Efeitos de um programa de exercicios fisicos sobre a pressao arterial e medidas antropometricas

[Effects of physical exercise on cardiovascular risk and quality of life in hypertensive elderly people]

The scope of this article is to evaluate the effects of a mixed protocol of physical exercises on cardiovascular risk (CVR), quality of life and the presence of depressive symptoms in elderly hypertensive patients. It involved a longitudinal, prospective and quasi-experimental study with 48 elderly individuals. A physical exercise protocol was developed for 16 weeks according to American College of Sports Medicine, and anthropometric variables (weight, height, body mass index and waist circumference), as well as biochemical variables (total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c; triglycerides) were evaluated. The mean age was 66.5±4.8 years. The frequent CVR factors were dyslipidemia (58.3%) and sedentary lifestyle (45.8%). After intervention, there was a reduction in mean values of total and LDL-cholesterol and increased HDL-cholesterol levels. The CVR and global risk score decreased significantly. The frequency of depressive symptoms decreased from 25% to 4.2%. An improvement was observed in SF-36 physical, health and vitality domains. The mixed protocol of physical exercises constituted a possible low cost and effective alternative in the improvement of the lipid profile and the quality of life related to the health of the elderly who participated in this research.

[Changes in the physical activity of university students: association with health information and access to places for practicing]

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate changes in the physical activity level (PAL) of students within the first two years of studies and their association with access to health information and places for physical activity.

METHODS

The sample included students who were admitted to the Federal University of Reconcavo in Bahia, Brazil, and were observed during their first two years of studies. Socioeconomic and demographic aspects, as well as body mass, height, health information and access to places for physical activity were assessed through a self-report. PAL was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and classified based on the criteria of the Research Committee for IPAQ. Chi-square test and McNemar test (p<0.05) were used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS

The sample that participated during the entire observation period was composed of 92 students (64.1% female). The insufficiently active students ratio increased from 7.6% to 12.0% during the first two years of undergraduate studies, but this difference was not significant (p>0.05). Students who did not receive information about health care during the course of their studies were more likely to remain/become insufficiently active (p<0.001). There was no association between PAL and access to places for physical activity (p>0.05).

CONCLUSION

A tendency to an increase in insufficiently active ratio during higher education was observed. Policies aimed at training students about health care in universities may be useful for increasing physical activity, thus contributing to improve the health condition of the students.