A importância do limiar anaeróbio e do consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2 máx.) em jogadores de futebol

COMPARISON OF AEROBIC PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF SOCCER AND FUTSAL ATHLETES

ABSTRACT Soccer and futsal have similar technical movements that are used within different spatial dimensions and game dynamics. The possible physiological differences between players of each sport were unknown. The main purpose of this study was to compare the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) and ventilatory thresholds (VT) of soccer and futsal players. VO2max and VT of 32 athletes (soccer: n = 15; futsal: n = 17) were obtained by ergospirometry in a progressive treadmill test. VO2max was similar between groups. VT occurred later and at higher running speeds in the soccer players. The similarities found in VO2max may be related to the fact that the evaluations were carried out in the pre-season. The fact that the VT was reached later in the soccer players suggests a longer capacity for aerobic exercise and greater resistance to lactate production. Moreover, soccer players appear to be conditioned to withstand increased running times and speeds, until exhaustion. Players of both sports reached the second VT at similar intensities, suggesting no prevalence of anaerobic metabolism. Soccer and futsal players have similar VO2max, but their VTs occur at different times, and at different running speeds. Level of Evidence III; Cross-sectional study.

Reproducibility of maximum aerobic power (VO2max) among soccer players using a modified heck protocol

OBJECTIVE

To determine the degree of reproducibility of maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) among soccer players, using a modified Heck protocol.

METHODS

2 evaluations with an interval of 15 days between them were performed on 11 male soccer players. All the players were at a high performance level; they were training for an average of 10 hours per week, totaling 5 times a week. When they were evaluated, they were in the middle of the competitive season, playing 1 match per week. The soccer players were evaluated on an ergometric treadmill with velocity increments of 1.2 km.h-1 every 2 minutes and a fixed inclination of 3% during the test. VO2max was measured directly using a breath-by-breath metabolic gas analyzer.

RESULTS

The maximum running speed and VO2max attained in the 2 tests were, respectively: (15.6 +/- 1.1 vs. 15.7 +/- 1.2 km.h-1; [P = .78]) and (54.5 +/- 3.9 vs. 55.2 +/- 4.4 ml.kg-1.min-1; [P = .88]). There was high and significant correlation of VO2max between the 2 tests with a 15-day interval between them [r = 0.97; P < .001].

CONCLUSION

The modified Heck protocol was reproducible, and the 15-day interval between the ergospirometric testing was insufficient to significantly modify the soccer players' VO2max values.

Estudo comparativo do consumo de oxigênio e limiar anaeróbio em um teste de esforço progressivo entre atletas profissionais de futebol e futsal

O consumo de oxigênio (VO2) tem sido de grande valia na avaliação funcional de atletas. A ergoespirometria é um procedimento não invasivo, utilizado para avaliar o desempenho físico ou a capacidade funcional de um indivíduo, conciliando a análise de gases espirados e variáveis respiratórias. No esporte, esse método de avaliação é de fundamental importância, pois traz significativa contribuição na verificação de índices de aptidão cardiorrespiratória, como é o caso do consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2 máx.) e o limiar anaeróbio (LA). O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma comparação do consumo de oxigênio e limiar anaeróbio entre atletas profissionais de futebol e futsal em um teste progressivo. Participaram voluntariamente 31 indivíduos do sexo masculino, sendo: 19 atletas profissionais de futebol e 12 atletas profissionais de futsal. Os atletas foram submetidos a um protocolo de avaliação cardiorrespiratória progressiva pelo método ergoespirométrico e os resultados foram analisados quanto a sua diferença estatística através do teste t de Student (p < 0,05). Os valores de VO2 pico médios entre os dois grupos não apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significante (p > 0,05); entretanto, houve diferença estatística entre os dois grupos em relação ao limiar anaeróbio (LA) (p < 0,05). Com base nos resultados obtidos em nosso estudo pudemos concluir que, mesmo praticando esportes com diferentes características, os atletas de ambos os grupos possuem valores similares de consumo de oxigênio, porém, o limiar anaeróbio entre os dois grupos não apresentou a mesma similaridade, sugerido maior predominância do metabolismo anaeróbio durante o exercício nos atletas de futsal.