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Soares GG, Campanini EB, Ferreira RL, Damas MSF, Rodrigues SH, Campos LC, Galvão JD, Fuentes ASDC, Freire CCDM, Malavazi I, Pitondo-Silva A, da Cunha AF, Pranchevicius MCDS. Brevundimonas brasiliensis sp. nov.: a New Multidrug-Resistant Species Isolated from a Patient in Brazil. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0441522. [PMID: 37067439 PMCID: PMC10269605 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04415-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
To increase knowledge on Brevundimonas pathogens, we conducted in-depth genomic and phenotypic characterization of a Brevundimonas strain isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient admitted in a neonatal intensive care unit. The strain was identified as a member of the genus Brevundimonas based on Vitek 2 system results and 16S rRNA gene sequencing and presented a multidrug resistance profile (MDR). Several molecular and biochemical tests were used to characterize and identify the species for in-depth results. The draft genome assembly of the isolate has a total length of 3,261,074 bp and a G+C of 66.86%, similar to other species of the genus. Multilocus sequence analysis, Type (Strain) Genome Server, digital DNA-DNA hybridization, and average nucleotide identity confirmed that the Brevundimonas sp. studied represents a distinct species, for which we propose the name Brevundimonas brasiliensis sp. nov. In silico analysis detected antimicrobial resistance genes (AMRGs) mediating resistance to β-lactams (penP, blaTEM-16, and blaBKC-1) and aminoglycosides [strA, strB, aac(6')-Ib, and aac(6')-Il]. We also found AMRGs encoding the AcrAB efflux pump that confers resistance to a broad spectrum of antibiotics. Colistin and quinolone resistance can be attributed to mutation in qseC and/or phoP and GyrA/GyrB, respectively. The Brevundimonas brasiliensis sp. nov. genome contained copies of type IV secretion system (T4SS)-type integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs); integrative mobilizable elements (IME); and Tn3-type and IS3, IS6, IS5, and IS1380 families, suggesting an important role in the development and dissemination of antibiotic resistance. The isolate presented a range of virulence-associated genes related to biofilm formation, adhesion, and invasion that can be relevant for its pathogenicity. Our findings provide a wealth of data to hinder the transmission of MDR Brevundimonas and highlight the need for monitoring and identifying new bacterial species in hospital environments. IMPORTANCE Brevundimonas species is considered an opportunistic human pathogen that can cause multiple types of invasive and severe infections in patients with underlying pathologies. Treatment of these pathogens has become a major challenge because many isolates are resistant to most antibiotics used in clinical practice. Furthermore, there are no consistent therapeutic results demonstrating the efficacy of antibacterial agents. Although considered a rare pathogen, recent studies have provided evidence of the emergence of Brevundimonas in clinical settings. Hence, we identified a novel pathogenic bacterium, Brevundimonas brasiliensis sp. nov., that presented a multidrug resistance (MDR) profile and carried diverse genes related to drug resistance, virulence, and mobile genetic elements. Such data can serve as a baseline for understanding the genomic diversity, adaptation, evolution, and pathogenicity of MDR Brevundimonas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Guerrera Soares
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emeline Boni Campanini
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roumayne Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Saulo Henrique Rodrigues
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Caio César de Melo Freire
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iran Malavazi
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Pitondo-Silva
- Programas de Pós-graduação em Odontologia e Tecnologia Ambiental, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria-Cristina da Silva Pranchevicius
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Biodiversidade Tropical - BIOTROP, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Pei N, Sun W, He J, Li Y, Chen X, Liang T, Kristiansen K, Liu W, Li J. Genome-wide association study of Klebsiella pneumoniae identifies variations linked to carbapenems resistance. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:997769. [PMID: 36386631 PMCID: PMC9664935 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.997769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is one of the microorganisms that can acquire carbapenem-resistance (CR), and few antimicrobial therapy options exist for infections caused by Carbapenem-Resistant KP (CRKP). In recent years, with the increase of carbapenem resistance rates, treating CRKP has become a serious public health threat in clinical practice. We have collected 2,035 clinical KP isolates from a tertiary hospital in China. Whole genome sequencing data coupled with their binary antimicrobial susceptibility testing data were obtained to conduct the genome-wide association study using a bayesian-based method, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genes. We identified 28 and 37 potential maker genes associated with imipenem and meropenem resistance, respectively. Among which 19 of them were selected in both drugs by genome-wide association study (GWAS), 11 genes among them were simultaneously validated in independent datasets. These genes were likely related to biofilm formation, efflux pump, and DNA repairing. Moreover, we identified 13 significant CR related SNPs in imipenem or meropenem, with one SNP located in the non-coding region and validated in the independent datasets. Our study indicates complex mechanisms of carbapenems resistance and further investigation of CRKP-related factors are warranted to better understand their contributions to carbapenems resistance. These identified biomarkers may provide targets for future drug interventions or treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Pei
