Prevalência de fissuras labiopalatais no município de Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, 1999-2004

Global birth prevalence of Robin sequence in live-born infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Robin sequence (RS), a congenital disorder of jaw maldevelopment and glossoptosis, poses a substantial healthcare burden and has long-term health implications if airway obstruction is suboptimally treated. This study describes the global birth prevalence of RS and investigates whether prevalence estimates differ by geographical location, ethnicity or study data source (registry versus non-registry data). The protocol was prospectively registered with PROSPERO.Databases were searched using keywords and subject terms for "Robin sequence", "epidemiology", "incidence" and "birth prevalence". Meta-analysis was performed fitting random effects models with arcsine transformation.From 34 eligible studies (n=2722 RS cases), pooled birth prevalence was 9.5 per 100 000 live births (95% CI 7.1-12.1) with statistical heterogeneity. One third of studies provided a case definition for RS and numerous definitions were used. A total of 22 countries were represented, predominantly from European populations (53% of studies). There was a trend towards higher birth prevalence in European populations and lower prevalence from registry-based studies. Only two studies reported ethnicity.This study indicates that RS occurs globally. To investigate geographical differences in prevalence, additional studies from non-European populations and reporting of ethnicity are needed. Heterogeneity of estimates may be due to variable diagnostic criteria and ascertainment methods. Recently published consensus diagnostic criteria may reduce heterogeneity among future studies.

Prevalence of cleft lip and palate and associated factors in Brazil's Midwest: a single-center study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and associated factors in patients treated at a referral service in Brazil's Midwest. Data were obtained from medical records on file between 2010 and 2017 for this epidemiologic and associational study. A descriptive analysis of the sociodemographic and clinical data was carried out, after which the data were analyzed using the chi-square test and Poisson regression with robust variance. A total of 1,696 medical records were eligible. The requests for rehabilitation were mainly for children in the early years of life, and were mostly for patients from low-income families in the state of Goiás. CL/P was more prevalent in its most severe morphological representation (cleft lip and palate), and the most frequently affected side was the left. Syndromic cleft was present in 4.1% of the cases, and the Pierre Robin sequence and Apert syndrome appeared more frequently. Adjusted multivariate Poisson regression showed an association between cleft palate and the presence of syndromes, since the prevalence was 2.33 times higher in this case than that of no syndrome. Cleft lip and palate were associated with males, whereas cleft palate was associated with females. This study highlights the importance of collecting and analyzing epidemiological data, managing health service planning, and allocating funds to assist cleft patients.

Analysis of permanent second molar development in children born with cleft lip and palate

OBJECTIVE

The study of dental development in individuals born with cleft lip and palate (CLP) serves to determine when orthodontic intervention should start. To evaluate the permanent second molar development in children born with cleft lip and palate according to Demirjian's and Nolla's methods.

METHODOLOGY

Out of a total of 513 digital panoramic radiographs, 113 pairs of children aged 3 to 16 years were selected. The exams were from children born with or without cleft lip and palate, of the same sex, with an age difference of up to 30 days. The images were analyzed by three examiners and reliability was checked through intra-examiner agreement by the Kappa test. The data were analyzed by Wilcoxon's and Mann-Whitney tests according to each dataset.

RESULTS

The findings indicated delayed development of the permanent second molars in children with CLP (P<0.001). The development of the right permanent second molar was delayed compared to the left molar in children with CLP. Moreover, mandibular teeth showed significantly earlier development than maxillary teeth in both the case and control groups. There was no significant difference in the development of permanent second molars between sexes.

CONCLUSION

Children with CLP presented delay in the development of permanent second molars.

Non sindromic cleft lip and palate: relationship between sex and clinical extension

Cleft lip and/or palate represent the most common congenital anomalies of the face.

Aim

Describe the relation between non sindromic cleft lip and/or palate and sex and severity of the clef in Brazilian population.

Methods

Conducted cross-sectional study, between the years 2009 and 2011, with a population of 366 patients. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and using the multinomial logistic regression with an interval of 95% estimated the chances of the types of cleft lip and/or palate between sex.

Results

Among the 366 cases of non sindromic cleft lip and/or palate, the more frequent clefts were cleft lip and palate, followed respectively by cleft lip and cleft palate. It is noted that cleft palate were more frequent in females, while the cleft lip and palate and cleft labial predominated in males. The risk of occurrence of cleft lip in relation the cleft palate was 2.19 times in males compared to females. While the risk of cleft lip and palate in relation cleft palate was 2.78 times in males compared to females.

Conclusion

This study showed that there were differences in the distribution of the non sindromic cleft lip and/or palate between male and female.

