Lesões desportivas na ginástica artística: estudo a partir de morbidade referida

Epidemiological profile of soccer-related injuries in a state Brazilian championship: An observational study of 2014-15 season

BACKGROUND

Soccer related injuries are often reported in studies, but epidemiological research on this theme is rare in Brazil, Furthermore, the conditions in which athletes have returned to sports practice, namely, either symptomatic or asymptomatic, have been neglected in research.

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological features of injuries among professional Brazilian soccer players in relation to location, type, mechanism, severity, recurrence, treatment and, lastly, symptoms in return to sport.

STUDY DESIGN

Descriptive and cross-sectional, observational study.

STUDY CENTER

School of Physical Therapy of the University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

METHODS

116 male professional athletes of teams from a Brazilian state championship were interviewed and information about injuries was recorded using a retrospective reported morbidity questionnaire. Data were analyzed in mean ± SD for physical characteristics and sports practice history in absolute and relative frequencies (chi-square test with Bonferroni's correction) for characterization of soccer injuries in terms of type, location, severity, recurrence and symptoms in return to sport.

RESULTS

The numbers of injuries per athlete and per injured athlete were 0.92 and 1.43 respectively. The injuries of muscle-tendon unit and the joint types localized on lower limbs constituted the most important clinical occurrences with significant difference both in relation to other types (p < 0.05). Moderate and severe injuries were the most frequent occurrences. In relation to mechanisms for each type of injury, body contact was at least three times more responsible for injury cases. This type of mechanism was associated with a significantly greater impairment of joint structures. Concerning occurrence and recurrence of cases, the number of recurrent injuries of the muscle-tendon unit reached about 7.5% of the first-time injuries, while the number of joint recurrent injuries integrated almost 40% of the first-time cases. Significant differences between first-time injuries and recurrent injuries were found only for muscle-tendon and joint structures (p < 0.05), while significant differences among the type of injuries within each type of occurrence (first-time or recurrent injuries) were also found between muscle-tendon and joint injuries (p < 0.05). In relation to athletes with symptoms, in return to sport, 77.6% of them were treated for their injuries but more than half of them returned with symptoms still present when compared to those who returned without any symptoms. Among athletes who did not receive treatment, a lower percentage (58.3%) returned to the sport with symptoms still present. Significant associations between treatment and symptomatology were not found.

Influence of practice time on surfing injuries

Abstract Introduction: studying the influence of surfing on the prevalence of injuries may contribute to prevention. Objective: to analyze the influence of time practicing sports and the occurrence of previous surgery on the profile and prevalence of injuries caused by surfing. Methods: Sixty-six Brazilian surfers (26.16 ± 0.73 years old) participated in this study. Anthropometric data, physical activity level, surfing practice time and the prevalence of injuries (type of injury, anatomical region affected, and mechanism of injury) were evaluated. To assess which of the studied variables exerted significant influence on the mean number of injuries, a Poisson log-linear model was adjusted through R software (p < 0.05). Results: most surfers were classified as eutrophic (73%), very active (60.6%), had an average practice time of 10.1 ± 1 years, and were not members of a surfing federation (74%). It was also observed that 90.9% of participants reported injuries caused by surfing and 44.9% affected the lower limbs. The majority of these injuries affected the integumentary system (46.6%). The main mechanism of injury was impact with the board or seabed (40.4%). Furthermore, it was found that surfing federation members presented an average of 58.4% more injuries than non-members (p = 0.007). Surfers who had undergone previous surgeries showed an average number of injuries that was 56.9% higher than other surfers (p = 0.012). In addition, it was found that for each extra year of surfing, the average number of injuries increased by 2.5% (p = 0.0118). Conclusion: the average number of injuries increased with increment in time practicing the sport, previous surgery and membership in a surfing federation.

FATORES ASSOCIADOS À OCORRÊNCIA DE LESÕES DURANTE A PRÁTICA DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA EM ACADEMIAS AO AR LIVRE

RESUMO Introdução: Evidências apontam associação positiva entre a prática de atividades físicas e a ocorrência de lesões. No entanto, faltam estudos que tenham analisado essa ocorrência relacionada com as academias ao ar livre (AAL). Objetivo: Verificar os fatores associados à ocorrência de lesões durante a prática de atividades físicas nas academias ao ar livre em adultos de Curitiba-PR. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em 2012, no qual foram entrevistados "in loco" 411 frequentadores (53,8% mulheres) de 20 AAL da cidade. A ocorrência de lesões foi autorreportada e a sua associação foi testada com variáveis individuais e sociodemográficas (sexo, faixa etária, situação conjugal, escolaridade, renda domiciliar, índice de massa corporal), prática de atividade física no lazer (caminhada e atividade física total) e características de uso das AAL (percepção de esforço, frequência semanal, tempo de permanência, meses de uso e orientação) com a regressão de Poisson no software STATA 12. Resultados: A ocorrência de lesões foi de 3,4% e as variáveis não foram associadas ao desfecho. Conclusão: A ocorrência de lesões é baixa e a prática de atividade física nesses equipamentos aparenta ser segura para a integridade física dos seus frequentadores.

