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Mohammed F, Geda B, Yadeta TA, Dessie Y. Profiles and factors associated with schizophrenia in eastern Ethiopia: A matched case-control study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1016005. [PMID: 36311517 PMCID: PMC9606421 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1016005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite its strong hereditary and genetic connections, there are other factors reported to be linked to schizophrenia, but not well studied in eastern Ethiopia. Objective This study was aimed to investigating the potential profiles and factors associated with schizophrenia in eastern Ethiopia. Materials and methods A matched case-control study was conducted in two public hospitals from December 1, 2021, to January 30, 2022. Cases were patients with schizophrenia who visited the hospitals, and controls were healthy individuals without any mental illness who visited the same hospitals. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. Cases and controls were matched using age and sex. STATA-14 was used for analysis. A conditional logistic regression with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) was applied to identify the determinants. P-values of <0.05 were used to build the final model as a measure of statistical significance. Results The mean age of the study participants group was 28.6 (±8.44) years, mean age for cases was 28.7(±8.5) ranging from 18 to 56 years and the mean age for the controls was 28.4 (±8.5), ranging from 18 to 60 years. About 181 (83.03%) of the participants were male. The odds of having schizophrenia was about 12.2 times higher among participants with family history of mental illness (AOR: 12.21; 95% CI: 4.83-30.00). The odds of having schizophrenia was 4.5 times higher among polysubstance users (AOR: 4.45; 95% CI: 1.28-5.45) and 2.8 times higher among khat consumers (AOR: 2.82; 95% CI: 1.23-6.45) compared to their counterparts. Conclusion Our findings show that genetic risk factors as well as some modifiable behaviors are associated to schizophrenia in eastern Ethiopia. At all levels, special attention should be given to those who are at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fethia Mohammed
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Biftu Geda
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Madda Walabu University, Shashamane, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfaye Assebe Yadeta
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Yadeta Dessie
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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Mayer RCF, Alves MR, Yamauti SM, Silva MT, Lopes LC. Quality of Life and Functioning of People With Mental Disorders Who Underwent Deinstitutionalization Using Assisted Living Facilities: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:622973. [PMID: 34113278 PMCID: PMC8185360 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.622973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Context People with mental disorders can acquire long-term disabilities, which could impair their functioning and quality of life (QoL), requiring permanent care and social support. Systematic data on QoL and functioning, which could support a better management of these people, were not available. Objective To analyze the QoL, level of functioning and their association with sociodemographic and clinical factors of people with mental disorders who underwent deinstitutionalization using assisted living facilities. Methods A Cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2018 and July 2019, through interviews using the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) to determine the QoL scores, and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) to determine the level of functioning. All adults (≥18 years old) with mental disorders, who underwent deinstitutionalization, users of assisted living facilities and assisted by the Psychosocial Assistance Centers III, in a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, were selected. For statistical analysis of the associated factors, Student’s t-test was used for dichotomous variables and ANOVA for polynomial variables. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to measure the association between QoL and functioning scores. Results Out of 359 people who underwent deinstitutionalization with mental disorders, 147 met the eligibility criteria. The mean total score for the WHOQOL-BREF was 66.5 ± 13.4 and the mean score for WHODAS 2.0 was 10.4 ± 7.6. An association was found between people who were studying (n = 65.8; 95%CI, 63.5–68.1 vs. n = 73.9; 95%CI, 67.5–80.3; p = 0.04) and better WHOQOL-BREF QoL scores or WHODAS 2.0 levels of functioning (n = 10.9; 95%CI, 9.6–12.2 vs. n = 5.1; 95%CI, 2.5–7.7; p = 0.01). A weak negative correlation (r = 0.41) emerged between higher QoL scores and functioning improvement. Conclusion This study indicates that the QoL of the sample is associated by their functioning levels, which, in turn, may reflect on their social interactions. Public policies that favor interventions increasing socialization of this population can result in better health outcomes. The QoL and functioning scores provide valuable insights to develop public policies more suited to this population profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maíra Ramos Alves
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil
| | - Sueli Miyuki Yamauti
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil
| | | | - Luciane Cruz Lopes
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil
