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Hou M, Wang Z, Sun L, Jia Y, Wang S, Cai Y. Characteristics of lactic acid bacteria, microbial community and fermentation dynamics of native grass silage prepared in Inner Mongolian Plateau. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1072140. [PMID: 36699609 PMCID: PMC9868709 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1072140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction To prepare high-quality silage, we studied the chemical composition, silage fermentation, characterization, and identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) associated with the silage fermentation of native grass on the Inner Mongolian Plateau. Methods LAB were isolated from fresh native grass and their silage, and silages were prepared using a small-scale fermentation system with 2-3 cm length in plastic bags. Results The dominant species of native grasses used were Stipa baicalensis, Leymus chinensis, Cleistogenes squarrosa, Melissilus ruthenicus and Pulsatilla turczaninovii, which contained 47.83-59.43 % moisture, 55.12-67.74 % neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and 8.72-14.55 crude protein (CP), and these nutrients did not change greatly during ensiling. Good preservation with a relatively low pH (below 4.44) and high (p < 0.05) lactic acid content (>0.58) was obtained after ensiling. Based on the morphological and biochemical characteristics, these isolates were divided into 12 groups (A-L). All isolate strains were gram-positive and catalase-negative bacteria that produce lactic acid from glucose. Group A-K were cocci, while group L was rod-shaped. Group A-E formed D-lactic acid, but group H-K formed L-lactic acid, and other groups formed DL-lactic acid. Group A-E were heterofermentative, and Group F-L were homofermentative types of LAB. According to the 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis, strains were identified as genus Leuconostoc (A, B, and C), Weissellla (D, E), Pediococcus (F, G), Enterococcus (H, I, J and K), and Lactiplantibacillus (L). Enterococcus (E.) faecium (29.17%, percentage of total isolates) and Pediococcus (P.) acidilactici (18.75%) were the most frequently occurring dominant species. Discussion This study suggests that the native grasses contained abundant LAB species, and they can be used as good-quality silages in animal husbandry. In addition, the strains P. acidilactici and E. faecium were the most frequently isolated from native grass silages as dominant species which can be a potentially excellent inoculant for native grass silage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Hou
- College of Life Science, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng, China,Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China,*Correspondence: Zhijun Wang, ; Yimin Cai,
| | - Lin Sun
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural Science & Animal Husbandry, Hohhot, China
| | - Yushan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Shicong Wang
- College of Life Science, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng, China
| | - Yimin Cai
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Japan,*Correspondence: Zhijun Wang, ; Yimin Cai,
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Chen YS, Wang LT, Wu YC, Mori K, Tamura T, Chang CH, Chang YC, Wu HC, Yi HH, Wang PY. Leuconostoc litchii sp. nov., a novel lactic acid bacterium isolated from lychee. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:1585-1590. [PMID: 32228772 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel lactic acid bacterium, strain MB7T, was isolated from lychee in Taiwan. MB7T is Gram-staining-positive, catalase-negative, non-motile, non-haemolytic, facultatively anaerobic, coccoid-shaped, heterofermentative and mainly produces d-lactic acid from glucose. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA, pheS and rpoA gene sequences has demonstrated that the novel strain represented a member of the genus Leuconostoc. 16S rRNA gene sequencing results indicated that MB7T had the same sequence similarity of 99.25 % to four type strains of members of the genus Leuconostoc: Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum DSM 20484T, Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. jonggajibkimchii DRC 1506T, Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides ATCC 8293T and Leuconostoc suionicum DSM 20241T. Additionally, high 16S rRNA sequence similarities were also observed with Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris ATCC 19254T (99.12 %) and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides NRIC 1777T (98.69 %). When comparing the genomes of these type strains, the average nucleotide identity values and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values of MB7T with these type strains were 76.57-80.53 and 22.0-22.6 %, respectively. MB7T also showed different phenotypic characteristics to other most closely related species of the genus Leuconostoc, such as carbohydrate metabolizing ability, halotolerance and growth at various pHs. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic properties, strain MB7T represents a novel species belonging to the genus Leuconostoc, for which the name Leuconostoc litchii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MB7T (=BCRC 81077T=NBRC 113542T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Sheng Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No. 5, De-Ming Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-Ting Wang
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center (BCRC), Food Industry Research and Development Institute, 331 Shih-Pin Rd., Hsinchu 30062, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Chi Wu
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center (BCRC), Food Industry Research and Development Institute, 331 Shih-Pin Rd., Hsinchu 30062, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Koji Mori
