1
|
Elchaninov A, Vishnyakova P, Lokhonina A, Kiseleva V, Menyailo E, Antonova M, Mamedov A, Arutyunyan I, Bolshakova G, Goldshtein D, Bao X, Fatkhudinov T, Sukhikh G. Spleen regeneration after subcutaneous heterotopic autotransplantation in a mouse model. Biol Res 2023; 56:15. [PMID: 36991509 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00427-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Splenectomy may lead to severe postoperative complications, including sepsis and cancers. A possible solution to this problem is heterotopic autotransplantation of the spleen. Splenic autografts rapidly restore the regular splenic microanatomy in model animals. However, the functional competence of such regenerated autografts in terms of lympho- and hematopoietic capacity remains uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to monitor the dynamics of B and T lymphocyte populations, the monocyte-macrophage system, and megakaryocytopoiesis in murine splenic autografts. METHODS The model of subcutaneous splenic engraftment was implemented in C57Bl male mice. Cell sources of functional recovery were studied using heterotopic transplantations from B10-GFP donors to C57Bl recipients. The cellular composition dynamics were studied by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Expression of regulatory genes at mRNA and protein levels was assessed by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS Characteristic splenic architecture is restored within 30 days post-transplantation, consistent with other studies. The monocyte-macrophage system, megakaryocytes, and B lymphocytes show the highest rates, whereas the functional recovery of T cells takes longer. Cross-strain splenic engraftments using B10-GFP donors indicate the recipient-derived cell sources of the recovery. Transplantations of scaffolds populated with splenic stromal cells or without them afforded no restoration of the characteristic splenic architecture. CONCLUSIONS Allogeneic subcutaneous transplantation of splenic fragments in a mouse model leads to their structural recovery within 30 days, with full reconstitution of the monocyte-macrophage, megakaryocyte and B lymphocyte populations. The circulating hematopoietic cells provide the likely source for the cell composition recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Elchaninov
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Russia.
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
| | - Polina Vishnyakova
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya Lokhonina
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktoria Kiseleva
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Egor Menyailo
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Antonova
- Histology Department, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aiaz Mamedov
- Histology Department, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Arutyunyan
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina Bolshakova
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Goldshtein
- Laboratory of Stem Cells Genetics, Research Center of Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Xuhui Bao
- Institute of Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady Sukhikh
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
de Faria FP, Petroianu A, Mota LG, Fernandes SOA, Geraldo JM, Nascimento CB, Vital KD. Splenic, hepatic, renal and pulmonary clearance dysfunction associated with high-energy X-rays. Int J Radiat Biol 2022; 98:1257-1260. [PMID: 34919028 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2020360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To verify the high-energy X-rays effects on the blood clearance of colloidal particles by the spleen, liver, kidneys, and lungs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventeen male Wistar rats were distributed into three groups. Group 1 (n = 5) - control - non-irradiated animals, group 2 (n = 6) - irradiated animals studied 24 h after irradiation, and group 3 (n = 6) - irradiated animals studied 48 h after irradiation. The animals were anesthetized and irradiated with a non-fractionated 8 Gy dose in the abdominal region divided into two parallel and opposite fields, 4 Gy was given to the anteroposterior and 4 Gy to the posteroanterior. This high dose of high-energy X-rays causes extensive cell killing, tissue disorganization and break down cell to cell communication. According to the groups, 50 µCi of technetium-phytate were injected into the right internal jugular vein. After 30 minutes, the liver, spleen, kidneys, and lungs were removed. The clot was harvested from the abdominal cavity two minutes after the sectioning of the abdominal aorta and cava vein. The organs and clot were placed into plastic flasks to be weighed and studied for the emission of radioactivity in a gamma radiation detector. The uptake function of each organ was calculated based on the count of gamma rays emitted per minute and normalized with the organ mass, having as a reference the radioactivity count of a standard sample. The arithmetic mean of each organ uptake was calculated and compared among the groups. RESULTS After irradiation, the spleen uptake of colloidal radiopharmaceutical was greater, while the hepatic, renal, and pulmonary uptake were lower. The renal uptake decreased slower than the hepatic and pulmonary uptake. CONCLUSIONS A single high dose of high-energy X-rays enhances the splenic clearance function, while it reduces the hepatic, renal, and pulmonary clearance until 48 h after irradiation, with a rapid deterioration of the hepatic and pulmonary uptake function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando P de Faria