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de Almeida JL, Zuppo IDF, Castel S, Reis EA, de Oliveira HN, Ruas CM. Health-related quality of life in patients treated with atypical antipsychotics. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA 2020; 42:599-607. [PMID: 32556003 PMCID: PMC7678897 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To assess health-related quality of life and associated factors in patients treated with atypical antipsychotics, as well as to determine utility values using the EuroQol-5D-3L instrument. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a state-run pharmacy in the Brazilian National Health System. Individuals were included if they were using a single atypical antipsychotic and completed the EuroQol-5D-3L. Sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical data were collected. The dependent variable was the EuroQol-5D-3L utility score. Associations between the independent variables and the dependent variable were analyzed in a multiple linear regression model. Results: A total of 394 patients were included, and their mean utility score was 0.664±0.232. Patients treated with clozapine had the highest mean score (0.762 [0.202]), followed by olanzapine (0.687 [0.230]), risperidone (0.630 [0.252]), ziprasidone (0.622 [0.234]), and quetiapine (0.620 [0.243]). The following variables were related to higher utility scores: income, employment, clozapine use, no illicit psychoactive substance use, no suicide attempts, and no comorbidities. Conclusion: Evaluating health-related quality of life differences in the available atypical antipsychotics can facilitate the choice of treatment, improve health outcomes, and ensure rational prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana L de Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicamentos e Assistência Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Isabella de Figueiredo Zuppo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicamentos e Assistência Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Saulo Castel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Edna A Reis
- Departamento de Estatística, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Cristina M Ruas
- Departamento de Farmácia Social, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Drummond BLDC, Radicchi ALA, Gontijo ECD. Social factors associated with mental disorders with risk situations in the primary health care. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2014; 17 Suppl 2:68-80. [PMID: 25409638 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4503201400060006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate patients with mental disorders, with or without risk situations, treated at primary health care (PHC) units. METHOD A cross-sectional study was performed in samples of 240 patients living in a region of high social vulnerability in Belo Horizonte. The response variable was mental disorders with risk situations (MD-WR). The explanatory variables were gender, age, marital status, literacy, education, employment, social benefits and per capita income. Instruments from Berkman and Syme (social network), Sherbourne and Stewart (social support), adapted for Brazil, were applied. Pearson's χ2 test and binary logistic regression were used for the adjusted analyzes. RESULTS The factors associated with MD-WR were being male (OR = 3.62; 95%CI 1.84-7.09); having "up to one confident relative" only (OR = 2.53; 95%CI 1.18-5.42); being "not able to return home" when away from their living area (OR = 3.49; 95%CI 1.40-8.71). The reduction in the affective dimension of the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) scale increases the chance of MD-WR. CONCLUSION The availability and access to social and support networks are lower for patients with MD-WR and need to be strengthened to promote autonomy and citizenship among its users. We conclude that there is the need of public policies to increase the availability of social networking equipment and social support projects, encouraging the participation of families.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antônio Leite Alves Radicchi
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Eliane Costa Dias Gontijo
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Mattos P, Louzã MR, Palmini ALF, de Oliveira IR, Rocha FL. A multicenter, open-label trial to evaluate the quality of life in adults with ADHD treated with long-acting methylphenidate (OROS MPH): Concerta Quality of Life (CONQoL) study. J Atten Disord 2013; 17:444-8. [PMID: 22334621 DOI: 10.1177/1087054711434772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The available literature provides few studies on the effectiveness of methylphenidate in improving quality of life in individuals with ADHD. OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of methylphenidate OROS formulation (OROS MPH) through QoL in adults with ADHD. METHOD A 12-week, multicenter, open-label trial involving 60 patients was used. The measures used were Adult Self-Rating Scale, Adult ADHD Quality of Life Scale (AAQoL), State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Clinical Global Impression (CGI), and safety measures. A significance statistic level of 5% was adopted. RESULTS Analyses included 60 patients (66.7% male; M age = 31.1 years) for safety and 58 patients for effectiveness. All AAQoL subscales improved from baseline to Week 12 (p < .0001), as well as the Total AAQoL (p < .0001). A significant reduction on Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I), HAM-D, STAI, and ASRS scores was observed (p < .0001). No serious adverse event was reported. CONCLUSION Treatment of adult ADHD patients with OROS MPH improves QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Mattos
- Institute D'Or of Research and Learning, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Zanon MA, Batista NA. Qualidade de vida e grau de ansiedade e depressão em cuidadores de crianças com paralisia cerebral. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0103-05822012000300013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Avaliar o grau de ansiedade e depressão e a qualidade de vida dos cuidadores de crianças com crianças com paralisia cerebral. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal descritivo com cuidadores de crianças acompanhadas na Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (Apae) e na Associação dos Deficientes Físicos de Alagoas (Adefal), em Maceió, Alagoas. Para a coleta de dados, realizada com uma amostra de 82 cuidadores, utilizou-se a Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão (HAD) e um instrumento genérico de avaliação de qualidade de vida, o SF-36 (Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short-Form Health Survey). Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se média, desvio padrão, mediana e intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%). RESULTADOS: A média de idade dos cuidadores foi de 32,4±10,3 anos, variando de 18 a 77. Constatou-se ansiedade em 49% dos cuidadores (IC95% 38 - 60) e depressão em 31% (IC95% 22 - 42). No questionário SF-36, os domínios mais afetados foram: limitação por aspectos emocionais, com 56 pontos (IC95% 46 - 65), e vitalidade, com 57 (IC95% 52 - 62). CONCLUSÕES: Os cuidadores apresentaram alta ansiedade e depressão; não possuíam boa qualidade de vida, especialmente nos domínios "limitação por aspectos emocionais" e "vitalidade".
