[Factors associated with metabolic syndrome in administrative workers in the oil industry]

Diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in nursing professionals: An accuracy study

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) represents a group of cardiovascular risk factors. This article aims to evaluate the accuracy of the tools of MetS diagnosis in Nursing professionals from Primary Health Care (PHC) in Bahia, Brazil. A cross-sectional study with a random sample selected according to essential health information for the diagnostic of MetS. For MetS diagnostic, we used EGIR, NCEP-ATPIII, AACE, IDF, Barbosa et al. (2006), and IDF/AHA/NHLBI (defined as gold standard) definition. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratio were estimated for each diagnostic tool and compared with the gold standard. Kappa statistic was used to determine the agreement between the diagnostic methods. One thousand one hundred and eleven nursing professionals were included in this study. Sensitivity varied from 15% to 95.1%, and specificity varied between 99.5% and 100%. IDF and Barbosa et al. (2006) definitions were more sensitive (95.1% and 92.8%, respectively), and EGIR, NCEP, ATP III, and IDF showed 100% specificity. IDF and Barbosa et al. (2006) use suitable metabolic syndrome identification and confirmation criteria. The highest agreement was found in the definition of the IDF, Barbosa et al. (2006) and the NCEP ATP III. Defining metabolic syndrome with a higher diagnostic accuracy could contribute to the screening and the early identification of nursing professionals with cardiovascular disease risk factors, which provide opportunities for appropriate prevention and treatment.

Interaction between Work and Metabolic Syndrome: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clinical condition and a relevant risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases; it occurs as a result of lifestyle factors, e.g., work. The aim of this research was to estimate the interaction between work and MS among primary health care (PHC) nursing professionals in the state of Bahia, Brazil. A sectional multicentered study carried out in 43 municipalities in Bahia, whose study population consisted of nursing professionals. The exposure variables were occupation, professional exhaustion, and working time, and the outcome variable was MS. Interaction measures based on the additivity criteria were verified by calculating the excess risks due to the interactions and according to the proportion of cases attributed to the interactions and the synergy index. The global MS prevalence is 24.4%. There was a greater magnitude in the exposure group regarding the three investigated factors (average level occupation, professional exhaustion, and working time in PHC for more than 5 years), reaching an occurrence of 44.9% when compared to the prevalence of 13.1% in the non-exposure group (academic education, without professional burnout, and working time in PHC for up to 5 years). The study's findings showed a synergistic interaction of work aspects for MS occurrence among PHC nursing professionals.

Concepção das pessoas hipertensas e diabéticas acerca dos impactos da síndrome metabólica na sua saúde

Objetivo Conhecer a concepção dos usuários de um programa de hipertensão e diabetes acerca da síndrome metabólica. Método Trata-se de um estudo exploratório-descritivo com abordagem qualitativa realizado na cidade de Jequié, Bahia. Os participantes da pesquisa foram usuários do programa hipertensão e diabetes de um Centro de Saúde. Esse estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (Parecer N° 013/2011). Resultados Partir da análise de conteúdo emergiram três categorias: concepção da síndrome metabólica; fatores psicossociais e tratamento, e seis subcategorias: a vida em risco; medo; indiferença; diminuição da capacidade para realização das atividades da vida diária; dificuldade em se adaptar à dieta e adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso. Conclusão Percebeu-se que a doença tem um impacto negativo na vida dos usuários, pois entendem a doença como um fator que expõe suas vidas a risco e que pode reduzir ou limitar suas capacidades para a realização das tarefas diárias.  

Association between metabolic syndrome and work: an integrative review of the literature

The aim of this study was to highlight the association between occupational aspects and the occurrence of metabolic syndrome among various occupational groups. This is an integrative review of the literature that included articles indexed in the following databases: LILACS, SciELO, PubMed, and CINAHL. We evaluated 32 articles, most of which were published in Englishlanguage medical journals and with level 4 scientific evidence. The occupational aspects most commonly reported as associated with metabolic syndrome were occupation, work shift, and occupational stress. Our results indicated that occupational aspects could negatively interfere with workers' health; more robust longitudinal studies should contribute to further uncovering the reported associations.

[Repercussions of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome on adults and elderly people in the context of primary health care]

OBJECTIVE

To identify the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in users of the hypertension and diabetes mellitus program at a Health Center in Jequié City, Bahia, Brazil.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 100 patients enrolled in HIPERDIA. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the State University of Southwest of Bahia (Minutes no. 013/2011).