- Departamento de Engenharia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil.,Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Andy Petroianu
- Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Luciene G Mota
- Departamento de Anatomia e Imagem, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Simone O A Fernandes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Jony M Geraldo
- Centro de Radioterapia do Hospital Luxemburgo, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | | | - Katia D Vital
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Changes in splenic uptake pattern associated with X-ray irradiation. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04932. [PMID: 32995620 PMCID: PMC7501432 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the splenic uptake function after irradiation with high-energy X-rays. Materials and methods Fourteen male Wistar rats were distributed into three groups. Group 1 (n = 6) – control, non-irradiated; Group 2 (n = 4) – animals that were irradiated and studied 24 h after irradiation; and Group 3 (n = 4) – animals that were irradiated and studied 48 h after irradiation. The animals were irradiated with 8 Gy X-rays in the abdominal region. According with the groups, after 24 or 48 h, 1 ml/kg of a 50% colloidal carbon solution was injected in the left internal jugular vein. After 40 min, the spleens were removed for histological studies. Macrophages containing carbon pigments in their cytoplasms were counted in 16 consecutive microscopic fields, and their means were considered as the uptake pattern of each animal. Results In the control groups, carbon pigments were captured by macrophages in the red and white pulps, while in the irradiated groups, the uptake in the marginal zone, around the white pulp, was enhanced. There was no disorder on the splenic parenchyma or necrosis in histological analyzes. Qualitatively rare apoptotic events were observed, with no difference between control and irradiated animals. Conclusion The high-energy X-ray, used in radiotherapy, modifies the splenic clearance, enhancing the amount of marginal zone macrophages containing colloid particles. This radiation was not associated with morphological changes, nor with necrosis or apoptosis of splenic tissue.
Collapse
|
4
|
Levy-Pereira N, Yasui GS, Evangelista MM, Nascimento NF, Santos MP, Siqueira-Silva DH, Monzani PS, Senhorini JA, Pilarski F. In vivo phagocytosis and hematology in Astyanax altiparanae, a potential model for surrogate technology. BRAZ J BIOL 2020; 80:336-344. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.205893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Although the potential of surrogate propagation technology for aquaculture and conservation of Neotropical fish, the poor understanding of the host immune system may results in rejection and destruction of the donor material. Thus, it is necessary to study and to develop methods to evaluate the effects of immunosuppressive drugs employment and to evaluate the immunocompatibility between donor and receptor. Thus, the present study aimed to optimize a methodology to assess in vivo phagocytosis in Astyanax altiparanae using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and to evaluate their hematological response resultant from the inflammatory induction. To this, S. cerevisiae were labeled with Congo red and injected in the coelomic cavity of A. altiparanae at the concentration of 2.5 x 106 cells mL-1. A PBS solution and a non-injected group were kept as control. Fish blood was sampled and the phagocytic capacity and index were determined at 1, 2, 3 and 6 h post-injection (hpi). The yeast injection successfully stimulated phagocytosis, with the best result for phagocytosis assessment after 2 hpi. Moreover, it was achieved a high traceability of phagocytized and non-phagocytized yeast under optic microscopy analysis due to the Congo red labeling. The hematological profile was similar to usually observed in early infections, indicating lymphocyte migration to inflammatory site and increase in number of circulating phagocytes due to natural response to inflammatory stimulus. In conclusion, our method was efficient to assess in vivo phagocytosis in A. altiparanae and will be an important tool to evaluate the efficacy of immunosuppressive drugs in this species. Additionally, these results may serve as support for further studies in fish immunocompetence, both in laboratory and in field conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N. Levy-Pereira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brasil; Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Brasil