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Oliveira RM, Facina PCBR, Siqueira Júnior AC. A realidade do viver com esquizofrenia. Rev Bras Enferm 2012; 65:309-16. [DOI: 10.1590/s0034-71672012000200017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivou-se entender a realidade do viver com esquizofrenia a partir do relato de quem a vivencia. Foram realizadas entrevistas com dez portadores de esquizofrenia internados em hospital geral, diagnosticados com o transtorno há, no mínimo, cinco anos. Para a análise do conteúdo das entrevistas foi utilizada a análise temática. Foi identificada a categoria "Convivendo com a esquizofrenia" e seis temas que abordam o conhecimento da doença, os sintomas, a difícil convivência, o estigma, a família e a religião. Esta pesquisa pode permitir a ampliação do olhar para os portadores de esquizofrenia, uma vez que o conhecimento sobre a doença e suas implicações ocorreram a partir da perspectiva de quem vivencia cotidianamente este sofrimento.
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Silva TFCD, Mason V, Abelha L, Lovisi GM, Cavalcanti MT. Quality of life assessment of patients with schizophrenic spectrum disorders from Psychosocial Care Centers. JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE PSIQUIATRIA 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s0047-20852011000200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Assessing the quality of life and the clinical and social-demographic factors associated in schizophrenic spectrum patients (ICD-10 F20-F29) attending CAPS at the programmatic area 3.0. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample of schizophrenic spectrum patients who have been enrolled in 2008 in CAPS in programmatic area (AP) 3 at Rio de Janeiro city, using MINIPLUS to assess schizophrenia spectrum disorder and use of psychoactive substances, Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) to assess psychiatric symptoms and Quality of Life Scale (QLS-BR) to assess the quality of life. RESULTS: Seventy nine patients were included, of whom 74 (93.7%) presented some impairment in quality of life. The most frequently affected area was occupational performance. Variables that showed a significant association with severe impairment of quality of life were: marital status, race, occupation, who patients lived with, homelessness, having children, previous psychiatric hospitalization, negative symptoms and symptoms designated as not applicable (being characterized by a lack of typical positive and negative symptoms). CONCLUSION: The knowledge of these factors should be crucial to implement health policies and psychosocial rehabilitation programs focused on improving the quality of life of these patients.
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Cesari L, Bandeira M. Avaliação da qualidade de vida e percepção de mudança em pacientes com esquizofrenia. JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE PSIQUIATRIA 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s0047-20852010000400005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Investigar os fatores associados à qualidade de vida (QV) em pacientes com esquizofrenia, em particular a percepção de mudanças pelo próprio paciente, em função do tratamento recebido em serviços de saúde mental. MÉTODO: O estudo foi conduzido em Divinópolis (MG), com pacientes atendidos no Serviço de Referência em Saúde Mental. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais estruturadas com a aplicação da Escala de Qualidade de Vida (QLS-BR), Escala de Mudança Percebida (EMP) e questionário sociodemográfico e clínico. Foram conduzidas três análises de regressão linear múltipla, para determinar a importância relativa dos fatores preditores da QV. RESULTADOS: Participaram deste estudo 72 pacientes, sendo a maioria do sexo masculino (59,7%), com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia paranoide (87,5%). A QV dos pacientes enquadrou-se na categoria de considerável prejuízo, com um escore médio global de 3,64. A média global das mudanças percebidas pelos pacientes foi de 2,46. Os principais preditores de melhor QV foram: em primeiro lugar, o escore global de mudança percebida e os escores das subescalas "Aspectos psicológicos e sono" e "Ocupação e saúde física". Outros três preditores foram: estar trabalhando, tomar a medicação sozinho e fazer uso de medicação apenas do tipo oral. CONCLUSÃO: A percepção de mudanças pelo próprio paciente, em função do tratamento, é um fator preditivo importante da QV.