Quality of life perception of basketball master athletes: association with physical activity level and sports injuries

This study aimed to verify the prevalence and characteristics of sports injuries (SI) and determine the association between the physical activity level (PA) and SI with perception of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Brazilian basketball master athletes. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 410 male master athletes, between 35 and 85 years of age (mean 52.26, SD ±11.83). The HRQoL was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study - Short Form-36. The PA was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Information regarding SI was collected using the Reported Morbidity Survey. Poisson regression, as estimated by the prevalence ratio (PR), was used as a measure of the association of PA and SI with HRQoL. The majority of athletes showed a high SI prevalence (58.3%) and reported one injury (67.8%) that occurred during training (61.1%) and primarily affected a lower limb (74.6%). The adjusted regression models showed a positive association of PA with the Functional Capacity (PR = 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12-1.90) and Physical Component (PR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.03-1.70) of HRQoL. Furthermore, the SI were negatively associated with HRQoL in Functional Capacity (PR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.51-2.27), Physical Aspects (PR = 3.99, 95% CI = 3.08-5.18), Pain (PR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.26-2.16), Social Functioning (PR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.41-2.27), Emotional Aspects (PR = 4.40, 95% CI = 3.35-5.78), Mental Health domains (PR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.06-1.68), Physical Component (PR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.90-2.90) and Mental Component (PR = 2.65, 95% CI = 2.14-3.29). These results highlighted that master athletes showed a high SI prevalence, primarily in the lower limbs. PA positively correlates with the physical HRQoL domain, whereas SI may decrease the HRQoL levels of both physical and mental domains.

Characteristics and contributing factors related to sports injuries in young volleyball players

Background

The participation of young in volleyball is becoming increasingly common, and this increased involvement raises concerns about the risk of installation of sports injuries. Therefore, the objectives the study were identify the characteristics of sports injuries in young volleyball players and associate anthropometric and training variables with contributing factors for injuries.

Methods

A total of 522 volleyball players participating in the High School Olympic Games of the State of São Paulo (Brazil) were interviewed. A reported condition inquiry was used to gather information on injuries, such as anatomic site affected, mechanism and moment of injury, as well as personal and training data. The level of significance was set at 5%.

Results

A 19% frequency of injuries was found. Higher age, weight, height, body mass index and training duration values were associated with the occurrence of injuries. The most affected anatomic site was the ankle/foot complex (45 injuries, 36.3%). Direct contact and contactless mechanisms were the main causes of injuries (61 injuries; 49.2% and 48 injuries; 38.7%, respectively). Training was the moment in which most injuries occurred (93 injuries; 75%), independently of personal and training characteristics.

Conclusion

Injuries affected the ankle/foot complex with a greater frequency. Direct contact and contactless mechanisms were the most frequently reported and injuries occurred mainly during training sessions. Personal and training characteristics were contributing factors for the occurrence of injuries.

Análise da incidência lesional na ginástica aeróbica espanhola de elite

INTRODUÇÃO: A ginástica aeróbica (GA) é uma disciplina que possui exigências físicas específicas e treinamento adequado para prevenir ou minimizar a ocorrência de lesões esportivas. OBJETIVO: Analisar a incidência de lesões na GA e a sua vinculação com fatores de treinamento MÉTODO: Realizou-se um estudo em 40 desportistas valencianos com idades compreendidas entre nove e 17 anos. O procedimento de coleta de informações foi através de um questionário de morbidade. A variável dependente foram as lesões durante a temporada 2009-2010 e as variáveis independentes principais foram a carga de treinamento, o material de proteção, superfície de treinamento, gesto técnico e tipo de lesão e zona corporal lesionada. RESULTADOS: As lesões mais reincidentes foram as relacionadas a ligamentos, afetando por igual os membros superior e inferior. A metade das lesões ocorreu após a realização dos saltos, apesar do uso de algum material de proteção, além de terem ocorrido no início da temporada. Relações significativas entre o número de lesões e a experiência, os dias de treinamento e o número de competições (p < 0,05) foram encontradas. CONCLUSÕES: O número de lesões diminuiu enquanto o uso de medidas de proteção, com destaque para as munhequeiras, aumentou. Metade das lesões produziu-se durante o período de aprendizagem técnica de dificuldades.