| | - G. S. Yasui
- Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Brasil; Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brasil
| | - M. M. Evangelista
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brasil; Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Brasil
| | | | | | - D. H. Siqueira-Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Brasil
| | - P. S. Monzani
- Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Brasil; Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil
| | - J. A. Senhorini
- Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Brasil; Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brasil
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tiveron RDR, Costa DA, Leite MDI, Vaz CBS, Sousa M, Carlos SMCF, Oliveira CJF, Machado RR, Paulino TP. Evaluation of cell damage and modulation of cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 in macrophages exposed to PpIX-mediated photodynamic therapy. BRAZ J BIOL 2019; 80:497-505. [PMID: 31576928 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.193748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known regarding whether photodynamic therapy (PDT)-induced cell death can substantially compromise macrophages (MΦ), which are important cells in PDT-induced immune responses. Here, parameters of PDT-mediated MΦ cytotoxicity and cytokine production in response to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) were evaluated. Peritoneal MΦ from BALB/c mice were stimulated in vitro with PDT, light, PpIX, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After that, cell viability, lipid peroxidation, Nitric Oxide (NO), DNA damage, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 were evaluated. Short PDT exposure reduced cell viability by 10-30%. There was a two-fold increase in NO and DNA degradation, despite the non-increase in lipoperoxidation. PDT increased TNF-α and IL-10, particularly in the presence of LPS, and decreased the production of IL-6 to 10-fold. PDT causes cellular stress, induces NO radicals and leads to DNA degradation, generating a cytotoxic microenvironment. Furthermore, PDT modulates pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in MΦ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R D R Tiveron
- Núcleo de Biotérios, Biotério Central, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brasil
| | - D A Costa
- Universidade de Uberaba, Uberaba, MG, Brasil
| | - M D I Leite
- Programa de Mestrado em Odontologia, Universidade de Uberaba, Uberaba, MG, Brasil
| | - C B S Vaz
- Universidade de Uberaba, Uberaba, MG, Brasil
| | - M Sousa
- Universidade de Uberaba, Uberaba, MG, Brasil
| | - S M C F Carlos
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar, Centro de Educação Profissional, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brasil
| | - C J F Oliveira
- Núcleo de Biotérios, Biotério Central, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brasil
| | - R R Machado
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - T P Paulino
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar, Centro de Educação Profissional, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Teixeira RKC, Santiago LDA, Sasaki YDA, Yamaki VN, Feijó DH, Brito MVH, Yasojima EY, Petroianu A. INFLUENCE OF SPLENIC IMPLANTS IN THE SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE ON ASPLENIC ANIMALS SURVIVAL. ABCD-ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA 2018; 31:e1364. [PMID: 29972392 PMCID: PMC6044191 DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020180001e1364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: The best site for splenic implant was not defined, mainly evaluating the
functionality of the implant. Aim: To evaluate the effects of autogenous splenic implantation on the
subcutaneous tissue in the survival of splenectomized rats. Method: Twenty-one randomly assigned rats were studied in three groups (n=7): group 1
- manipulation of the abdominal cavity and preservation of the spleen; group
2 - total splenectomy; group 3 - splenectomy and implant of the tissue
removed in the subcutaneous. The animals were followed for 90 days
postoperatively. Results: There was a higher mortality in groups 2 (p=0.0072) and 3 (p=0.0172) in
relation to group 1. There was no difference between groups 2 and 3
(p=0.9817). Conclusion: The splenic implant in the subcutaneous is ineffective in the survival of
rats submitted to splenectomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renan Kleber Costa Teixeira
- Laboratório de Cirurgia Experimental da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Estadual do Pará - UEPA, Belém, PA
| | - Laryssa de Aquino Santiago
- Laboratório de Cirurgia Experimental da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Estadual do Pará - UEPA, Belém, PA
| | - Yan de Assis Sasaki