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China,Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jingxuan He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanming Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tianzhu Liang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Unknown Pathogen Identification, Shenzhen, China
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China,Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wenen Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Junhua Li, ; Wenen Liu,
| | - Junhua Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Unknown Pathogen Identification, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Junhua Li, ; Wenen Liu,
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Mahapatra A, Patro ARK, Khajuria A, Dhal S, Praharaj AK. Ciprofloxacin-resistant Gram-negative isolates from a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India with novel gyrA and parC gene mutations. Med J Armed Forces India 2022; 78:24-31. [PMID: 35035040 PMCID: PMC8737103 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expanded-spectrum quinolones (ciprofloxacin) are highly effective against gram-negative bacteria, but significant resistance to quinolones has been increasingly reported. We sought to evaluate the prevalence of gram-negative ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates (CRIs) from our hospital and their mechanism of action. METHODS Gram-negative CRIs were identified as per standard procedures and confirmed using the Ezy MICTM Strip (HiMedia). DNA from 67 CRIs was amplified for the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes. Thirty isolates positive for QRDR DNA were sequenced by Sanger's method to detect mutation. RESULTS Of the isolates, 42.5% were found to be CRIs, the majority (74.42%) from inpatient departments, and E scherichia coli (64.19%) was the predominant isolate. Among the CRIs, 24.55% were ESBL producers and 35.29% were multidrug resistant. The polymerase chain reaction results showed the majority were amplified by QRDR target regions of gyrA (35.4%) while 4.61% were amplified for the plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance region of the qnrB gene. Further sequencing of QRDR-positive genes showed point mutations with amino acid changes at codons Ser83 and Asp87 in the gyrA gene and Ser80, Glu84, and Leu88 positions in the parC gene. CONCLUSION Ciprofloxacin resistance observed in our study was mostly due to point mutations. Hence, strategies for rational use of ciprofloxacin and adherence to the dose and duration of treatment could be helpful to prevent selection and spread of mutant CRIs/strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashoka Mahapatra
- Additional Professor (Microbiology), AIIMS Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,Corresponding author.
| | | | - Atul Khajuria
- Former Resident (Microbiology), AIIMS Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sagarika Dhal
- Assistant Professor (Microbiology), S.C.B. Medical College, Cuttack, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Praharaj
- Professor (Microbiology), Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
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Sultan AM, Amer GF, Nabiel Y. Quinolone-resistant uropathogenic E. coli: is there a relation between qnr genes, gyrA gene target site mutation and biofilm formation? J Med Microbiol 2021; 70. [PMID: 34665111 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. The resistance to quinolone reported in uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is commonly caused by mutations in the target site encoding genes such as the gyrA gene. Bacterial plasmids carrying resistance genes such as qnr genes can also transfer resistance. Biofilms produced by UPEC can further aid the development of resistant urinary tract infections (UTIs).Hypothesis. Biofilm production is associated with higher prevalence of quinolones resistance genetic determinants.Aim. To detect the prevalence of qnr genes and gyrA gene mutation among quinolone-resistant UPEC and to investigate the relation between these genetic resistance determinants and biofilm production.Methodology. Catheterized urine samples were collected from 420 patients with evidence of UTIs and processed using standard techniques. Isolated UPEC were screened for quinolone resistance using an antimicrobial susceptibility test. Biofilm production among quinolone-resistant isolates was detected using the tissue culture plate method. All quinolone-resistant isolates were screened for qnr genes (qnrA, qnrB and qnrS) by multiplex PCR and for gyrA gene mutation by PCR-RFLP.Results. Two hundred and sixty-four UPEC isolates were detected from 420 processed urine samples. Out of the identified 264 UPEC, 123 (46.6 %) isolates were found to be quinolone-resistant, showing resistance to 1 or more of the tested quinolones. Of the 123 quinolone-resistant UPEC detected, 71(57.7 %) were biofilm producers. The qnr genes were detected among 62.6 % of the quinolone-resistant UPEC, with an estimated prevalence of 22.8, 32.5 and 37.4 % for qnrA, qnrB and qnrS genes, respectively. Additionally, the gyrA gene mutation was identified among 53.7 % of the quinolone-resistant isolates. We reported a significant association between biofilm production and the presence of qnrA, qnrB and qnrS genes. Furthermore, the gyrA gene mutation was significantly associated with biofilm-producing isolates. The coexistence of qnr genes, gyrA gene mutation and biofilm production was demonstrated in almost 40 % of the quinolone-resistant isolates.Conclusions. A significantly higher prevalence of qnr genes (qnrA, qnrB and qnrS) as well as the gyrA gene mutation was found among biofilm-forming UPEC. The reported coexistence of these different resistance mechanisms could aggravate quinolone resistance. Therefore, monitoring of resistance mechanisms and a proper stewardship programme are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira M Sultan