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Santana AFFDA, Chianca TCM, Cardoso CS. Qualidade de vida de pacientes com esquizofrenia internados em hospital de custódia. JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE PSIQUIATRIA 2009. [DOI: 10.1590/s0047-20852009000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Investigar a qualidade de vida (QV) de pacientes com o diagnóstico de esquizofrenia que cumprem medida de segurança em regime fechado. MÉTODOS: Estudo epidemiológico com delineamento transversal, realizado com pacientes de um hospital de custódia. As entrevistas foram conduzidas utilizando questionário sociodemográfico e a escala de qualidade de vida Quality of Life Scale (QLS-BR), específica para pacientes com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia. Foi realizada análise descritiva e multivariada. A associação entre os escores de QV e as características clínicas, sociodemográficas e do delito foi obtida por análise multivariada, através da árvore de decisão, por meio do algoritmo Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID). RESULTADOS: Participaram deste estudo 54 pacientes, sendo 90,7% do sexo masculino, com a média de idade de 40 anos. Todos os domínios de qualidade de vida, inclusive o global, apresentaram escores compatíveis com uma QV muito baixa. O domínio ocupacional apresentou-se como o mais comprometido. Maior duração da doença, ter cometido homicídio e estar com idade superior a 40 anos foram as variáveis associadas a uma baixa qualidade de vida pela análise multivariada. CONCLUSÃO: Evidenciou-se uma baixa QV dos pacientes que cumprem medida de segurança em regime fechado, realidade que precisa ser modificada a partir da viabilização de mudanças nas políticas brasileiras.
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Zimmer M, Duncan AV, Laitano D, Ferreira EE, Belmonte-de-Abreu P. A twelve-week randomized controlled study of the cognitive-behavioral Integrated Psychological Therapy program: positive effect on the social functioning of schizophrenic patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 29:140-7. [PMID: 17650536 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-44462006005000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of twelve weekly sessions of the cognitive-behavioral program originally known as the Integriertes Psychologisches Therapieprogramm für Schizophrene Patienten, designated the Integrated Psychological Therapy (IPT) program in English, on cognition, social adjustment and quality of life in schizophrenic outpatients, comparing it to the effect of treating such patients as usual. METHOD Fifty-six adult outpatients (from 18 to 65 years of age) with ICD-10-based diagnoses of schizophrenia were randomly assigned to two different groups: active intervention (IPT group); and treatment as usual (control group). Outcome measures were quality of life (as determined using the WHOQOL-Bref), cognition (Mini-Mental State Examination and Word Recall Test), global functioning (DSM-IV Global Assessment of Functioning Scale), social functioning (Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale) and social adjustment (Social Adjustment Scale). RESULTS The findings suggest that, in comparison with treatment as usual (control group), the twelve-session IPT program had a positive effect on several outcome measures: cognition in the domains of spatiotemporal orientation (p = 0.051) and memory (p = 0.031); overall social adjustment (p = 0.037), leisure/social life (p = 0.051) and family relations (p = 0.008); overall functioning (p = 0.000); social-occupational functioning (p = 0.000); and quality of life in the psychological domain (p = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS The twelve-session cognitive-behavioral IPT intervention demonstrated superiority over treatment as usual in its effects on cognition, social adjustment and quality of life. Studies involving larger samples, longer follow-up periods and additional outcome measures are needed in order to assess the specific effects on dimensions of social functioning, cognitive functioning and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilene Zimmer
- Social Psychiatry, Schizophrenia Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil.
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Delevati DM, Palazzo LDS. Atitudes de empresários do Sul do Brasil em relação aos portadores de doenças mentais. JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE PSIQUIATRIA 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s0047-20852008000400003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
O trabalho é reconhecidamente importante veículo de inclusão social e exercício de cidadania. Entretanto, poucas oportunidades são oferecidas àqueles portadores de transtornos mentais. OBJETIVO: Este estudo objetivou conhecer as atitudes de empresários, em relação aos portadores de transtornos mentais, filiados ao Centro Empresarial, em uma cidade do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil (n = 536). MÉTODO: Delineamento transversal censitário. Foram estudadas as variáveis sociodemográficas e as atitudes diante dos portadores de transtornos mentais. Como instrumento de medida, foi utilizado questionário, anônimo, auto-aplicado, e a escala de atitudes e opiniões sobre a doença mental (ODM). Na análise dos dados foi utilizada estatística descritiva e ANOVA. RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se que 89,7% dos empresários denotam atitudes que caracterizam idéias protecionistas; 75,5% acreditam na irrecuperabilidade e na periculosidade dessas pessoas e 73,2% manifestaram-se favoráveis à restrição social dos que sofrem de transtorno mental grave. CONCLUSÃO: Para efetiva reabilitação psicossocial do portador de transtorno mental, há necessidade de campanhas educativas com o intuito de sensibilizar os empresários para a inclusão laboral dessa população.