- Laboratório de Cirurgia Experimental da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Estadual do Pará - UEPA, Belém, PA
| | - Vitor Nagai Yamaki
- Laboratório de Cirurgia Experimental da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Estadual do Pará - UEPA, Belém, PA
| | - Daniel Haber Feijó
- Laboratório de Cirurgia Experimental da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Estadual do Pará - UEPA, Belém, PA
| | | | - Edson Yuzur Yasojima
- Laboratório de Cirurgia Experimental da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Estadual do Pará - UEPA, Belém, PA
| | - Andy Petroianu
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Karip B, Mestan M, Işık Ö, Keskin M, Çelik K, İşcan Y, Memişoğlu K. A solution to the negative effects of splenectomy during colorectal trauma and surgery: an experimental study on splenic autotransplantation to the groin area. BMC Surg 2015; 15:129. [PMID: 26680368 PMCID: PMC4683765 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-015-0105-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Splenectomy after combined colosplenic trauma or iatrogenic splenic injury during colorectal surgery associates with worse short- and long-term outcomes, including reduced survival in patients with colorectal cancer. Splenic autotransplantation may improve the outcomes of such patients. Omental splenic transplantation is the standard procedure but may be difficult when performing laparoscopic colorectal surgery or when total or subtotal omentectomy is required. This animal model study was performed to evaluate the impact of splenic autotransplantation to the groin area on colonic wound healing. METHODS Thirty rats were divided into three groups of ten animals. One group underwent colon anastomosis and sham splenectomy, the second underwent colon anastomosis and splenectomy, and the third underwent colon anastomosis, splenectomy, and intramuscular autotransplantation of the spleen. On postoperative day 7, anastomotic healing was evaluated by measuring bursting pressure and hydroxyproline levels. The third group was subjected to scintigraphy before sacrifice to assess whether the transplant was functional. RESULTS The mortality rates of the sham, splenectomized, and transplanted animals were 0 %, 30 %, and 20 %, respectively: the splenectomized animals had significantly lower mean bursting pressures than the other two groups (p = 0.002). The mean hydroxyproline levels of the three groups were 467.4, 335.3, and 412.7 mg hydroxyproline/g protein, respectively (p = 0.0856). Nine of the ten transplanted animals (90 %) had splenic activity on scintigraphy. CONCLUSIONS Splenectomy impaired the healing of the colonic anastomosis. This effect was largely reversed by splenic autotransplantation. Intramuscular autotransplantation to the groin area appears to be feasible and effective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bora Karip
- Department of General Surgery, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Barajyolu Caddesi Flora Evleri, E-15 Yenisehir/Atasehir, PB, 34758, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Metin Mestan
- Department of General Surgery, Kütahya Evliya Çelebi Training and Research Hospital, Kütahya, Turkey.
| | - Özgen Işık
- Department of General Surgery, Özel Acıbadem Hospital, Bursa, Turkey.
| | - Metin Keskin
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul University, Istanbul School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Kafkas Çelik
- Department of General Surgery, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Barajyolu Caddesi Flora Evleri, E-15 Yenisehir/Atasehir, PB, 34758, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yalın İşcan
- Department of General Surgery, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Barajyolu Caddesi Flora Evleri, E-15 Yenisehir/Atasehir, PB, 34758, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Kemal Memişoğlu
- Department of General Surgery, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Barajyolu Caddesi Flora Evleri, E-15 Yenisehir/Atasehir, PB, 34758, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rodrigues FG, Petroianu A, Diniz SOF, Cardoso VN, Parreira EVD. Scintigraphic study of the splenic circulation in rats. Rev Col Bras Cir 2014; 41:345-50. [PMID: 25467100 DOI: 10.1590/0100-69912014005009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the splenic parenchymal blood distribution through scintigraphic study. METHODS Thirty Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 5). Group 1 (spleen - 30 minutes) and Group 2 (spleen - 90 minutes) underwent laparotomy with direction of blood flow to the spleen by ligature of the aorta near the iliac bifurcation and splanchnic vessels, keeping blood flow only in the splenic artery; Group 3 (spleen and stomach - 30 minutes) and Group 4 (spleen and stomach - 90 minutes) underwent laparotomy with direction of blood flow to the spleen and stomach by ligature of the aorta near the iliac bifurcation and splanchnic vessels, maintaining the flow through the splenic, gastric and splenogastric vessels; Group 5 (control - 30 minutes) and Group 6 (control - 90 minutes) underwent laparotomy and ligation of the aorta near the iliac bifurcation, keeping the flow to the abdominal organs. After arterial ligation, the animals received an injection of 0.2 ml of sodium pertechnetate in the aorta. Scintigraphic images were taken and the animals had their spleens removed for radioactivity counting with an automatic counter device. RESULTS There was no difference in the amounts of radiation from the spleen between groups, indicating retention of the radioisotope by the spleen, even after the period of 90 minutes. CONCLUSION The blood flow through the spleen is not continuous. The blood diffuses through the splenic parenchyma and its venous drainage is slow, not following a predictable sequence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Gontijo Rodrigues
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Marques RG, Lucena SBSG, Caetano CER, de Sousa VO, Portela MC, Petroianu A. Blood clearance of Howell-Jolly bodies in an experimental autogenic splenic implant model. Br J Surg 2014; 101:820-7. [PMID: 24760735 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autogenic splenic implant (ASI) is one of the few alternatives for preservation of splenic tissue when total splenectomy is inevitable. The aim of this study was to determine the morphological and functional regeneration of ASIs, as indicated by the clearance of Howell-Jolly (HJ) bodies, in an experimental model. METHODS Ninety-nine male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: sham-operated (group 1), total splenectomy alone (group 2), and total splenectomy combined with ASI (group 3). Animals in group 3 were further allocated to nine subgroups of nine rats each, and analysed at different time points (1, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28 and 32 weeks after surgery). Blood smears were prepared at predetermined times for detection of HJ bodies. Morphological regeneration of tissue in the ASI was analysed by histology. RESULTS At 1 week, the regenerated mass corresponded to about 7 per cent of the tissue implanted, reaching approximately 54 per cent at 24 weeks. The HJ body levels were increased in groups 2 and 3 until 8 weeks after surgery, following which levels in the ASI group became similar to those in the sham-operated group. HJ bodies were difficult to detect when a level of 22.5 per cent of regenerated ASI mass was reached. CONCLUSION Functional regeneration of ASIs occurred from 8 weeks after surgery. When 22.5 per cent of regenerated ASI mass was reached almost no HJ bodies could be observed in the bloodstream, resembling a spleen in situ. SURGICAL RELEVANCE Splenectomy has been practised routinely, both in the emergency setting and as a therapeutic elective procedure. There is a correlation between asplenia/hyposplenia and the occurrence of fulminant sepsis, underlining the importance of developing surgical methods for preserving splenic function. Both clinical and experimental studies have shown at least partial morphological and functional regeneration of autogenic splenic implants (ASIs). Experimental studies investigating the immunoprotective effect of ASIs, based mostly on exposure of animals to various bacteria, have demonstrated that ASIs can increase the rate of bacterial clearance and decrease mortality from sepsis. Clinical studies have shown their ability to remove colloidal substances and altered erythrocyte corpuscular inclusions, such as Howell-Jolly, Heinz and Pappenheimer bodies, from the bloodstream. In this experimental study the functional and morphological regeneration of ASIs was studied over time in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R G Marques
- Department of General Surgery, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Late splenosis evaluation after autoimplantation of spleen morsels in major omentum in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis patients using SPECT/CT imaging. Clin Nucl Med 2012; 37:372-3. [PMID: 22391708 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0b013e31823ea497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
11
|
Perobelli S, Alves C, Rezende A, Farias R, Nunes S, Teixeira H. Splenic autotransplantation reverses interferon-gamma and nitric oxide production and resistance to Listeria monocytogenes in splenectomized mice. Transpl Infect Dis 2010; 13:154-60. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2010.00562.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
12
|