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ghada F Amer
- Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yasmin Nabiel
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Liu L, Zhang L, Zhou H, Yuan M, Hu D, Wang Y, Sun H, Xu J, Lan R. Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Citrobacter spp. Causing Extraintestinal Infections. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:737636. [PMID: 34513738 PMCID: PMC8429604 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.737636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This prospective study was carried out to investigate molecular characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Citrobacter spp. from extraintestinal infections. Methods Forty-six clinical Citrobacter spp. isolates were isolated from hospital patients with extraintestinal infections and analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) using seven housekeeping genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations. Adhesion and cytotoxicity to HEp-2 cells were assessed. Results The 46 clinical Citrobacter spp. isolates were typed into 38 sequence types (STs), 9 of which belonged to four clonal complexes (CCs). None of the isolates shared the same ST or CCs with isolates from other countries or from other parts of China. Over half of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR), with 17/26 C. freundii, 5/6 C. braakii, and 3/14 C. koseri isolates being MDR. Moreover, four isolates were carbapenem resistant with resistance to imipenem or meropenem. Among eight quinolone resistant C. freundii, all had a mutation in codon 59 (Thr59Ile) in quinolone resistance determining region of the gyrA gene. Only a small proportion of the isolates were found to be highly cytotoxic and adhesive with no correlation to sample sources. Conclusions There was a diverse range of Citrobacter isolates causing extraintestinal infections and a high prevalence of MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Microbiology Department, Maanshan Center for Clinical Laboratory, Ma'anshan, China
| | - Haijian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dalong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yonglu Wang
- Microbiology Department, Maanshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ma'anshan, China
| | - Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiting Lan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Aulitto M, Gallo G, Puopolo R, Mormone A, Limauro D, Contursi P, Piochi M, Bartolucci S, Fiorentino G. Genomic Insight of Alicyclobacillus mali FL18 Isolated From an Arsenic-Rich Hot Spring. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:639697. [PMID: 33897644 PMCID: PMC8060452 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.639697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extreme environments are excellent places to find microorganisms capable of tolerating extreme temperature, pH, salinity pressure, and elevated concentration of heavy metals and other toxic compounds. In the last decades, extremophilic microorganisms have been extensively studied since they can be applied in several fields of biotechnology along with their enzymes. In this context, the characterization of heavy metal resistance determinants in thermophilic microorganisms is the starting point for the development of new biosystems and bioprocesses for environmental monitoring and remediation. This work focuses on the isolation and the genomic exploration of a new arsenic-tolerant microorganism, classified as Alicyclobacillus mali FL18. The bacterium was isolated from a hot mud pool of the solfataric terrains in Pisciarelli, a well-known hydrothermally active zone of the Campi Flegrei volcano near Naples in Italy. A. mali FL18 showed a good tolerance to arsenite (MIC value of 41 mM), as well as to other metals such as nickel (MIC 30 mM), cobalt, and mercury (MIC 3 mM and 17 μM, respectively). Signatures of arsenic resistance genes (one arsenate reductase, one arsenite methyltransferase, and several arsenite exporters) were found interspersed in the genome as well as several multidrug resistance efflux transporters that could be involved in the export of drugs and heavy metal ions. Moreover, the strain showed a high resistance to bacitracin and ciprofloxacin, suggesting that the extreme environment has positively selected multiple resistances to different toxic compounds. This work provides, for the first time, insights into the heavy metal tolerance and antibiotic susceptibility of an Alicyclobacillus strain and highlights its putative molecular determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Aulitto
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Giovanni Gallo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Rosanna Puopolo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Mormone
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Napoli Osservatorio Vesuviano, Naples, Italy
| | - Danila Limauro
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Patrizia Contursi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Piochi
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Napoli Osservatorio Vesuviano, Naples, Italy
| | - Simonetta Bartolucci
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fiorentino
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR, Pozzuoli, Italy
