed miR-155-5p in VILI mice to detect the effects of miR-155-5p on MV-induced lung injury. Then, we carried out bioinformatics analysis to verify the BMSCs-regulated miR-155-5p that target messenger RNA. It was observed that BMSCs transplantation mitigated the severity of VILI in mice. BMSCs transplantation reduced lung inflammation, strengthened the arterial oxygen partial pressure, and reduced apoptosis and the W/D of the lung. BMSCs promoted autophagy of pulmonary endothelial cells accompanied by decreased p62 and increased LC3 II/I and Beclin-1. BMSCs increased the levels of miR-155-5p in VILI mice. Overexpression of miR-155-5p alleviated lung injury in VILI mice following reduced apoptosis and increased autophagy. Finally, TAB2 was identified as a downstream target of miR-155-5p and regulated by miR-155-5p. BMSCs may protect lung tissues from MV-induced injury, inhibit lung inflammation, promote autophagy through upregulating of miR-155-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Medical Endoscopy, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tianxing Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Medical Endoscopy, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jianxiong Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Medical Endoscopy, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Medical Endoscopy, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Medical Endoscopy, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Junping Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Medical Endoscopy, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lifang Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Medical Endoscopy, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qiong Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Medical Endoscopy, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuwang Bao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Medical Endoscopy, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Liyu Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Medical Endoscopy, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Masterson C, Horie S, McCarthy SD, Gonzalez H, Byrnes D, Brady J, Fandiño J, Laffey JG, O'Toole D. Hypercapnia in the critically ill: insights from the bench to the bedside. Interface Focus 2021; 11:20200032. [PMID: 33628425 PMCID: PMC7898152 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2020.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) has long been considered, at best, a waste by-product of metabolism, and at worst, a toxic molecule with serious health consequences if physiological concentration is dysregulated. However, clinical observations have revealed that 'permissive' hypercapnia, the deliberate allowance of respiratory produced CO2 to remain in the patient, can have anti-inflammatory effects that may be beneficial in certain circumstances. In parallel, studies at the cell level have demonstrated the profound effect of CO2 on multiple diverse signalling pathways, be it the effect from CO2 itself specifically or from the associated acidosis it generates. At the whole organism level, it now appears likely that there are many biological sensing systems designed to respond to CO2 concentration and tailor respiratory and other responses to atmospheric or local levels. Animal models have been widely employed to study the changes in CO2 levels in various disease states and also to what extent permissive or even directly delivered CO2 can affect patient outcome. These findings have been advanced to the bedside at the same time that further clinical observations have been elucidated at the cell and animal level. Here we present a synopsis of the current understanding of how CO2 affects mammalian biological systems, with a particular emphasis on inflammatory pathways and diseases such as lung specific or systemic sepsis. We also explore some future directions and possibilities, such as direct control of blood CO2 levels, that could lead to improved clinical care in the future.
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