RESULTS

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in these users was 43%. Regarding sex, the prevalence was 35% among men and 47% among women, considering that in 23% of the medical records there were insufficient data for classification.

CONCLUSIONS

It was evidenced that the metabolic syndrome reaches proportionately more women than men, whereas, in relation to age, a higher prevalence of the disease was verified in individuals older than 60 years.

Metabolic Syndrome Among Primary Health Care Nursing Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study

This research aims at evaluating prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MS) in primary health care (PHC) nursing professionals. A multicenter, population-based and cross-sectional study was conducted in a team-tested sample of 1125 PHC nurses in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Sociodemographic, labor, lifestyle and human biology variables were investigated by mean of anamnesis. MS was evaluated according to the criteria of the first Brazilian Guideline for Metabolic Syndrome, which fully adopts the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III. MS-associated factors were tested by using robust Poisson Regression. The prevalence of MS found was 24.4%; low High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was the most prevalent component of the syndrome. In the multivariate analysis, physical inactivity (PR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.02-1.53), alcohol use (PR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.22-2.77), acanthosis nigricans (PR = 3.23, 95% CI = 2.65-3.92), burnout syndrome (PR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.17-1.81), (PR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.12-1.69), working as a nursing technician (PR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.14-1.80), were associated to MS. It was found that the prevalence of MS was high, which evidences the need for interventions in the PHC environment, improvement of working conditions, monitoring of worker safety and health, diet programs and physical activity.

Metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and other cardiovascular risk factors in university students

A cross-sectional population-based study using questionnaire and anthropometric data was conducted on 968 university students of São Luís, Brazil, from which 590 showed up for blood collection. In the statistical analysis the Student t-test, Mann-Whitney and chi-square tests were used. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome by the Joint Interim Statement (JIS) criteria was 20.5%, almost three times more prevalent in men (32.2%) than in women (13.5%) (P < 0.001). The prevalence of insulin resistance was 7.3% and the prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol was high (61.2%), both with no statistically significant differences by sex. Men showed a higher percentage of smoking, overweight, high blood pressure, high blood glucose and increased fasting hypertriglyceridemia. Women were more sedentary. University students of private institutions had higher prevalences of sedentary lifestyle, obesity, abdominal obesity, elevated triglycerides and metabolic syndrome than students from public institutions. High prevalences of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and other cardiovascular risk factors were found in this young population. This suggests that the burden of these diseases in the future will be increased.

[Offshore work and the work of nurses on board: an integrative review]

OBJECTIVE

To know the production of theoretical approaches on issues related to offshore work and the work of offshore nurses.

METHOD

Integrative literature review conducted in the databases of LILACS, BDENF, MEDLINE, SciELO and Index PSI.

RESULTS

We selected 33 studies published in national and international journals between 1997 and 2014. The thematic analysis corpus resulted in four central themes: offshore work environment; amid work adversities, an escape; structuring of offshore health and safety services; in search of safe practices.

CONCLUSION

This study contributes to the offshore work of nurses in relation to the nature of work, acting amid adversities and the restless search for safe practices in the open sea.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and related factors in bank employees according to different defining criteria, Vitória/ES, Brazil

OBJECTIVE

To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and related factors in bank employees in the city of Vitória/ES, Brazil.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional study that included 521 working men and women >20 years of age. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, biochemical, and hemodynamic characteristics were collected. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program-ATPIII and the International Diabetes Federation. A logistic regression model was used to calculate the crude and adjusted OR of the variables, and the statistical level of significance was set at 5.0%.

RESULTS

We identified 86 (17.2%) and 113 (22.6%) subjects with metabolic syndrome according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program-ATPIII and the International Diabetes Federation, respectively. The risk of developing metabolic syndrome was higher in individuals with a high school education (OR 2.6 [CI(95%), 1.1-6.1]). In overweight and obese subjects, the risks were also higher (OR 12.6 [CI(95%), 4.8-33.2, p = 0.000] and OR 43.7% [CI(95%), 16.1-118.9, p = 0.000], respectively).

CONCLUSION

A large number of bank employees have metabolic syndrome, which can be associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Individuals who had college degrees had a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome; this finding can be explained by the high rates of overweight and obesity found in subjects with college and graduate school educations.