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Tolentino FM, De Almeida IAZC, Dos Santos CCM, Teixeira ISDC, Silva SIDLE, Nogueira MCL, Arroyo MG, Faim WR, De Almeida MTG, Peresi JTM. Phenotypic and genotypic profile of the antimicrobial resistance of bacterial isolates and evaluation of physical and chemical potability indicators in groundwater in Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2021; 31:186-201. [PMID: 31293171 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2019.1640354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aquatic environment has received increasing attention regarding the evolution of bacterial resistance, either as a source of resistance genes or as a matrix for the dissemination of these genes. We evaluated the physicochemical, microbiological and antimicrobial resistance characteristics of 160 samples from alternative water well solutions. According to Ordinance 2914/2011 - MS, 44 (27.5%) samples were considered unsafe if at least one physicochemical parameter exceeded permissible limits. Escherichia coli were found in 30.6% of the unregistered housing estates (UHE) and 1.9% of the local sanitary surveillance system (RW). The total of 158 bacterial strains were isolated from 13 (25%) RW and 68 (63%) UHE, 132 of which (83.5%) were obtained from UHE samples. In the investigation of resistance genes, tetA, qnrS and qnrB genes were detected in three, one and eight isolates, respectively. Our results emphasize the importance of constant surveillance and control of the quality of water supplies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Modesto Tolentino
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz - Centro de Laboratório Regional de São José do Rio Preto - Rua Alberto Sufredine Bertone , São José do Rio Preto-SP, Brasil
| | | | - Cecilia Cristina Marques Dos Santos
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz - Centro de Laboratório Regional de São José do Rio Preto - Rua Alberto Sufredine Bertone , São José do Rio Preto-SP, Brasil
| | - Inara Siqueira De Carvalho Teixeira
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz - Centro de Laboratório Regional de São José do Rio Preto - Rua Alberto Sufredine Bertone , São José do Rio Preto-SP, Brasil
| | - Sonia Izaura De Lima E Silva
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz - Centro de Laboratório Regional de São José do Rio Preto - Rua Alberto Sufredine Bertone , São José do Rio Preto-SP, Brasil
| | - Mara Correa Lelles Nogueira
- Centro de Pesquisas de Micro-organismos da Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto , São José do Rio Preto-SP, Brasil
| | - Máira Gazzola Arroyo
- Centro de Pesquisas de Micro-organismos da Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto , São José do Rio Preto-SP, Brasil
| | - Wilson Roberto Faim
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde e Higiene - Vigilância Sanitária de São José do Rio Preto , São José do Rio Preto-SP, Brasil
| | | | - Jacqueline Tanury Macruz Peresi
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz - Centro de Laboratório Regional de São José do Rio Preto - Rua Alberto Sufredine Bertone , São José do Rio Preto-SP, Brasil
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Kareem SM, Al-Kadmy IMS, Kazaal SS, Mohammed Ali AN, Aziz SN, Makharita RR, Algammal AM, Al-Rejaie S, Behl T, Batiha GES, El-Mokhtar MA, Hetta HF. Detection of gyrA and parC Mutations and Prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:555-563. [PMID: 33603418 PMCID: PMC7886241 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s275852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Recently, the extensive use of quinolones led to increased resistance to these antimicrobial agents, with different rates according to the organism and the geographical region. The aim of this study was to detect the resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae Iraqi isolates toward quinolone antimicrobial agents, to determine genetic mutations in gyrA and parC, to screen for efflux-pump activity, and to screen the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes. Methods Forty-three K. pneumoniae isolates were confirmed phenotypically and genotypically by Vitek 2 system and species specific primers by PCR using the targeting rpo gene followed by sequencing. Antibiotic susceptibility test was carried out using disc diffusion method. Quinolone resistant isolates were subjected to ciprofloxacin MIC testing, and cartwheel method to screen for efflux pump activity. The presence of the plasmid mediated quinolone resistance genes qepA, qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6)Ib was tested by PCR. Sequencing of gyrA and parC was performed. Results We observed a high rate of resistance to ceftriaxone, gentamicin ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin. Low rate of resistance was detected against amikacin and azithromycin. Ciprofloxacin MIC results revealed that 96.1% of the isolates had MICs >256 µg/mL, 83.4% had MICs >512 µg/mL while 34.6% had MIC >1024 µg/mL. Testing of isolates against ciprofloxacin mixed with EtBr at various concentrations resulted in decreased resistant. Sequencing results showed that Ser83Leu was the most common mutation in gyrA that was observed in all quinolone resistant isolates, followed by Asp87Asn. Ser80Ile mutation in parC was observed in 77.7% of the tested isolates. The prevalence of PMQR genes was 92.5% aac (6)-Ib, 51.8% qnrB, 40.7% qepA, and 37% qnrS. Conclusion Quinolone resistance is common in K. pneumoniae isolates in Baghdad. The frequent mutation in gyrA and parC, and the presence of PMQR genes is alarming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan Mohammed Kareem
- Branch of Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Israa M S Al-Kadmy
- Branch of Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq.,Faculty of Science & Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Saba S Kazaal
- Branch of Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Alaa N Mohammed Ali
