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Mourão RVC, Júnior ECP, Barros Silva PG, Turatti E, Mota MRL, Alves APNN. Study of the relationship between mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate and Ki-67 and basement membrane and extracellular matrix protein expression in radicular cysts. Int Endod J 2015; 49:447-53. [PMID: 26011468 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the relationship between mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate and the expression of a proliferative immunomarker (Ki-67) as well as to evaluate basement membrane and extracellular matrix proteins (laminin and collagen type IV) in radicular cysts and dentigerous cysts (DC). METHODOLOGY Immunohistochemical analyses were performed in heavily inflamed radicular cysts (HIRC), slightly inflamed radicular cysts (SIRC) and DC (n = 20) using Ki-67 (Dako(®) , 1 : 50), anticollagen type IV (DBS(®) , 1 : 40) and antilaminin (DBS(®) , 1 : 20). The data were analysed using anova/Tukey's test (Ki-67) and Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn's test (collagen type IV and laminin) (P < 0.05). RESULTS The immunoexpression of Ki-67 was significantly greater in the SIRC group compared with the HIRC and DC (P = 0.0040). Likewise, the immunoexpression of collagen type IV in the basement membrane of the SIRC group was significantly more continuous (P = 0.0475) than in the HIRC group. DC had significantly less collagen type IV in extracellular matrix immunoexpression than HIRC and SIRC (P = 0.0246). Laminin was absent in the basement membrane in the SIRC and DC groups, and the extracellular matrix of the HIRC was weak and punctate. CONCLUSION The presence of inflammatory factors in the radicular cyst wall modified the expression of proliferation factors in the epithelial lining and the expression of collagen type IV and laminin in the basement membrane, but did not modify extracellular matrix behaviour in radicular cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V C Mourão
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - E C Pinheiro Júnior
- Division of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fortaleza University, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - P G Barros Silva
- Division of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - E Turatti
- Division of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Fortaleza University, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - M R L Mota
- Division of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - A P N N Alves
- Division of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Pazdera J, Kolar Z, Zboril V, Tvrdy P, Pink R. Odontogenic keratocysts/keratocystic odontogenic tumours: biological characteristics, clinical manifestation and treatment. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2012; 158:170-4. [PMID: 23073530 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2012.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) now reclassified as Keratocystic odontogenic tumours (KCOTs) are a clinical entity with a characteristic microscopic picture, kinetic growth and biological behaviour. They arise from the proliferation of the epithelial dental lamina in both maxilla and mandible and occur in patients of all ages. 70-80% of keratocysts are found in the mandible commonly in the angle between the jaw and mandibular branch and maxillary region of the third molar. The cysts are long latent, often symptomless and may attain remarkable dimensions without significant deformation of the jaw bones. They are often found during routine dental X-ray examination. Compared to other types of jaw cyst, odontogenic cysts have a striking tendency to rapid growth and re-occurrence. AIMS This review focuses on the biological characteristics, clinical behaviour and treatment of KCOTs. METHODS The databases searched were the PubMed interface of MEDLINE and LILACS. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Ondontogenic keratinocysts are not currently a diagnostic problem. Orthopantomograms which are today ordinary tools of dental investigation enable diagnosis of clinically asymptomatic cystic lesions. The problem remains the optimal therapeutic approach to reduce the still high likelihood of postoperative recurrence. There is no complete consensus on the ideal operating procedure but cystectomy with delayed extirpation is favoured. An open question also remains the timeliness of screening for postoperative recurrences. Given that the first clinical manifestation of Nevoid Basal Cell Carcioma Syndome (NBCCS) may be lesions of this type, routine histopathological classification supplemented by analysis of immunophenotype should be done. Patients with proven sporadic and especially syndromic OKC should be long term screened. In patients with NBCC preventive X ray examination is recommended only once a year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindrich Pazdera