- Biological Resource Center (NBRC), National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NITE), 2-5-8 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Biological Resource Center (NBRC), National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NITE), 2-5-8 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Chi-Huan Chang
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Chung Chang
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No. 5, De-Ming Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Chung Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No. 5, De-Ming Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Hui Yi
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No. 5, De-Ming Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pin-Yun Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No. 5, De-Ming Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan, ROC
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Autochthonous Acid-Producing Bacteria from Catfish ( Clarias sp.) with Antibacterial Activity against Selected Fish Pathogens: A Preliminary Study. Int J Microbiol 2020; 2020:8526581. [PMID: 32190055 PMCID: PMC7068145 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8526581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the application of an autochthonous microorganism as probiotic on catfish (Clarias sp.) was scarcely reported. This study aimed to obtain probiotic candidates from the digestive tract (intestinal and gastric) of catfish. A total of nine isolates were successfully isolated from the catfish. Almost all bacterial colonies were morphologically round, had flat edges, were yellow, and produced clear zones as a sign of producing acid during culture. The analysis showed that the three isolates had the best activity in inhibiting fish pathogen isolates. Furthermore, molecular analysis revealed that those three isolates were Bacillus velezensis UB-C1, Bacillus amyloliquifaciens UB-C5, and Bacillus cereus UB-C8. Interestingly, those three bacteria were non-lactic acid bacteria.
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Ruiz Rodríguez LG, Mohamed F, Bleckwedel J, Medina R, De Vuyst L, Hebert EM, Mozzi F. Diversity and Functional Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Wild Fruits and Flowers Present in Northern Argentina. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1091. [PMID: 31164879 PMCID: PMC6536596 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are capable of converting carbohydrate substrates into organic acids (mainly lactic acid) and producing a wide range of metabolites. Due to their interesting beneficial properties, LAB are widely used as starter cultures, as probiotics, and as microbial cell factories. Exploring LAB present in unknown niches may lead to the isolation of unique species or strains with relevant technological properties. Autochthonous rather than allochthonous starter cultures are preferred in the current industry of fermented food products, due to better adaptation and performance of autochthonous strains to the matrix they originate from. In this work, the lactic microbiota of eight different wild tropical types of fruits and four types of flowers were studied. The ability of the isolated strains to produce metabolites of interest to the food industry was evaluated. The presence of 21 species belonging to the genera Enterococcus, Fructobacillus, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, and Weissella was evidenced by using culture-dependent techniques. The isolated LAB corresponded to 95 genotypically differentiated strains by applying rep-PCR and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene; subsequently, representative strains of the different isolated species were studied for technological properties, such as fast growth rate and acidifying capacity; pectinolytic and cinnamoyl esterase activities, and absence of biogenic amine biosynthesis. Additionally, the strains' capacity to produce ethyl esters as well as mannitol was evaluated. The isolated fruit- and flower-origin LAB displayed functional properties that validate their potential use in the manufacture of fermented fruit-based products setting the background for the design of novel functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana G Ruiz Rodríguez
- Technology and Development Laboratory, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Florencia Mohamed
- Technology and Development Laboratory, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Juliana Bleckwedel
- Technology and Development Laboratory, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Roxana Medina
- Technology and Development Laboratory, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Luc De Vuyst
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elvira M Hebert
- Technology and Development Laboratory, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Fernanda Mozzi
- Technology and Development Laboratory, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
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Sánchez J, Vegas C, Zavaleta AI, Esteve-Zarzoso B. Predominance of Lactobacillus plantarum Strains in Peruvian Amazonian Fruits. Pol J Microbiol 2019; 68:127-137. [PMID: 31050261 PMCID: PMC7256758 DOI: 10.21307/pjm-2019-015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was the identification and characterization of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Peruvian Amazonian fruits. Thirty-seven isolates were obtained from diverse Amazonian fruits. Molecular characterization of the isolates was performed by ARDRA, 16S-23S ITS RFLP and rep-PCR using GTG5 primers. Identification was carried out by sequencing the 16S rDNA gene. Phenotypic characterization included nutritional, physiological and antimicrobial resistance tests. Molecular characterization by Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA) and 16S-23S ITS RFLP resulted in four restriction profiles while GTG5 analysis showed 14 banding patterns. Based on the 16S rDNA gene sequence, the isolates were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum (75.7%), Weissella cibaria (13.5%), Lactobacillus brevis (8.1%), and Weissella confusa (2.7%). Phenotypic characterization showed that most of the isolates