- Branch of Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sarah Naji Aziz
- Branch of Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Rabab R Makharita
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Abdelazeem M Algammal
- Department of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Salim Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicines, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Mokhtar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Helal F Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Identification of a predominant genotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Brazilian indigenous population. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1224. [PMID: 33441660 PMCID: PMC7806709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79621-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
After nearly a century of vaccination and six decades of drug therapy, tuberculosis (TB) kills more people annually than any other infectious disease. Substantial challenges to disease eradication remain among vulnerable and underserved populations. The Guarani-Kaiowá people are an indigenous population in Paraguay and the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul. This community, marginalized in Brazilian society, experiences severe poverty. Like other South American indigenous populations, their TB prevalence is high, but the disease has remained largely unstudied in their communities. Herein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from local clinics were whole genome sequenced, and a population genetic framework was generated. Phylogenetics show M. tuberculosis isolates in the Guarani-Kaiowá people cluster away from selected reference strains, suggesting divergence. Most cluster in a single group, further characterized as M. tuberculosis sublineage 4.3.3. Closer analysis of SNPs showed numerous variants across the genome, including in drug resistance-associated genes, and with many unique changes fixed in each group. We report that local M. tuberculosis strains have acquired unique polymorphisms in the Guarani-Kaiowá people, and drug resistance characterization is urgently needed to inform public health to ensure proper care and avoid further evolution and spread of drug-resistant TB.
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Salgueiro V, Manageiro V, Bandarra NM, Reis L, Ferreira E, Caniça M. Bacterial Diversity and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Sparus aurata from Aquaculture. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1343. [PMID: 32887439 PMCID: PMC7564983 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In a world where the population continues to increase and the volume of fishing catches stagnates or even falls, the aquaculture sector has great growth potential. This study aimed to contribute to the depth of knowledge of the diversity of bacterial species found in Sparus aurata collected from a fish farm and to understand which profiles of diminished susceptibility to antibiotics would be found in these bacteria that might be disseminated in the environment. One hundred thirty-six bacterial strains were recovered from the S. aurata samples. These strains belonged to Bacillaceae, Bacillales Family XII. Incertae Sedis, Comamonadaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcaceae, Erwiniaceae, Micrococcaceae, Pseudomonadaceae and Staphylococcaceae families. Enterobacter sp. was more frequently found in gills, intestine and skin groups than in muscle groups (p ≤ 0.01). Antibiotic susceptibility tests found that non-susceptibility to phenicols was significantly higher in gills, intestine and skin samples (45%) than in muscle samples (24%) (p ≤ 0.01) and was the most frequently found non-susceptibility in both groups of samples. The group of Enterobacteriaceae from muscles presented less decreased susceptibility to florfenicol (44%) than in the group of gills, intestine and skin samples (76%). We found decreased susceptibilities to β-lactams and glycopeptides in the Bacillaceae family, to quinolones and mupirocin in the Staphylococcaceae family, and mostly to β-lactams, phenicols and quinolones in the Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae families. Seven Enterobacter spp. and five Pseudomonas spp. strains showed non-susceptibility to ertapenem and meropenem, respectively, which is of concern because they are antibiotics used as a last resort in serious clinical infections. To our knowledge, this is the first description of species Exiguobacterium acetylicum, Klebsiella michiganensis, Lelliottia sp. and Pantoea vagans associated with S. aurata (excluding cases where these bacteria are used as probiotics) and of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnrB19-producing Leclercia adecarboxylata strain. The non-synonymous G385T and C402A mutations at parC gene (within quinolone resistance-determining regions) were also identified in a Klebsiella pneumoniae, revealing decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. In this study, we found not only bacteria from the natural microbiota of fish but also pathogenic bacteria associated with fish and humans. Several antibiotics for which decreased susceptibility was found here are integrated into the World Health Organization list of "critically important antimicrobials" and "highly important antimicrobials" for human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Salgueiro
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections (NRL-AMR-HAI), Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (V.S.); (V.M.); (L.R.); (E.F.)
- Centre for the Studies of Animal Science, Institute of Agrarian and Agri-Food Sciences and Technologies, Oporto University, 4051-401 Oporto, Portugal
| | - Vera Manageiro
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections (NRL-AMR-HAI), Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (V.S.); (V.M.); (L.R.); (E.F.)