Características das lesões desportivas e fatores associados com lesão em iniciantes de ginástica artística do sexo feminino

A ginástica artística é uma modalidade que combina arte a gestos biomecânicos e tem se destacado entre crianças e adolescentes. Sua prática pode conduzir a lesões desportivas, por isso é importante conhecer os fatores inerentes ao traumatismo para formulação de modelos preventivos. Desse modo, objetivou-se caracterizar as lesões desportivas e verificar os fatores associados com lesão em praticantes de ginástica artística de diferentes níveis de competitividade. Foram entrevistadas 46 ginastas, com média de idade de 10,1±2,0 anos do sexo feminino, classificadas em dois níveis competitivos: iniciação e treinamento. Utilizou-se o inquérito de morbidade referida adaptado com as características da modalidade para reunir dados pessoais, de treinamento e da lesão. Foram observadas 0,3 lesões por atleta e 1,4 lesões por atleta lesionado, em que ginastas da categoria de treinamento apresentaram maior frequência de lesão (83,3%; n=10) do que as de iniciação (10,5%; n=4). Para ambos os níveis, o momento treinamento e a gravidade leve foram os mais relatados. No mecanismo, o sem contato foi mais prevalente na categoria de treinamento (90%; n=9) e o contato direto foi o mais frequente na iniciação (75%; n=3). As variáveis antropométricas e de treinamento foram consideradas fatores associados com lesão para as ginastas. Conclui-se que ginastas da categoria de treinamento possuem maior frequência de lesão. As variáveis antropométricas e de treinamento foram fatores associados com lesão. As características das lesões dependem do nível de competitividade das ginastas.

Exploração de fatores de risco para lesões desportivas em atletas de tênis de mesa

A prática do tênis de mesa requer inúmeras ações dinâmicas que podem conduzir a lesões desportivas, por isso é de importância conhecer fatores inerentes ao traumatismo nos atletas para posterior formulação dos modelos preventivos. Objetivou-se explorar os fatores de risco para lesões desportivas em mesa-tenistas. Para isso, foram entrevistados 111 atletas participantes do Campeonato Paulista de Tênis de Mesa, com média de idade de 22,39±8,88 anos de ambos os gêneros, recrutados ao acaso, classificados em dois níveis competitivos: regional/estadual e nacional/internacional. Utilizou-se o Inquérito de Morbidade Referida adaptado com as características do tênis de mesa com a finalidade de reunir dados pessoais, de treinamento e da lesão desportiva. Foram observadas 0,51 lesões por atleta, e os atletas de nível nacional/internacional apresentaram maiores índices de lesão (52,94%) do que os de nível estadual/regional (48,84%). No gesto específico, notou-se que os membros superiores (93,62%) e o tronco (87,5%) são os locais mais acometidos. Para ambos os níveis, o treinamento foi o momento mais relatado de ocorrência dos agravos. Conclui-se que atletas de nível nacional/internacional possuem maiores índices de lesão e que o gesto específico é a principal causa das lesões, acometendo principalmente os membros superiores e o tronco e ocorrendo com maior frequência durante o treinamento.

Investigation of risk factors and characteristics of dance injuries

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors for the occurrence of sport injuries in dancers related to anthropometric variables, training, and specific dance characteristics.

DESIGN

One-year, retrospective, cross-sectional study.

SETTING

26th Dance Festival of Joinville (Brazil), 2008.

PARTICIPANTS

Five hundred dancers (409 women and 91 men) with a mean age of 18.26 ± 4.55 years.

ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS

Dancers participating in the 26th Dance Festival of Joinville (Brazil) were interviewed using the Reported Condition Inquiry, which was previously validated and modified for dance. This questionnaire contains questions addressing the anthropometric data of the volunteers and characteristics of injuries that occurred in the past 12 months.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

The data were collected through interviews addressing the occurrence of injuries and respective characteristics. Injury was considered any pain or musculoskeletal condition resulting from training and competition sufficient to alter the normal training routine in terms of form, duration, intensity, or frequency.

RESULTS

A total of 377 injuries (75.40%) of the interviewees reported injuries in the past 12 months. The most affected anatomic segments were the ankle/foot (92 injuries; 28.75%) and thigh/leg (88 injuries; 27.50%) in classical ballet, the thigh/leg (43 injuries; 27.92%) in jazz/contemporary dance, and the knee (22 injuries; 43.14%) in tap/folk dance. The most reported causal mechanisms were dynamic overload and excessive use.

CONCLUSIONS

Age and body weight were associated with injury in jazz/contemporary dance. Height was associated with injury in classical ballet and tap/folk dance. Duration of practice was associated with injury in classical ballet and jazz/contemporary dance.