Perceptual analysis of adolescents' vocal stability during different phonation tasks

Cepstral Peak Prominence Smoothed - CPPS and Acoustic Voice Quality Index - AVQI in healthy and altered children's voices: comparation, relationship with auditory-perceptual judgment and cut-off points

PURPOSE

To compare the acoustic measurements of Cepstral Peak Prominence Smoothed (CPPS) and Acoustic Voice Quality Index (AVQI) of children with normal and altered voices, to relationship with auditory-perceptual judgment (APJ) and to establish cut-off points.

METHODS

Vocal recordings of the sustained vowel and number counting tasks of 185 children were selected from a database and submitted to acoustic analysis with extraction of CPPS and AVQI measurements, and to APJ. The APJ was performed individually for each task, classified as normal or altered, and for the tasks together defining whether the child would pass or fail in a situation of vocal screening.

RESULTS

Children with altered APJ and who failed the screening had lower CPPS values and higher AVQI values, than those with normal APJ and who passed the screening. The APJ of the sustained vowel task was related to CPPS and AVQI, and APJ of the number counting task was related only to AVQI and CPPS numbers. The cut-off points that differentiate children with and without vocal deviation are 14.07 for the vowel CPPS, 7.62 for the CPPS numbers and 2.01 for the AVQI.

CONCLUSION

Children with altered voices, have higher AVQI values and lower CPPS values, when detected in children with voices within the normal range. The acoustic measurements were related to the auditory perceptual judgment of vocal quality in the sustained vowel task, however, the number counting task was related only to the AVQI and CPPS. The cut-off points that differentiate children with and without vocal deviation are 14.07 for the CPPS vowel, 7.62 for the CPPS numbers and 2.01 for the AVQI. The three measures were similar in identifying voices without deviation and dysphonic voices.

Mapping of the characteristics in the CoDAS journal publications in the voice area: a scoping review

PURPOSE

To map and describe the characteristics present in the publications of the CoDAS journal in the voice segment.

RESEARCH STRATEGIES

The research was carried on the Scielo database using the descriptor voice.

SELECTION CRITERIA

CoDAS publications in the field of voice.

DATA ANALYSIS

Specific data collected according to delineation, summarized by descriptive analysis and analyzed in narrative format.

RESULTS

Studies published in 2019 and with cross-sectional delineation were more frequent. The most frequent result in the cross-sectional studies was the vocal self-assessment. Most intervention studies were of immediate single-session-only effect. The most frequent procedures in the validation studies were translation and transcultural adaptation.

CONCLUSION

There was a gradual increase in the number of publications of voice studies, though these had heterogeneous characteristics.

Auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice: comparing different speech tasks to identify children with and without laryngeal lesions

PURPOSE

To compare the vowel emission and number counting tasks in perceptual-auditory differentiation among children with and without laryngeal lesions.

METHODS

Observational, analytical, and cross-sectional methods were used. Medical records of 44 children were selected from a database of an otorhinolaryngology service at a University Hospital and they were divided into groups: without laryngeal lesion (WOLL), and with laryngeal lesion (WLL), with 33 and 11 children. For the auditory-perceptual evaluation, the vocal samples were separated according to the type of task. They were analyzed separately by a judge who analyzed the general degree of vocal deviation and assessed whether the child would pass or fail in the face of a screening situation.

RESULTS

There was a difference between the WOLL and WLL groups in terms of the overall degree of vocal deviation for the task of number counting, with a predominance of mild deviations in WOLL and moderate in WLL. In the screening, there was a difference between the groups during the number counting task, with more failures in the WLL. The groups were similar in the sustained vowel task, both in terms of the overall degree of vocal deviation and the vocal screening. Most children in the WLL failed in both tasks during vocal screening compared to the children in the WOLL who, in general, failed in only one task.

CONCLUSION

The task of number counting contributes to the auditory differentiation in children with and without laryngeal lesion, by identifying deviations of greater intensity in children with laryngeal lesion.

Auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice: comparing different speech tasks to identify children with and without laryngeal lesions

ABSTRACT Purpose To compare the vowel emission and number counting tasks in perceptual-auditory differentiation among children with and without laryngeal lesions. Methods Observational, analytical, and cross-sectional methods were used. Medical records of 44 children were selected from a database of an otorhinolaryngology service at a University Hospital and they were divided into groups: without laryngeal lesion (WOLL), and with laryngeal lesion (WLL), with 33 and 11 children. For the auditory-perceptual evaluation, the vocal samples were separated according to the type of task. They were analyzed separately by a judge who analyzed the general degree of vocal deviation and assessed whether the child would pass or fail in the face of a screening situation. Results There was a difference between the WOLL and WLL groups in terms of the overall degree of vocal deviation for the task of number counting, with a predominance of mild deviations in WOLL and moderate in WLL. In the screening, there was a difference between the groups during the number counting task, with more failures in the WLL. The groups were similar in the sustained vowel task, both in terms of the overall degree of vocal deviation and the vocal screening. Most children in the WLL failed in both tasks during vocal screening compared to the children in the WOLL who, in general, failed in only one task. Conclusion The task of number counting contributes to the auditory differentiation in children with and without laryngeal lesion, by identifying deviations of greater intensity in children with laryngeal lesion.

Vocal Characteristics of School-Aged Children With and Without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to describe the laryngeal anatomy, perceptual, acoustic, and aerodynamic vocal characteristics of school-aged children with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The predisposition that children with ADHD have for laryngeal injuries are recurrent in nature and are more often than not overlooked as laryngitis. Previous studies have reported varied results on the prevalence rates of pediatric vocal fold nodules within the school-aged ADHD population.

STUDY DESIGN

A static, two-group comparison was used in the study to investigate the clinical, perceptual, acoustic, and aerodynamic vocal characteristics of children between 7 and 9 years old with and without ADHD.

METHODS

The study replicated the protocol as executed by Barona-Lleo and Fernandez (2016) with additions. The Multidimensional Voice Program and the Voice Range Profile as additions to the assessment of vocal parameters were used with which comparable dysphonia severity index scores were calculated. Once-off clinical, perceptual, acoustic, and aerodynamic voice assessments were conducted on 20 age-gender matched participants (Control group mean age [months] = 98.80, standard deviation = 10.379; ADHD group mean age [months] = 108.00, standard deviation = 10.873). It was hypothesized that children with ADHD would have more hyperfunctional vocal characteristics; leading to laryngeal injuries, than their control group peers.

RESULTS

Forty-five percent (n = 9) of the total sample population (both groups combined) had laryngeal pathology. Similar parent reported etiological voice symptoms and vocal habits were seen across both groups. Both groups performed similarly across both perceptual and aerodynamic voice assessments. Acoustically, the control group achieved significantly higher producible pitches than the ADHD group (P = 0.028) and were found to have more dysphonic dysphonia severity index scores than their ADHD group peers (P = 0.034).

CONCLUSION

Prepubertal, school-aged children with or without ADHD may have similar vocal characteristics than previously thought. This is in support of the null hypothesis. The authors of the current study recommend that vocal screening in all school-aged children be carried out as an effective measure to monitor voice disorders in the pediatric population. Future research into larger sample sizes with this population with a special focus on the effect that central nervous system stimulants may have on the voice is recommended.

Resultados vocais perceptivoauditivos após Tireoplastia tipo I e fonoterapia em um caso de paralisia de prega vocal

Resumo: Verificar as modificações vocais perceptivoauditivas após intervenção cirúrgica e fonoterapêutica. Relato de caso de homem de 32 anos de idade, com paralisia de prega vocal direita decorrente de traumatismo cranioencefálico por arma de fogo, submetido à Tireoplastia tipo I e a seis sessões de fonoterapia. Avaliação vocal perceptivoauditiva da fala espontânea por meio da escala RASATI e dos aspectos: pitch e ressonância, realizada antes e após a cirurgia e após a fonoterapia. Os áudios foram analisados por três fonoaudiólogas com experiência em voz e as análises foram consideradas em conjunto para determinar o julgamento predominante em cada parâmetro. A fonoterapia consistiu em: método de sobrearticulação, constrição labial e pontos cardeais com a língua. Após a cirurgia, houve melhora da soprosidade (de grau moderado ficou discreto), astenia (de discreto ficou normal), tensão (de moderado ficou discreto) e pitch (de discretamente grave ficou normal); piora do aspecto rouquidão (de discreto ficou moderado) e não houve modificações na instabilidade (permaneceu moderado), ressonância hipernasal (permaneceu intenso), aspereza (normal). Após a fonoterapia, houve melhora da rouquidão (de moderado ficou normal) e da instabilidade (de moderado ficou discreto). Os demais aspectos não apresentaram modificações. A Tireoplastia tipo I melhorou os aspectos vocais perceptivoauditivos de soprosidade, astenia, tensão e pitch e piorou a rouquidão, sem influenciar a instabilidade e a ressonância; e a fonoterapia melhorou os aspectos de rouquidão e instabilidade. Com isso, enfatiza-se a importância da fonoterapia após cirurgias laríngeas.