- Centre for the Studies of Animal Science, Institute of Agrarian and Agri-Food Sciences and Technologies, Oporto University, 4051-401 Oporto, Portugal
| | - Narcisa M. Bandarra
- Department of Sea and Marine Resources, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), 1749-077 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Lígia Reis
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections (NRL-AMR-HAI), Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (V.S.); (V.M.); (L.R.); (E.F.)
| | - Eugénia Ferreira
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections (NRL-AMR-HAI), Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (V.S.); (V.M.); (L.R.); (E.F.)
- Centre for the Studies of Animal Science, Institute of Agrarian and Agri-Food Sciences and Technologies, Oporto University, 4051-401 Oporto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Caniça
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections (NRL-AMR-HAI), Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (V.S.); (V.M.); (L.R.); (E.F.)
- Centre for the Studies of Animal Science, Institute of Agrarian and Agri-Food Sciences and Technologies, Oporto University, 4051-401 Oporto, Portugal
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Liu L, Qin L, Hao S, Lan R, Xu B, Guo Y, Jiang R, Sun H, Chen X, LV X, Xu J, Zhao C. Lineage, Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence of Citrobacter spp. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9030195. [PMID: 32155802 PMCID: PMC7157202 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9030195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrobacter spp. are opportunistic human pathogens which can cause nosocomial infections, sporadic infections and outbreaks. In order to determine the genetic diversity, in vitro virulence properties and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Citrobacter spp., 128 Citrobacter isolates obtained from human diarrheal patients, foods and environment were assessed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), antimicrobial susceptibility testing and adhesion and cytotoxicity testing to HEp-2 cells. The 128 Citrobacter isolates were typed into 123 sequence types (STs) of which 101 were novel STs, and these STs were divided into five lineages. Lineages I and II contained C. freundii isolates; Lineage III contained all C. braakii isolates, while Lineage IV and V contained C. youngae isolates. Lineages II and V contained more adhesive and cytotoxic isolates than Lineages I, III, and IV. Fifty-one of the 128 isolates were found to be multidrug-resistant (MDR, ≥3) and mainly distributed in Lineages I, II, and III. The prevalence of quinolone resistance varied with Lineage III (C. braakii) having the highest proportion of resistant isolates (52.6%), followed by Lineage I (C. freundii) with 23.7%. Seven qnrB variants, including two new alleles (qnrB93 and qnrB94) were found with Lineage I being the main reservoir. In summary, highly cytotoxic MDR isolates from diarrheal patients may increase the risk of severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (H.S.); (X.C.); (J.X.)
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Liyun Qin
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China; (L.Q.); (B.X.); (Y.G.); (R.J.); (X.L.)
| | - Shuai Hao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China;
| | - Ruiting Lan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
| | - Baohong Xu
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China; (L.Q.); (B.X.); (Y.G.); (R.J.); (X.L.)
| | - Yumei Guo
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China; (L.Q.); (B.X.); (Y.G.); (R.J.); (X.L.)
| | - Ruiping Jiang
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China; (L.Q.); (B.X.); (Y.G.); (R.J.); (X.L.)
| | - Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (H.S.); (X.C.); (J.X.)
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (H.S.); (X.C.); (J.X.)
| | - Xinchao LV
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China; (L.Q.); (B.X.); (Y.G.); (R.J.); (X.L.)
| | - Jianguo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (H.S.); (X.C.); (J.X.)
| | - Chuan Zhao
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China; (L.Q.); (B.X.); (Y.G.); (R.J.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (C.Z.)
