Hipertensão arterial e diabetes na Estratégia de Saúde da Família: uma análise da frequência de acompanhamento pelas equipes de Saúde da Família

[Factors associated with undiagnosed hypertension among elderly adults in Brazil - ELSI-Brazil]

This article aims to identify factors associated with undiagnosed systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) among elderly adults in Brazil. A total of 5,416 hypertensive participants in the Longitudinal Study of the Health of Elderly Brazilians (ELSI-BRAZIL) were evaluated. Undiagnosed SAH was identified by mean blood pressure (BP) ≥140/90 mmHg without previous SAH diagnosis. Logistic regression was used to verify factors associated with undiagnosed SAH. In this study, 19.8% of the hypertensive patients evaluated did not report a previous diagnosis of SAH. Age between 60 to 69 (OR: 0.68, 95%CI 0.55-0.85) and 70 to79 (OR: 0.67, 95%CI 0.51-0.89), being black (OR: 0.67, 95%CI 0.49-0.91), obese (OR: 0.51, 95%CI 0.40-0.65), having one chronic disease (OR: 0.54, 95%CI 0.44-0.66) or more (OR: 0.32, 95%CI 0.25-0.42) and medical consultations in the last year (OR: 0.47, 95%CI 0.38-0.58) were factors associated with lower chances of undiagnosed SAH, while being male (OR: 1.27, 95%CI 1,05-1,54), presenting low body weight (OR: 1.33, 95%CI 1,00-1,78) and alcohol consumption (OR: 1.36, 95%CI 1,09-1,68) increased the chances of having the undiagnosed condition. The characteristics identified in this study needs to be observed in health services, expanding early diagnosis and preventing the progression of BP and its future consequences.

Protocol for hypertensive individuals assisted in Basic Health Care

Hypertension has low control rate in Brazil and around the World, resulting in social and medical costs; thus there is the need to apply control strategies. This study aimed to create and validate a protocol for consultation and monitoring of hypertensive patients attended in primary health care. It is constituted a methodological research which uses the Delphi method for content validation. The analysis of the protocol by experts was performed in three cycles, using a scale that was not important to extremely important, with a graduation from 1 to 5. The analysis was performed by the Likert scale, percentage of agreement, content validation index, Pearson correlation. The percentage of agreement was 96%. The CVI of 0.98. The Likert scale scored items, at least, as very important. The Pearson correlation was positive for all items ranging from moderate to strong. The protocol is composed of 53 items, divided into seven dimensions. It was concluded that the protocol enables more expressive and systematics monitoring of hypertensive patients and it identifies social and individual conditions that contribute to high blood pressure, so it may be used to guide the consultation, encouraging dialogue between the professional and patient and effective recording of care.

Social Support patterns in Primary Health Care: differences between having physical diseases or mental disorders

The social support network is a health protective factor involving physical, mental and psychological aspects, providing a better quality of life, favoring better adaptation to adverse conditions, promoting resilience and mobilizing resources for a more effective coping with negative life events that can lead to illness. We aimed to analyze the association between physical diseases, common mental disorders and the social support network of patients serviced at primary care facilities in the cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo through a cross-sectional study with 1,466 patients in the 18-65 years age group. We used the Social Network Index (SNI) to assess the support network through the categories of isolation and integration. The doctor/nurse completed the questionnaire to evaluate the physical disease diagnosis, while the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to detect mental disorders. We found that the pattern of social support was different depending on the presence of physical diseases or mental disorders. Negative associations were found between diabetes and isolation; integration and anxiety; integration and depression. Positive associations were identified between isolation and anxiety and isolation and depression.

INTERNAÇÕES POR CONDIÇÕES SENSÍVEIS À ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE DECORRENTES DAS DOENÇAS CARDIOVASCULARES

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária decorrentes das doenças cardiovasculares, correlacionando-as com o número de pessoas com hipertensão estimadas e acompanhadas e com a cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família nos 78 municípios de Mato Grosso do Sul, no período 2009 a 2012. Método: estudo ecológico, com análise estatística a partir da composição de agrupamentos (clusters) que foram formados, considerando as internações por condições cardiovasculares, sensíveis à atenção primária, associadas às internações gerais dos municípios e demais internações por condições sensíveis. Associações também foram estatisticamente realizadas entre a proporção de pessoas com hipertensão acompanhadas e cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Resultados: evidenciou-se associação entre cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família e internações decorrentes de doenças cardiovasculares. Embora tenha aumento no registro de pessoas com hipertensão cadastradas e acompanhadas. Não foi observada redução no número de internações e na mortalidade pelas causas analisadas. Conclusão: a saúde da família como estratégia de intervenção na atenção primária em geral contribuiu para a redução das internações por doenças cardiovasculares. No entanto, o baixo número de pacientes cadastrados e acompanhados indica problemas nos mecanismos de implantação da estratégia e processos de trabalho.

[Accuracy of registration data for patients with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus recorded in the Hiperdia system in a state in the northeast of Brazil]

The scope of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the data recorded in the Hiperdia system assessed by geographical area, type of field and information consistency between related variables. It involved an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional investigation. The sample of 287 registration forms was randomly and proportionally obtained from the five health regions. Variables relating to blocks of registration and attendance data were selected using the percentage of inaccuracy as an indicator and classification was then made using the Romero and Cunha score (2007). The percentages between the health macro regions was compared using the chi-square test and the completion consistency was assessed using the Kappa coefficient. Of the 32 variables studied, 68.7% revealed good to excellent accuracy. In 62.5% of the variables, the accuracy of the data of the 2nd health macroregion was marked. The percentages of inaccuracy of mandatory data were higher than those for non-mandatory data. Although most of the variables revealed good usage conditions, greater involvement of managers and health professionals in the information production process is required in order to generate more accurate and reliable data.