Fernandes BF, Rezende AB, Alves CCS, Teixeira FM, Farias RE, Ferreira AP, Teixeira HC. Splenic autotransplantation restores IL-17 production and antibody response to Streptococcus pneumoniae in splenectomized mice. Transpl Immunol 2009; 22:195-7. [PMID: 20036332 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2009.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2009] [Revised: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The high incidence of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae can be reduced by splenic autotransplantation. In this study the effect of splenectomy and splenic autotransplantation on the immune response to S. pneumoniae infection was investigated. Balb/c mice were divided into three groups: splenectomized (SP), splenectomized and autotransplanted (AT), and sham operated control (CT). Five days post-infection the serum antibody levels were measured and the number of S. pneumoniae CFU, neutrophil accumulation and IL-17 production in the liver and lungs were investigated. SP mice showed greater number of bacteria in both organs and lower serum levels of S. pneumoniae-specific IgM, IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies. IL-17 production and neutrophil recruitment to the liver and lungs were lower in SP mice, in comparison with both the CT and the AT groups. Levels of S. pneumoniae-specific IgM, CFU counts, neutrophil accumulation and IL-17 production did not differ significantly between the CT and AT groups. These results suggest that splenic autotransplantation restores the capacity of splenectomized mice to fight S. pneumoniae infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B F Fernandes
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dinis APG, Marques RG, Simões FC, Diestel CF, Caetano CER, Secchin DJF, Neto JFN, Portela MC. Plasma Lipid Levels of Rats Fed a Diet Containing Pork Fat as a Source of Lipids after Splenic Surgery. Lipids 2009; 44:537-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-009-3302-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2008] [Accepted: 04/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
14
|
Turk R, Vnuk D, Svetina A, Flegar-Meštri Z, Robi M, Turk N, Starešina V, Rumenjak V, Jureti D. Effect of Splenectomy and Autologous Spleen Transplantation on the Serum Platelet-Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) Activity and Acute Phase Response (APR) in a Porcine Model. Inflammation 2009; 32:340-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-009-9117-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
15
|
Petroianu A, Cabezas-Andrade MA, Neto RB. Laparoscopic splenic autotransplantation. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2007; 16:259-62. [PMID: 16921309 DOI: 10.1097/00129689-200608000-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Since 1990, we have performed splenic autotransplantation in more than 100 patients to treat splenic trauma, portal hypertension, myeloid metaplasia due to myelofibrosis, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and Gaucher disease. The aim of this present study was to present splenic autotransplantation performed by laparoscopic means. A 33-year-old woman with severe splenic pain due to ischemia caused by multiple focal thromboses of splenic arterial branches was successfully treated by laparoscopic splenectomy and splenic tissue autotransplantation. The spleen was removed and cut in 20 fragments that were sutured to the greater omentum. This procedure was safely conducted with minor bleeding and no technical difficulties or complications. The postoperative follow-up of 12 months has been uneventful; the patient's pain disappeared on the first postoperative day. Hematologic, immunologic, tomographic, and scintigraphic examinations confirmed the functions of the splenic autotransplants. It is feasible and safe to perform splenic autotransplants by laparoscopic means.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andy Petroianu
- Alfa Institute of Gastroenterology of the Hospital of Clinics of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sipka S, Bráth E, Tóth FF, Aleksza M, Kulcsár A, Fábián A, Baráth S, Balogh P, Sipka S, Furka I, Mikó I. Cellular and serological changes in the peripheral blood of splenectomized and spleen autotransplanted mice. Transpl Immunol 2006; 16:99-104. [PMID: 16860712 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2006.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2005] [Revised: 03/20/2006] [Accepted: 03/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our department worked out a modified surgical form of spleen autotransplantation earlier, named "spleen apron method" introduced already into the clinical practice. Recently we tested the immunological changes in a group of patients autotransplanted with about 10-15% of their spleen, what was the at least always implantable amount after the severe splenic injuries. In the current work we aimed at measuring some cellular and serological changes in the peripheral blood of splenectomized and spleen autotransplanted inbred mice two and eight months after the operations in order to get more unambiguous results than that we could obtain in our patients with this technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS We divided 96 two months old Balb/c female mice into eight groups (n = 12/group). The group of controls, sham operated, splenectomized and autotransplanted animals with two and eight months of survival time after the operations. During the autotransplantation we inserted the same amount of spleen, five slices, "chips," about 10-15% of total mass of