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Esmaeel NE, Gerges MA, Hosny TA, Ali AR, Gebriel MG. Detection of Chromosomal and Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Among Escherichia coli Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection Cases; Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:413-421. [PMID: 32104013 PMCID: PMC7023874 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s240013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQ) in uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) has emerged as a growing problem. Chromosomal mutations and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants have been implicated. Data concerning the prevalence of these determinants in UPEC in our hospital are quite limited. Purpose To investigate the occurrence and genetic determinants of FQ resistance in UPEC isolated from urinary tract infection (UTI) cases in Zagazig University Hospitals. Patients and Methods Following their isolation, the identification and susceptibility of UPEC isolates were performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF MS). FQ resistance was detected by the disc diffusion method. Ciprofloxacin minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using E-test. Chromosomal mutations in the gyrA gene were detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and for detection of PMQR, a couple of multiplex PCR reactions were used. Results Among a total of 192 UPEC isolates, 46.9% (n=90) were FQ resistant. More than half of the isolates (57.8%) exhibited high-level ciprofloxacin resistance (MIC > 32 µg/mL). Mutations in gyrA were detected in 76.7% of isolates, with 34.4% having mutations at more than one site. PMQR determinants were detected in 80.1% of UPEC isolates, with aac(6ʹ)-Ib-cr gene being the most frequent found in 61.1% of isolates. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of both gyrA mutations and PMQR determinants among UPEC isolates in our hospital which contribute to high-level ciprofloxacin resistance, a finding that may require the revision of the antibiotics used for empirical treatment of UTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura E Esmaeel
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Marian A Gerges
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Thoraya A Hosny
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Ali
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Manar G Gebriel
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Vounba P, Arsenault J, Bada-Alambédji R, Fairbrother JM. Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and potential pathogenicity, and possible spread of third generation cephalosporin resistance, in Escherichia coli isolated from healthy chicken farms in the region of Dakar, Senegal. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214304. [PMID: 30913237 PMCID: PMC6435184 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a normal inhabitant of the intestinal microbiota of chickens, a small proportion of which may be avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) or potential extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), capable of causing disease in humans. These E. coli may also be resistant to antimicrobials of critical importance in human or veterinary health. This study aims to 1) determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and resistance genes, multidrug resistance (MDR), chromosomal mechanisms of quinolone-resistance and virulence profiles of E. coli isolated from healthy chicken farms in the region of Dakar, Senegal, 2) investigate the spread of third-generation cephalosporins (3GC) resistance in E. coli isolated from healthy chicken farms with respect to virulence and resistance genes, serogroups, Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE), phylogenetic groups, plasmid types and transferability and 3) determine whether nonsusceptibility against 3GC on farms could be linked to risk factors. More than 68% of isolates from environmental faecal and drinking water samples, carcasses and carcass washes collected on 32 healthy chicken farms were multidrug resistant (MDR), resistance to antimicrobials critical in human health (3GC or ciprofloxacin) being found in all types of samples. Ciprofloxacin resistance was due to mutations in the gyrA and parC genes, 95% of tested farms harboring isolates carrying three mutations, in gyrA (Ser83Ile and Asp87Asn) and parC (Ser80Ile). Nine of the 32 farms (28.1%) demonstrated the presence of one or more 3GC-nonsusceptible indicator isolates but none of the potential risk factors were significantly associated with this presence on farms. Following ceftriaxone enrichment, presumptive extended-spectrum beta-lactamase/AmpC-beta-lactamase (ESBL/AmpC)-producer isolates were found in 17 of the 32 farms. 3GC resistance was mediated by blaCMY-2 or blaCTX-M genes, blaCTX-M being of genotypes blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-8 and for the first time in chickens in Senegal, the genotype blaCTX-M-15. Clonally related ESBL/AmpC-producer isolates were found on different farms. In addition, blaCTX-M genes were identified on replicon plasmids I1 and K/B and blaCMY-2 on K/B, I1 and B/O. These plasmids were found in isolates of different clusters. In addition, 18 isolates, some of which were ESBL/AmpC-producers, were defined as potential human ExPEC. In conclusion, E. coli isolates potentially pathogenic for humans and demonstrating MDR, with resistance expressed against antimicrobials of critical importance in human health were found in healthy chickens in Senegal. Our results suggest that both clonal spreading and horizontal gene transfer play a role in the spread of 3GC-resistance and that chickens in Senegal could be a reservoir for AMR and ExPEC for humans. These results highlight the importance of raising awareness about compliance with biosecurity measures and prudent use of antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Passoret Vounba
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, The Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA) and the Research Group on Zoonoses and Public Health (GREZOSP), St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julie Arsenault
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, The Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA) and the Research Group on Zoonoses and Public Health (GREZOSP), St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rianatou Bada-Alambédji
- Department of Public Health and Environment, Ecole Inter-Etats des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaires (EISMV) de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - John M. Fairbrother
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, The Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA) and the Research Group on Zoonoses and Public Health (GREZOSP), St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
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Genome Sequences of Acholeplasma laidlawii Strains Differing in Sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2017; 5:5/44/e01189-17. [PMID: 29097461 PMCID: PMC5668537 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.01189-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Acholeplasma laidlawii is a well-suited model for study of the molecular basis of the adaptation of mollicutes to environmental conditions. Here we present the whole-genome sequences of four strains of A. laidlawii with differential sensitivity to ciprofloxacin.
