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Top KA, Chen RT, Levy O, Ozonoff A, Carleton B, Crawford NW, Creech CB, Kochhar S, Poland GA, Gutu K, Cutland CL. Advancing the Science of Vaccine Safety During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic and Beyond: Launching an International Network of Special Immunization Services. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:S11-S17. [PMID: 35680552 PMCID: PMC9376276 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Within 2 years after the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccines were developed, rigorously evaluated in large phase 3 trials, and administered to more than 5 billion individuals globally. However, adverse events of special interest (AESIs) have been described post-implementation, including myocarditis after receipt of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines and thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome after receipt of adenoviral vector vaccines. AESIs are rare (<1 to 10/100 000 vaccinees) and less frequent than COVID-19 complications, though they have associated morbidity and mortality. The diversity of COVID-19 vaccine platforms (eg, mRNA, viral vector, protein) and rates of AESIs both between and within platforms (eg, higher rate of myocarditis after mRNA-1273 vs BNT162b2 vaccines) present an important opportunity to advance vaccine safety science. The International Network of Special Immunization Services has been formed with experts in vaccine safety, systems biology, and other relevant disciplines to study cases of AESIs and matched controls to uncover the pathogenesis of rare AESIs and inform vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert T Chen
- Correspondence: Robert T. Chen, Task Force for Global Health, 330 W. Ponce de Leon Ave, Decatur, GA, 30030, USA ()
| | - Ofer Levy
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Al Ozonoff
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruce Carleton
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nigel W Crawford
- Royal Children’s Hospital, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - C Buddy Creech
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Research Program, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sonali Kochhar
- Global Healthcare Consulting, New Delhi, India,Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Gregory A Poland
- Mayo Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kimberley Gutu
- Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Clare L Cutland
- African Leadership in Vaccinology Expertise, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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