spleen, into the greater omentum similarly as it was used in the patients. The concentration of serum proteins were measured by laser nephelometry. The lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS We found that two months after the operations the number of CD 19+ B-cells increased in the splenectomized but decreased in the autotransplanted animals. Eight months after the operations the number of both CD3+ T and CD19+ B lymphocytes decreased both in the splenectomized and autotransplanted animals compared to the controls and sham operated mice. However, the numbers of T and B cells were slightly but not significantly higher in the autotransplanted than in the splenectomized mice. The serum level of IgM was also decreased in the splenectomized and autotransplanted mice at both time points, however, eight months after the operations the concentration of IgM was significantly higher in the autotransplanted group than in the splenectomized animals. CONCLUSION The effects of autotransplanted "chips" were different at the various ages of the animals. Additionally, they showed some immunological benefit being quantitatively in accordance to the amount of the transplanted spleen. The elevated level of serum IgM what we found in the autotransplanted mice even with this amount of transplanted spleen eight months after the operations, however, might have the potentially greatest importance compared to splenectomy. These experiments can prove that the attempts for autotransplantation may have real perspectives but their efficacy depends on the amount of the successfully transplanted (saved) mass of spleen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sándor Sipka
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Hungary.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sipka S, Brath E, Toth FF, Fabian A, Krizsan C, Barath S, Sipka S, Nemeth N, Balint A, Furka I, Miko I. Distribution of peripheral blood cells in mice after splenectomy or autotransplantation. Microsurgery 2006; 26:43-9. [PMID: 16444714 DOI: 10.1002/micr.20209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to compare the distribution changes of peripheral leukocytes and erythrocytes in splenectomized and spleen-autotransplanted BALB/c female mice (n = 96), 2 and 8 months after surgery. In total, there were eight groups of animals: splenectomy, autotransplantation, sham, and untreated controls at both time points. We used the spleen-apron method of Furka et al. (Khirurgiia (Mosk) 1989;9:125-127), inserting five spleen chips into the greater omentum, for autotransplantation. Quantitative and qualitative blood cell counts and the phagocytic activity of cells (stimulated with zymosan) were determined. In splenectomized animals, the number of neutrophils significantly increased 8 months after surgery. The greatest phagocytic activity of neutrophils, however, was observed in autotransplanted animals of the same age. In splenectomized animals, erythrocyte volumes were significantly higher in the second postoperative month, but normalized by the eighth month. In conclusion, spleen autotransplantation has some beneficial effects, including clearing erythrocytes and preserving the phagocytic activity of neutrophils in peripheral blood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandor Sipka
- Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kestering DDM, d'Acampora AJ, Farias DC, Brum SPB, Ely JB. Resistência de ratos à peritonite fecal quando submetidos a esplenectomia e auto-implante do baço no retroperitônio. Acta Cir Bras 2005; 20:473-7. [PMID: 16302085 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502005000600014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJETIVO: O estudo foi desenvolvido para avaliar os efeitos do autotransplante esplênico na proteção contra sepse abdominal em ratos Wistar jovens e adultos. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 54 ratos Wistar jovens e adultos (90 e 180 dias respectivamente) sendo distribuídos em 3 grupos: Grupo Sham, onde os animais eram submetidos a laparotomia com manipulação de alças apenas (n=6 animais jovens adultos), Grupo Esplenectomia, no qual os animais eram submetidos a esplenectomia total (n=10 animais jovens e adultos) e Grupo Auto-implante, onde os animais eram submetidos a esplenectomia total e um terço do baço era implantado em uma bolsa no retroperitônio (n=10 animais jovens e adultos). Após três meses os animais eram submetidos a nova laparotomia com ligadura e perfuração do ceco para estimular a sepse abdominal e acompanhados até o momento do óbito para estabelecimento de uma curva de mortalidade. RESULTADOS: Houve recuperação do baço implantado em todos os animais. Não houve diferença significativa entre o tempo de óbito entre os grupos. Os animais jovens aparentemente tiveram uma melhor resposta embora não estatisticamente significativa. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo demonstrou que o auto-implante de baço no retroperitônio não provê proteção efetiva contra sepse abdominal em comparação aos ratos esplenectomizados.
Collapse
|