Análise da atenção básica em cinco municípios da amazônia ocidental, com ênfase no Programa Saúde da Família

Management in primary health care: implications on managers workloads

OBJECTIVE

To identify which aspects of primary health care management, evidenced in current literature, can influence manager workloads.

METHODOLOGY

Integrative literature review with data collection conducted in April 2016, in five databases, with articles published in English, Spanish and Portuguese between 2006 and 2016.

RESULTS

The results of the 78 studies were organized into two macro categories: increased workloads, especially due to the challenge of managing a new care model and deficits in working conditions; and workloads reduction related to the training of the teams and managers, the autonomy and the support for the managers.

CONCLUSION

In addition to identifying factors that increase and decrease the workloads of managers, this study highlights the promising line of research, given the importance of management for the health sector and effectiveness of Primary Health Care.

PRIMARY HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT: WHAT IS DISCUSSED IN THE LITERATURE

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify what is discussed in studies published in Brazilian and international literature in the last ten years on Primary Health Care management. Method: an integrative review with a search carried out from 2006 to 2016, in the SciELO®, LILACS®, Scopus®, PubMed® and CINAHL® databases in the Portuguese, English and Spanish languages. The review followed the steps: formulation of the research question, definition of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, identification and selection of the studies, and summary of the subjects found in the studies. Resources from The Atlas.ti® software was used for data organization and analysis. Results: the corpus include 90 studies which predominantly originated from LILACS® and were performed in Brazil. The themes covered in the publications were: health policy and management in Primary Health Care, material resources management, human resources management, financial management, quality management, planning, characterization of managers, management role/ activities, challenges/difficulties in management, potentialities/facilities in management. There was a prevalence of studies that dealt with Primary Health Care management in the context of reflections on health policies and those dealing with the challenges/difficulties faced in Primary Health Care management. These findings demonstrate that the Primary Health Care model is complex and challenging, both for policymakers and for those managing it. Conclusion: the number of studies on Primary Health Care management is significant in the current literature and the predominance of health policy and difficulties in performing management issues reinforce the recognition of the centrality of the management for effective Primary Health Care.

A governança e a relação público-privado no cotidiano das práticas em municípios de pequeno porte

Resumo No contexto institucional do sistema de saúde ressalta-se que a relação entre os setores público e privado ocorre, sobretudo, para a execução de serviços de saúde de média complexidade, principalmente nos municípios de pequeno porte (MPP). Assim, este artigo objetiva analisar a relação entre gestores públicos e prestadores privados no processo de governança regional, quanto aos fatores envolvidos na contratualização e nos mecanismos de gestão e planejamento das ações de média complexidade. Trata-se de um estudo de caso de natureza qualitativa, realizado em uma região de saúde do Paraná por meio de entrevistas com gestores públicos e privados, realizadas no período de dezembro de 2016 a fevereiro de 2017, e análise documental de instrumentos de gestão e tabelas de contratos firmados entre os mesmos. Os resultados apontam interdependência na relação de gestores públicos e prestadores privados; assimetrias de poder; interesses e benefícios, a depender da tipificação de contrato entre o município com o prestador; destacando-se vantagens e práticas clientelistas. O incipiente processo de planejamento e de medidas regulatórias pelos municípios da região e Estado demonstram a necessidade de investir em ações que favoreçam a governança, a capacidade regulatória de governos locais e o controle social nesta região.

The benefits and challenges of the Family Health Strategy in Brazilian Primary Health care: a literature review

The aim of this study was to analyze what contributions the Family Health Strategy has made towards the development of primary healthcare in Brazil, and what challenges it faces. A literature review was conducted and articles were analyzed from three dimensions: political/institutional, organizational, and technical/healthcare. In the first dimension, the Family Health Strategy was found to have helped expand primary healthcare, the institutionalization of evaluations, and the promotion of equity. The main challenges identified were funding, the training, education, and management of personnel, and cross-sectoral action. In terms of organization, the benefits include a broader supply of services, access to health services through organized initiatives for specific diseases or age groups, and more comprehensive healthcare. The challenges involve access, the entry point, integration with the healthcare network, planning, and social participation. As for technical/healthcare considerations, the main benefits identified were the fostering of multidisciplinary working practices, family focus, reception, rapport, humanization, community orientation, production of care, and performance. The challenges for its improvement are associated with complex factors and require greater political/institutional effort.