Caries experience in a sample of adolescents and young adults with cleft lip and palate in Brazil

Objective : To compare the caries experience of adolescents and young adults with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) with a noncleft control group. Design : Thirty CL/P subjects and 30 controls were clinically examined to obtain the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) and the decayed, missing and filled surfaces (DMFS) indices, gingival bleeding index, plaque index, and active caries lesions. Data concerning oral hygiene, access to fluoridated water, mother's education level, and family income were also collected. Setting : Pro-Smile Center, a reference center for the treatment of facial deformities, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Subjects : Subjects aged 12 to 21 years with CL/P and without associated syndromes were matched to noncleft controls by sex, age, living habits, and use of orthodontic devices. Null Hypothesis Formulated Prior to Data Collection : Caries experience in CL/P adolescents and young adults is similar to that observed in noncleft controls. Statistical Analysis : Data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software for Windows Data Editor. The CL/P and control groups were compared using the McNemar test, paired t test and Wilcoxon test. A significance level of 5% was adopted for all tests. Results : There were no significant differences between the groups for oral hygiene and contact with fluoride. Significant differences were found in per capita income, presence of active caries, decayed surfaces, plaque index, and gingival bleeding. Conclusions : The caries experience of CL/P subjects was higher than that of the noncleft individuals.

Levantamento epidemiológico dos pacientes portadores de fissura de lábio e/ou palato de um centro especializado de Belo Horizonte

OBJETIVO: traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com fissura de lábio e/ou palato de um centro especializado de Belo Horizonte. MÉTODO: os dados referentes ao ano de entrada no centro, tipo de fissura, gênero, cidade de origem e idade foram obtidos de planilha do Excel contendo o cadastro dos pacientes. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio do teste qui-quadrado, com nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: a amostra foi composta por 1.219 pacientes, sendo 593 pacientes cadastrados em 2005, 273 em 2006, 222 em 2007 e 131 em 2008. Da amostra total, 49% apresentavam fissura transforame incisivo, 26% pós-forame, 19% pré-forame, 2% pré e pós-forame e 3% outros tipos de má formação craniofacial. Quanto ao gênero, 54% eram do gênero masculino e 46% do feminino. Quanto à origem, 33% eram moradores de Belo Horizonte, 28% de outras cidades da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, 38,5% do interior de Minas Gerais e 0,5% de outros Estados. Quanto à idade, esta variou de zero a 64 anos (mediana=6,0), com 40% chegando até três anos, 45,5% entre três e 18 anos e 14,5% acima de 18 anos. Segundo o ano de entrada, em 2005 prevaleceu a faixa de seis a 12 anos (29%) e nos anos seguintes a faixa de até um ano (38%, 36% e 43%). CONCLUSÃO: neste centro, a maior parte dos casos apresenta fissura do tipo transforame, é do gênero masculino, oriunda do interior do estado de Minas Gerais e formada por bebês e crianças.

Avaliação da alimentação em crianças com fissura de lábio e/ou palato atendidas em um hospital de Porto Alegre

OBJETIVO: avaliar a alimentação de crianças fissuradas e descrever suas características; verificar o tipo de alimentação e suas dificuldades alimentares. MÉTODOS: foi um estudo quantitativo, transversal, observacional e descritivo. Participaram 23 pacientes fissurados de zero a nove anos, que realizaram avaliação do sistema estomatognático e cujos responsáveis foram entrevistados. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva dos dados obtidos na avaliação, assim como análise teórica. RESULTADOS: o tipo de fissura mais encontrada foi a Fissura Transforame Unilateral. Das 23 crianças, duas (8,75%) foram amamentadas exclusivamente. As maiores dificuldades alimentares foram: seis (26,1%) dificuldade para sugar, 10 (43,5%) engasgos, quatro (17,4%) dificuldade para deglutir, três (13,0%) dificuldade para mastigar e 12 (52,2%) tinham refluxo nasal. As alterações das funções do Sistema Estomatognático mais frequentes foram a interposição lingual importante na deglutição e mastigação do tipo mascagem. CONCLUSÃO: a fissura transforame, mesmo sendo mais complexa, não excluiu o aleitamento materno exclusivo; o tipo de alimentação relacionado com a idade dos pacientes apresenta-se de maneira adequada; boa parte dos pacientes ainda usa a mamadeira com bico comum, constituindo um hábito deletério. As maiores dificuldades na alimentação relatadas pelas mães foram engasgos, refluxo nasal e dificuldade de sugar. As crianças que não apresentaram queixas de dificuldade de alimentação eram portadoras, na sua maioria, de fissura pré-forame incisivo.