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Silva SS, Ribeiro MDO, Gomes FIF, Chaves HV, Silva AARE, Zanin ICJ, Barbosa FCB. Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of enteric rods and pseudomonads isolated from the dental prostheses biofilm. J Appl Oral Sci 2016; 24:462-471. [PMID: 27812616 PMCID: PMC5083023 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720160032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the occurrence and the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of enteric rods and pseudomonads from the denture biofilm of 52 subjects at the Center for Dental Specialties of Sobral/ Ceara, Brazil. Material and Methods: Denture biofilm was collected and samples plated on MacConkey agar. The isolated bacterial colonies were identified using the BBL Crystal enteric/non-fermenter system. Antibiotic bacterial susceptibility was assessed by the disc diffusion method of amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, doxycycline, tetracycline, tobramycin, imipenem, cefotaxime, and ciprofloxacin. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of cefotaxime, tobramycin, doxycycline, imipenem, and ciprofloxacin was determined for 40 species by E-test. Results: 34 subjects (65.4%) harbored enteric rods in their prostheses. Klebsiella pneumoniae (26.5%), Escherichia coli (23.5%), and Enterobacter aerogenes (23.5%) were the most prevalent species. All organisms were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and most species were resistant to amoxicillin or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, demonstrating variable sensitivity patterns to other antimicrobials. However, the MIC showed the emergence of strains with reduced sensitivity to ciprofloxacin (MIC90≥3 μg/ mL) and cefotaxime (MIC90≥2 μg/mL). Conclusion: The findings show high prevalence of nosocomial diseases-related bacterial species and low susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs. Therefore, these results imply caution against the indiscriminate use of broad spectrum antibiotics in dental practice.
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Onseedaeng S, Ratthawongjirakul P. Rapid Detection of Genomic Mutations in gyrA and parC Genes of Escherichia coli by Multiplex Allele Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction. J Clin Lab Anal 2016; 30:947-955. [PMID: 27075845 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.21961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluoroquinolone (FR) resistant Escherichia coli infection has become a global problem. The FR resistance usually occurs mainly due to specific point of mutations within the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) at the gyrA codon of Ser83 and Asp87 and the parC codon of Ser80 and Glu84. Here, we appraised type and frequency of the QRDR mutations in FR-resistant E. coli isolates, and developed multiplex allele specific PCR (MAS-PCR) for the detection of "hot spot" mutations. METHODS A total of 111 ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli from Ramathibodi Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand, were performed Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) by Etest® and investigated for gyrA and parC genes' mutations by MAS-PCR. Sensitivity and specificity of MAS-PCR were compared to the sequencing method's. RESULTS Ninety-nine of 111 (89.19%) E. coli isolates had mutation at least one point in the QRDRs. Six usual amino acid substitutes were reported, including Ser83-Lue, Asp87-Asn, Asp87-Tyr, Ser80-Ile, Glu84-Gly, and Glu84-Val. MAS-PCR detected codons 83 and 87 in gyrA and codons 80 and 84 in parC mutations, yielding 96.97%, 100%, 100%, and 93.33% sensitivity, respectively, and 100%, 100%, 100%, and 98.48% specificity, respectively. CONCLUSION MAS-PCR may be used for rapid detection of FR resistance in routine laboratory as well as in epidemiology study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanlayanee Onseedaeng
- Molecular Science of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panan Ratthawongjirakul
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Gomig F, Galvão CW, Freitas DLD, Labas L, Etto RM, Esmerino LA, Lima MAD, Appel MH, Zanata SM, Steffens MBR, Nader HB, Silveira RBD. Quinolone resistance and ornithine decarboxylation activity in lactose-negative Escherichia coli. Braz J Microbiol 2015; 46:753-7. [PMID: 26413057 PMCID: PMC4568878 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838246320131291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinolones and fluoroquinolones are widely used to treat uropathogenic
Escherichia coli infections. Bacterial resistance to these
antimicrobials primarily involves mutations in gyrA and
parC genes. To date, no studies have examined the potential
relationship between biochemical characteristics and quinolone resistance in
uropathogenic E. coli strains. The present work analyzed the
quinolone sensitivity and biochemical activities of fifty-eight lactose-negative
uropathogenic E. coli strains. A high percentage of the isolates
(48.3%) was found to be resistant to at least one of the tested quinolones, and DNA
sequencing revealed quinolone resistant determining region gyrA and
parC mutations in the multi-resistant isolates. Statistical
analyses suggested that the lack of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity is
correlated with quinolone resistance. Despite the low number of isolates examined,
this is the first study correlating these characteristics in lactose-negative
E. coli isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciane Gomig
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Carolina Weigert Galvão
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Denis Leandro de Freitas
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Larissa Labas
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Rafael Mazer Etto
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio Esmerino
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Marcia Helena Appel
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Silvio Marques Zanata
- Departamento de Patologia Básica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Helena Bonciani Nader
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Bertoni da Silveira
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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