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Castro D, Marques ASC, Almeida MR, de Paiva GB, Bento HBS, Pedrolli DB, Freire MG, Tavares APM, Santos-Ebinuma VC. L-asparaginase production review: bioprocess design and biochemical characteristics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:4515-4534. [PMID: 34059941 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11359-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, the production of biopharmaceuticals has gained high interest due to its great sensitivity, specificity, and lower risk of negative effects to patients. Biopharmaceuticals are mostly therapeutic recombinant proteins produced through biotechnological processes. In this context, L-asparaginase (L-asparagine amidohydrolase, L-ASNase (E.C. 3.5.1.1)) is a therapeutic enzyme that has been abundantly studied by researchers due to its antineoplastic properties. As a biopharmaceutical, L-ASNase has been used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), and other lymphoid malignancies, in combination with other drugs. Besides its application as a biopharmaceutical, this enzyme is widely used in food processing industries as an acrylamide mitigation agent and as a biosensor for the detection of L-asparagine in physiological fluids at nano-levels. The great demand for L-ASNase is supplied by recombinant enzymes from Escherichia coli and Erwinia chrysanthemi. However, production processes are associated to low yields and proteins associated to immunogenicity problems, which leads to the search for a better enzyme source. Considering the L-ASNase pharmacological and food importance, this review provides an overview of the current biotechnological developments in L-ASNase production and biochemical characterization aiming to improve the knowledge about its production. KEY POINTS: • Microbial enzyme applications as biopharmaceutical and in food industry • Biosynthesis process: from the microorganism to bioreactor technology • Enzyme activity and kinetic properties: crucial for the final application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Castro
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia C Marques
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mafalda R Almeida
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gabriela B de Paiva
- Department of Engineering Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Heitor B S Bento
- Department of Engineering Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Danielle B Pedrolli
- Department of Engineering Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Mara G Freire
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana P M Tavares
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Valéria C Santos-Ebinuma
- Department of Engineering Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil.
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Viana Marques DDA, Machado SEF, Ebinuma VCS, Duarte CDAL, Converti A, Porto ALF. Production of β-Lactamase Inhibitors by Streptomyces Species. Antibiotics (Basel) 2018; 7:E61. [PMID: 30018235 PMCID: PMC6163296 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics7030061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Lactamase inhibitors have emerged as an effective alternative to reduce the effects of resistance against β-lactam antibiotics. The Streptomyces genus is known for being an exceptional natural source of antimicrobials and β-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid, which is largely applied in clinical practice. To protect against the increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains, new antibiotics and β-lactamase inhibitors need to be discovered and developed. This review will cover an update about the main β-lactamase inhibitors producers belonging to the Streptomyces genus; advanced methods, such as genetic and metabolic engineering, to enhance inhibitor production compared with wild-type strains; and fermentation and purification processes. Moreover, clinical practice and commercial issues are discussed. The commitment of companies and governments to develop innovative strategies and methods to improve the access to new, efficient, and potentially cost-effective microbial products to combat the antimicrobial resistance is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela de Araújo Viana Marques
- Campus Serra Talhada, University of Pernambuco, Avenida Custódio Conrado, 600, AABB, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco 56912-550, Brazil.
| | - Suellen Emilliany Feitosa Machado
- Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Avenida da Engenharia, 2° andar, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50740-600, Brazil.
| | - Valéria Carvalho Santos Ebinuma
- Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú/Km 01, Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil.
| | | | - Attilio Converti
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Chemical Pole, University of Genoa, Via Opera Pia 15, 16145 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Ana Lúcia Figueiredo Porto
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, Recife, Pernambuco 52171-900, Brazil.
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Screening of medium constituents for clavulanic acid production by Streptomyces clavuligerus. Braz J Microbiol 2018; 49:832-839. [PMID: 29588197 PMCID: PMC6175696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Clavulanic acid is a β-lactam compound with potent inhibitory activity against β-lactamases. Studies have shown that certain amino acids play essential roles in CA biosynthesis. However, quantitative evaluations of the effects of these amino acids are still needed in order to improve CA production. Here, we report a study of the nutritional requirements of Streptomyces clavuligerus for CA production. Firstly, the influence of the primary nitrogen source and the salts composition was investigated. Subsequently, soybean protein isolate was supplemented with arginine (0.0-3.20gL-1), threonine (0.0-1.44gL-1), ornithine (0.0-4.08gL-1), and glutamate (0.0-8.16gL-1), according to a two-level central composite rotatable design. A medium containing ferrous sulfate yielded CA production of 437mgL-1, while a formulation without this salt produced only 41mgL-1 of CA. This substantial difference suggested that Fe2+ is important for CA biosynthesis. The experimental design showed that glutamate and ornithine negatively influenced CA production while arginine and threonine had no influence. The soybean protein isolate provided sufficient C5 precursor for CA biosynthesis, so that supplementation was unnecessary. Screening of medium components, together with experimental design tools, could be a valuable way of enhancing CA titers and reducing the process costs.