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Henriques ÁCG, Vasconcelos MG, Galvão HC, de Souza LB, de Almeida Freitas R. Comparative analysis of the immunohistochemical expression of collagen IV, MMP-9, and TIMP-2 in odontogenic cysts and tumors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 112:468-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Mendes RA, Carvalho JFC, van der Waal I. Potential relevance of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in keratocystic odontogenic tumours - an immunohistochemical study. J Oral Pathol Med 2010; 40:497-503. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2010.00997.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Silva Gurgel CA, Gonçalves Ramos EA, Araújo Melo L, Brandi Schlaepfer C, de Souza RO, Campos Oliveira M, dos Santos JN. Immunolocalisation of laminin-1 in keratocystic odontogenic tumors. Acta Histochem 2010; 112:624-9. [PMID: 19773031 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2009.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Revised: 06/17/2009] [Accepted: 06/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KOTs) are distinct odontogenic lesions frequently affecting the jawbones. They may be associated with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), and may exhibit disorders involving the extracellular matrix. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunolocalisation of laminin-1 in 20 cases of KOTs in order to contribute to the characterization of this protein, which is little studied in odontogenic tumors. Our results showed laminin-1 in all 20 KOTs studied; its labelling intensity was weak in three cases (15%), moderate in five (25%) and strong in 12 cases (60%). Laminin-1 immunolocalisation was predominantly continuous in 18 (90%) KOTs, including areas of acanthosis, subepithelial split and epithelial buds. Weak immunolabelling was observed in regions exhibiting an inflammatory process, especially in the case of intense inflammation. These findings suggest that laminin-1 does not participate in biological processes such as cystic epithelium-cystic wall separation or the formation of epithelial islands in KOTs. Furthermore, the discontinuous and weak labelling of this protein in the basement membrane of these tumors is probably a consequence of the inflammatory process in the tumor stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Araújo Silva Gurgel
- Laboratory of Oral Surgical Pathology, School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Bahia, Canela, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Mendes RA, Carvalho JFC, van der Waal I. Characterization and management of the keratocystic odontogenic tumor in relation to its histopathological and biological features. Oral Oncol 2010; 46:219-25. [PMID: 20189443 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2010.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2009] [Revised: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT), formerly referred to as odontogenic keratocyst, is a benign neoplasm of odontogenic origin which may present an aggressive and infiltrative behavior leading to high recurrence rates. A review of the various treatment modalities, ranging from simple enucleation to radical surgery is portrayed in relation to clinical, radiological, histopathological and molecular features. Although prognostic factors based on clinico-pathologic and immunohistochemical findings for determining the potential for recurrence of KCOT still remains unclear, its use for determining the potential for recurrence of KCOT after surgical treatment may become important to successfully manage this neoplasm's aggressive behavior. The key element for future management of KCOTs will probably be based on thorough knowledge of the biological basis of this tumor, thereby enabling a more tailored treatment approach.
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Biological pathways involved in the aggressive behavior of the keratocystic odontogenic tumor and possible implications for molecular oriented treatment – An overview. Oral Oncol 2010; 46:19-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2009.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2009] [Revised: 10/26/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Cavalcante RB, Pereira KMA, Nonaka CFW, Nogueira RLM, de Souza LB. Immunohistochemical expression of MMPs 1, 7, and 26 in syndrome and nonsyndrome odontogenic keratocysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 106:99-105. [PMID: 18585626 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Revised: 12/06/2007] [Accepted: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to analyze the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1, 7, and 26 in odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) associated with Gorlin syndrome (SOKCs) and nonsyndrome OKCs (NSOKCs). STUDY DESIGN Twenty-one SOKCs and 20 NSOKCs were evaluated for epithelial expression of MMP-1, MMP-7, and MMP-26 and for mesenchymal expression of MMP-1 by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Strong epithelial positivity to MMP-1 was observed in 76% of SOKCs and in 15% of NSOKCs (P < .05). Strong mesenchymal immunoreactivity to MMP-1 was observed in 38% of SOKCs and in 20% of NSOKCs (P > .05). Epithelial immunoreactivity to MMP-7 was strongly positive in 67% of SOKCs and in 40% of NSOKCs (P > .05). For MMP-26, strong positivity was found in 62% of SOKCs, in contrast to 35% of NSOKCs (P > .05). CONCLUSION MMPs-1, -7 and -26 may play important roles in the biology of OKCs. Furthermore, the presence of these proteases at higher levels in SOKCs may help to explain increased OKC aggressiveness associated with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome.