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Evaluation of schizophrenic patients quality of life. VOJNOSANIT PREGL 2008; 65:383-91. [DOI: 10.2298/vsp0805383o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
<zakljucak> I pored metodoloskih i epistemioloskih nedostataka istrazivanja kvaliteta zivota shizofrenih bolesnika (manjkavost jedinstvenog metodoloskog pristupa, sto povlaci za sobom neodredjenosti u definisanju problema istrazivanja i teskoce u operacionalizaciji) ova ispitivanja su se pokazala kao pouzdan indikator ishoda (outcome indicator) razlicitih oblika tretmana shizofrenih bolesnika, primene lekova, posebno. I ako rezultati ovih, u sustini multidimenzionih, istrazivanja zavise od depresivnog raspolozenja, crta licnosti i mehanizama prilagodjavanja koje shizofreni ispitanik koristi, istrazivanja kvaliteta zivota shizofrenih bolesnika ce ostati pouzdan, naucno verifikovan pokazatelj humanog statusa najbrojnijih medju teskim psihijatrijskim bolesnicima. Sto se instrumenata istrazivanja kvaliteta zivota tice, izdvojili bismo tri. Prvi od njih, Upitnik o kvalitetu zivota (QLS), najstariji je i dugo se, zbog dobrih metrickih svojstava, koristio u istrazivanjima ove vrste u svetu, ukljucujuci i domace autore 84. Sledeci, Mancesterski upitik o kvalitetu zivota (MANSA) relativno je kratak i primenjivan je u novijim istrazivanjima kvaliteta zivota psihijatrijskih bolesnika u svetu i kod nas. Najzad, izdvojili bismo onaj koji se najvise koristi. To je WHO-QOL-Brief, kraca verzija Upitnika o kvalitetu zivota shizofrenih bolesnika SZO. On se vrlo cesto pojavljuje u najnovijim istrazivanjima ove vrste (poslednjih pet godina) u svetu, a posebno u studijama sa transkulturnim obelezjima. Izbor ovog poslednjeg instrumenta omogucio bi nasim istrazivacima, ne samo brzo prikupljanje podataka, nego i validnije poredjenje sopstvenih rezultata istrazivanja sa slicnima u svetu. Istrazivanja kvaliteta zivota psihijatrijskih bolesnika, a shizofrenih bolesnika posebno, smatramo nezaobilaznim, ne samo u naucnim studijama vezanim za probleme najrasirenijeg psihoticnog poremecaja, nego i vaznim za planiranje i evaluaciju programa pomoci hronicnim psihoticnim bolesnicima uopste, posebno ako se imaju u vidu ambiciozne reforme institucijske psihijatrijske zastite zapocete kod nas.
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Vidal CEL, Gontijo ECDM, Bandeira MB. Avaliação das habilidades de vida independente e comportamento social de pacientes psiquiátricos desospitalizados. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s0101-81082007000300009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUÇÃO: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento social e as habilidades de vida independente de um grupo de pacientes psiquiátricos antes de sua saída do hospital e 2 anos após a sua transferência para as residências terapêuticas. MÉTODO: Estudo de corte transversal, realizado em duas etapas distintas, antes e depois, utilizando-se, como instrumentos, as escalas Independent Living Skills Survey e Social Behavior Scale. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino (58,7%), com médias de idade e tempo de internação iguais a 57,5±11,8 anos e 29,8±10,2 anos; 54,6% tinham diagnóstico de esquizofrenia; 25,3%, de deficiência mental; e o restante, de categorias várias. Houve melhora significativa no comportamento social e no grau de autonomia dos pacientes (p <0,05) ao se comparar os escores dos pacientes nas escalas, nas fases 1 e 2. As variáveis que mais se associaram com o escore de evolução foram idade, tempo de internação e nível inicial de funcionamento dos pacientes. DISCUSSÃO: As limitações no funcionamento social e no grau de autonomia dos pacientes, na primeira fase do estudo, não foram incompatíveis com a convivência na comunidade. Os pacientes apresentaram evolução satisfatória no comportamento social e nas habilidades cotidianas ao longo de 2 anos, de acordo com os escores de evolução medidos pelas duas escalas.
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