were homofermentative bacilli, able to ferment glucose, maltose, cellobiose, and fructose and grow in a broad range of temperatures and pH. The isolates were highly susceptible to ampicillin, amoxicillin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, erythromicyn, penicillin, and tetracycline and showed great resistance to kanamycin, gentamycin, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and vancomycin. No proteolytic or amylolytic activity was detected. L. plantarum strains produce lactic acid in higher concentrations and Weissella strains produce exopolymers only from sucrose. Molecular methods allowed to accurately identify the LAB isolates from the Peruvian Amazonian fruits, while phenotypic methods provided information about their metabolism, physiology and other characteristics that may be useful in future biotechnological processes. Further research will focus especially on the study of L. plantarum strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos , Lima , Perú
| | - Carlos Vegas
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos , Lima , Perú
| | - Amparo Iris Zavaleta
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos , Lima , Perú
| | - Braulio Esteve-Zarzoso
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d' Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Tarragona , Spain
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Chen YS, Liao YJ, Lan YS, Wu HC, Yanagida F. Diversity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Associated with Banana Fruits in Taiwan. Curr Microbiol 2017; 74:484-490. [PMID: 28229214 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-017-1213-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Banana is a popular fruit worldwide. The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) microflora in banana fruits has not been studied in detail. A total of 164 LAB were isolated from banana fruits in Taiwan. These isolates were initially divided into nine groups (r1 to r9) using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. Isolates belonging to Lactobacillus plantarum group were further divided into three additional groups using multiplex PCR assay targeting the recA gene. The most common bacterial genera found in banana fruits were Lactobacillus and Weissella. The distribution of LAB indicated that, in most cases, neighboring regions shared common strains, but there were still some differences between regions. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA, rpoA, and pheS gene sequences, two strains included in the genera Lactobacillus were identified as potential novel species or subspecies. In addition, a total 36 isolates were found to have bacteriocin-producing abilities. These results suggest that various LAB are associated with banana fruits in Taiwan. This is the first report describing the distribution and varieties of LAB associated with banana fruits. In addition, one potential novel LAB species was also found in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Sheng Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No.5, Deming Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Jou Liao
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No.5, Deming Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Shan Lan
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No.5, Deming Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hui-Chung Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No.5, Deming Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Fujitoshi Yanagida
- The Institute of Enology and Viticulture, University of Yamanashi, 1-13-1 Kitashin, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-0005, Japan
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Wu HC, Srionnual S, Yanagida F, Chen YS. Detection and Characterization of Weissellicin 110, a Bacteriocin Produced by Weissella cibaria. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 13:63-67. [PMID: 28959301 DOI: 10.15171/ijb.1159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weissellicin 110 is the only bacteriocin reported in Weissella cibaria up to now. This bacteriocin represents several unique features. This is the first report on the gene sequence that encodes for the bacteriocin. OBJECTIVES Providing a rapid detection method to isolate the weissellicin 110 encoding gene and determination of the bacteriocin distribution were the objectives. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bacteriocin from W. cibaria 860106 was purified and analyzed using mass spectrometry for proteins sequencing. The draft genome sequence of W. cibaria 860106 was generated using next generation sequencing. PCR was applied to detect the weissellicin 110 encoding gene. RESULTS The molecular weight and partial protein sequence were obtained for the bacteriocin from W. cibaria 860106. An open reading frame (ORF) was identified as weissellicin 110 from the draft genome sequence. PCR primers were designed to amplify the weissellicin 110 encoding gene and these primers detected sequences from other 27 BLIS-producing W. cibaria strains previously isolated from either various Taiwanese fermented foods or the respective raw materials. CONCLUSIONS The genetic information of weissellicin 110 was obtained, enabling rapid detection of the weissellicin 110 encoding gene. Results suggest that weissellicin 110 producing W. cibaria strains are widely distributed inTaiwanese fermented foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chung Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No. 5, De-Ming Rd., Gui-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Sirinat Srionnual
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, Nakhon Si Thammarat Campus, Thung Yai 80240, Thailand
| | - Fujitoshi Yanagida
- The Institute of Enology and Viticulture, University of Yamanashi, 1-13-1 Kitashin, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-0005, Japan
| | - Yi-Sheng Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No. 5, De-Ming Rd., Gui-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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