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Kolár Z, Geierová M, Bouchal J, Pazdera J, Zboril V, Tvrdý P. Immunohistochemical analysis of the biological potential of odontogenic keratocysts. J Oral Pathol Med 2006; 35:75-80. [PMID: 16430736 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2006.00382.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyse the usefulness of detecting important apoptosis and proliferation markers in assessing the biological potential of odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) and thus selecting the optimal diagnostic algorithm for these lesions. METHODS Indirect immunohistochemistry and relevant statistical methods were used for analysis of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples from 98 patients. RESULTS Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) keratocysts were characterized by higher expression of Bcl-2, p27Kip1 and c-erbB-2 as well as by lower proliferative activity measured by Ki-67 in basal cell epithelium and by a lower inflammatory response in comparison with sporadic keratocysts. Dentigerous, radicular and non-specified odontogenic cysts differed from both NBCCS and sporadic keratocysts in a wide spectrum of apoptosis and/or cell cycle-related protein expressions, higher proliferation in the basal cell layer, and vice versa, lower proliferation in the suprabasal cell layer. CONCLUSIONS The NBCCS keratocysts have a different immunophenotype from sporadic keratocysts and both types are distinguishable from dentigerous, radicular and non-specified odontogenic cysts. These findings confirm the separate biological potential of these lesions and the results of the immunohistochemical analysis have diagnostic and prognostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenek Kolár
- Institute of Pathology and Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Amorim RFB, Godoy GP, Galvão HC, Souza LB, Freitas RA. Immunohistochemical assessment of extracellular matrix components in syndrome and non-syndrome odontogenic keratocysts. Oral Dis 2004; 10:265-70. [PMID: 15315642 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2004.01023.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigate the immunohistochemical distribution of fibronectin, tenascin, laminin and collagen IV in syndrome (SOKC) and non-syndrome odontogenic keratocysts (NSOKC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten cases of SOKC and five of NSOKC were selected and streptoavidin-biotin technique was applied. The specimens were analyzed taking into account the following evaluation parameters: presence, continuity and thickness in the basement membrane and intensity, distribution and association with inflammatory cells in the cyst wall. RESULTS Differences could be detected regarding tenascin, fibronectin and collagen IV between the SOKC and NSOKC. Tenascin was present in all cases along the basement membrane in SOKC and in five cases of NSOKC predominated negative areas. Furthermore, tenascin distribution was focal in the cyst wall in SOKC whereas in NSOKC it was diffuse. Concerning fibronectin, it was detected as a discontinuous band when present in SOCK and as a continuous band in NSOKC. Collagen IV was not present in the majority of the cases in SOKC. Negative areas for laminin predominated in the basement membrane in both groups. CONCLUSIONS These findings show differences between the immunohistochemical expression of tenascin, fibronectin and collagen IV which might indicate a more aggressive biological behavior of SOKC as compared with NSOKC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F B Amorim
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-RN, Brazil
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de Oliveira MDC, de Miranda JL, de Amorim RFB, de Souza LB, de Almeida Freitas R. Tenascin and fibronectin expression in odontogenic cysts. J Oral Pathol Med 2004; 33:354-9. [PMID: 15200484 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2004.00212.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Odontogenic cysts (OCs) present distinct evolution and clinical behavior. This study was performed in order to investigate if some components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) may drive these differences. METHODS Thirty OCs were selected: 10 radicular cysts (RCs), 10 dentigerous cysts (DCs), 10 non-syndrome odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) and they were immunohistochemically analyzed to verify the expression pattern of tenascin and fibronectin. RESULTS Tenascin immunostaining was mainly intense as a thick band deep to the epithelial-mesenchymal interface in both RCs and OKCs. The intense tenascin immunoexpression observed in the RCs was usually associated with inflammation. An intense fibronectin reactivity was observed in the basement membrane region and at the cystic wall of OKCs. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate differences between the expression of ECM proteins in the OCs studied. The higher tenascin and fibronectin expression in the capsule of OKCs suggests marked instability in the cystic structure and may contribute to its aggressive behavior.
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Agaram NP, Collins BM, Barnes L, Lomago D, Aldeeb D, Swalsky P, Finkelstein S, Hunt JL. Molecular Analysis to Demonstrate That Odontogenic Keratocysts Are Neoplastic. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2004; 128:313-7. [PMID: 14987156 DOI: 10.5858/2004-128-313-matdto] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Context.—Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) are unique odontogenic lesions that have the potential to behave aggressively, that can recur, and that can be associated with the nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. Whether they are developmental or neoplastic continues to be debated.
Objectives.—To identify loss of heterozygosity of tumor suppressor genes in OKCs and to suggest a pathogenetic origin for these lesions.
Design.—We examined 10 OKCs for loss of heterozygosity of tumor suppressor genes, using a microdissection and semiquantitative genotyping analysis. The genes analyzed included 10 common tumor suppressor genes, as well as the PTCH gene, which is mutated in nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome.
Results.—Loss of heterozygosity was seen in 7 of 10 cases, with a frequency between 11% and 80% of the genes studied. The genes that exhibited the most frequent allelic losses were p16, p53, PTCH, and MCC (75%, 66%, 60%, and 60%, respectively). Daughter cysts were associated with a higher frequency of allelic loss (P = .02), but epithelial budding was not.
Conclusions.—Our study indicates that a significant number of OKCs show clonal loss of heterozygosity of common tumor suppressor genes. The finding of clonal deletion mutations of genomic DNA in these cysts supports the hypothesis that they are neoplastic rather than developmental in origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasimhan P Agaram
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa 15213, USA
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