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Singh V, Haque S, Singh H, Verma J, Vibha K, Singh R, Jawed A, Tripathi CKM. Isolation, Screening, and Identification of Novel Isolates of Actinomycetes from India for Antimicrobial Applications. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1921. [PMID: 27999566 PMCID: PMC5138215 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for novel bioactive compounds from the natural environment has rapidly been gaining momentum with the increase in multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens. In the present study, the antimicrobial potential of novel actinomycetes has been evaluated by initial screening of six soil samples. Primary and secondary screening was performed against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Trichophyton rubrum, and other MDR bacterial and fungal test strains, thirteen active isolates were selected for further study. Microbial strains were identified on the basis of growth conditions and other biochemical characters. Five most active microbial strains were identified using 16S rRNA sequence homology and designated as Streptomyces xanthophaeus MTCC 11938, Streptomyces variabilis MTCC 12266, Streptomyces xanthochromogenes MTCC 11937, Streptomyces levis EU 124569, and Streptomyces sp. NCIM 5500. Four antibacterial and three antifungal compounds isolated from the above five isolates were purified and partially characterized using UV absorption and IR spectra. Two antibacterial metabolites, belong to chromone and peptide antibiotic, respectively. The antifungal compounds were found to be of non-polyene nature. In conclusion, we study the isolation of novel bacterial strains of actinomycetes for producing novel compounds having antibacterial and antifungal activities from the unexplored agro-ecological niches of India. Also, this study paves the way for further characterization of these isolates of Streptomyces sp. for their optimum utilization for antimicrobial purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineeta Singh
- Microbiology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research InstituteLucknow, India; Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Engineering and TechnologyLucknow, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University)New Delhi, India; Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan UniversityJazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Harshita Singh
- Microbiology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow, India
| | - Jyoti Verma
- Microbiology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow, India
| | - Kumari Vibha
- Microbiology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow, India
| | - Rajbir Singh
- Fermentation Technology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow, India
| | - Arshad Jawed
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan UniversityJazan, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh UniversityShimla, India
| | - C K M Tripathi
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan UniversityJazan, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biotechnology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial UniversityLucknow, India
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Viana Marques DA, Santos-Ebinuma VC, Pessoa-Júnior A, Porto ALF, Torres BR, Converti A. Effect of aeration and agitation on extractive fermentation of clavulanic acid by using aqueous two-phase system. Biotechnol Prog 2016; 32:1444-1452. [PMID: 27451982 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the effects of agitation and aeration rates on aqueous two-phase system (ATPS)-based extractive fermentation of clavulanic acid (CA) by Streptomyces variabilis DAUFPE 3060 were investigated through a 22 full factorial design, where oxygen transfer rate (OTR) and oxygen uptake rate (OUR) were selected as the responses. Aeration rates significantly influenced cell growth, OUR, and CA yield, while OTR was practically the same in all the runs. Under the intermediate agitation (950 rpm) and aeration conditions (3.5 vvm) of the central point runs, it was achieved OTR of 1.617 ± 0.049 mmol L-1 h-1 , OUR of 0.132 ± 0.030 mmol L-1 h-1 , maximum CA production of 434 ± 4 mg L-1 , oxygen mass transfer coefficient of 33.40 ± 2.01 s-1 , partition coefficient of 66.5 ± 1.5, CA yield in the top and bottom phases of 75% ± 2% and 19% ± 1%, respectively, mass balance of 95% ± 4% and purification factor of 3.8 ± 0.1. These results not only confirmed the paramount role of O2 supply, broth composition and operational conditions in CA ATPS-extractive fermentation, but also demonstrated the possibility of effectively using this technology as a cheap tool to simultaneously produce and recover CA. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 32:1444-1452, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela A Viana Marques
- Serra Talhada Campus, University of Pernambuco, Serra Talhada-PE, Brazil, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil
| | - Valéria C Santos-Ebinuma
- Dept. of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-Univ. Estadual Paulista, Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú Km 1, Araraquara-SP, 14801-902, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Pessoa-Júnior
- Dept. of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 16, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo-SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ana L F Porto
- Dept. of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel De Medeiros, S/N, Dois Irmãos-PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Rivas Torres
- Dept. of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pole of Chemical Engineering, University of Genoa, via Opera Pia 15, Genoa, 16145, Italy
| | - Attilio Converti
- Dept. of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pole of Chemical Engineering, University of Genoa, via Opera Pia 15, Genoa, 16145, Italy
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