Caracterização dos aspectos vocais de um coro infantojuvenil

OBJETIVO:caracterizar os aspectos de saúde vocal, o conhecimento dos coristas quanto aos cuidados com a própria voz, e realizar uma análise percepto auditiva da voz falada, em um coro infanto juvenil.MÉTODOS:participaram deste estudo 20 indivíduos, de ambos os gêneros, entre 10 e 18 anos, integrantes de um coro. Foram aplicados dois questionários: um voltado aos pais sobre a saúde geral, tratamento médico e hábitos alimentares de seus filhos e outro para os coristas, que abordou aspectos sobre vivência no canto, conhecimentos sobre a voz, hábitos e saúde vocal. Foi realizada uma triagem vocal individual para análise perceptoauditiva da voz falada por meio de protocolo específico.RESULTADOS:no questionário aplicado aos pais, foi observado que 40% dos coristas apresentaram algum tipo de alergia. Quanto ao questionário respondido pelos coristas, 65% não souberam dizer como a voz é produzida; 100% realizavam aquecimento vocal; 80% não possuíam cuidados com a voz; 35% apresentaram queixa vocal. Na triagem vocal, verificou-se 35% de coristas com voz rouca e soprosa e 5% áspera; o pitch predominantemente agudo (55%); a articulação e a ressonância equilibradas; o tipo respiratório predominante foi o médio (65%); o modo respiratório misto (45%); a coordenação pneumofonoarticulatória presente em 90%; o tempo máximo fonatório aumentado em 65%; e o coeficiente s/z mostrou-se adequado em 65%.CONCLUSÃO:nos aspectos de saúde vocal, foi observado um alto índice de alergia; nos cuidados com a própria voz, a maioria dos coristas não sabe como a voz é produzida; na análise perceptoauditiva,foram encontrados em um grande número de coristas, qualidade vocal roucosoprosa e tempo máximo fonatório aumentado.

Grupo terapêutico em fonoaudiologia: revisão de literatura

TEMA: grupo terapêutico fonoaudiológico. OBJETIVO: revisar, de maneira sistemática, pesquisas advindas de todas as áreas da Fonoaudiologia que envolveram abordagens grupais, na realidade brasileira. Foi realizada busca nos bancos de dados das bases SciELO e LILACS no período de 2005 a 2010. Foram selecionados os estudos cujos conteúdos dos resumos relacionavam-se com o objetivo da presente pesquisa. Como forma de categorização dos dados, optou-se pela análise dos seguintes aspectos: público-alvo, ano de publicação e área da Fonoaudiologia envolvida. CONCLUSÃO: observa-se um número restrito de publicações referentes ao tema (28 artigos). A maior parte dos trabalhos foi realizada com público adulto, seguido de grupos de crianças, adolescentes e idosos, respectivamente. Foi baixo o índice de artigos envolvendo grupos de familiares. Dentre as áreas da Fonoaudiologia, a de Linguagem tem o maior número de publicações envolvendo grupos, seguida pelas áreas de Voz e Audiologia. Em relação ao ano de publicação, observou-se que, de maneira geral, tem havido decréscimo do número de publicações sobre o assunto desde o ano de 2007. Concluiu-se que é restrito o número de publicações sobre grupo terapêutico na área de Fonoaudiologia. Considera-se que além de novos estudos sobre a prática grupal, outros trabalhos de revisão devam assumir a análise de categorias como aspectos metodológicos, estratégias de atuação e resultados obtidos nos processos terapêuticos grupais.