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Xavier Junior MDL, Ferreira RDS, Teixeira LDV, Valentim JK, Gomes KM, Bernandes RD, Calderano AA, Albino LFT. Metabolizable Energy and Amino Acid Digestibility of Soybean Meal from Different Sources for Broiler Chickens Supplemented with Protease. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:782. [PMID: 38473167 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of the serine protease on metabolizable energy and amino acids' digestibility of different soybean meal for broilers. A total of 684 broilers chickens form 14 to 23 d age were distributed with nineteen treatments, six replicates, and six birds per replicate. Nine samples of soybean meal from different regions in Brazil were used, with some samples supplemented with the protease enzyme and others without addition. Apparent and corrected-for-nitrogen-balance metabolizable energy were evaluated, as well as the coefficients of amino acid digestibility. All collected data were submitted to ANOVA at a significance level of 5% and Tukey's test was applied. The results showed that the addition of the protease enzyme significantly increased the values of AME and AMEn in all soybean meal samples. The soybean meal of different origins has significant variations in AME and AMEn. The addition of the protease improved the digestibility of essential amino acids compared to soybean meal without enzyme addition. These results indicate that supplementation with serine protease can improve the metabolizable energy and amino acid digestibility of soybean meal from different regions in the diet of broilers, potentially being an effective strategy to enhance nutrient utilization and animal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Levy do Vale Teixeira
- DSM Nutritional Products Brazil, Innovation and Applied Science, Mairinque 18120-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Jean Kaique Valentim
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Kaique Moreira Gomes
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
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Oyeagu CE, Mlambo V, Lewu FB. Histomorphometric traits, microbiota, nutrient digestibility, growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality parameters of chickens fed diets supplemented with different levels of Bacillus protease. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2022.2161552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chika E. Oyeagu
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Victor Mlambo
- Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Mbombela, South Africa
| | - Francis B. Lewu
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
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Carneiro ALM, Café MB, Carvalho FBD, Oliveira HFD, Carvalho DP, Carvalho GBD, Gomides LPS, Stringhini JH. Effects of a monocomponent protease from Bacillus licheniformis on broiler performance, digestibility, and carcass yield. ACTA SCIENTIARUM: ANIMAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v45i1.58499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of protease addition to the diet of broilers at a higher level (1× or 2×) than the nutritional value proposed for the enzyme. The first experiment, 1280 day-old chicks (Cobb500®) were randomly allocated (randomized block design, 2×2+1 factorial arrangement), five treatments, eight replicates containing 32 birds/replicate. Treatments consisted: control diet without protease (CD); CD + 1× nutritional value of the enzyme (CDM1); CD + 2× nutritional value of the enzyme (CDM2); CDM1 + protease; and CDM2 + protease. The experimental period was 42 days. The mean weight (AFW), feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), feed conversion, and carcass yield were evaluated. Significant differences were observed for AFW, WG, FI, abdominal fat yield, and feet percentage in the carcass. In the second experiment, 120 Cobb500® chicks at 14 days of age were allotted in a completely randomized design, 2×2+1 factorial arrangement, five treatments, six replicates with four birds/replicate. The treatments were consistent with the first experiment. Significant improvements in the nitrogen balance were observed for the broilers that received protease. The use of the enzyme tested is recommended with the recommended nutritional matrix, improving the zootechnical indices of broilers.
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Nascimento AMD, Gomes FA, Freitas HJD, Rodrigues SFDC, Pires GA, Guato CA, Souza EMD. Emulsifier and enzymatic complex in diet for free range broiler chicken in the western amazon. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-6891v23e-70663e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of adding levels of emulsifier based on soy lecithin and enzymatic complex (xylanase, β-glucanase, galactosidase, protease, amylase, and β-mannanase) on the basal diet during the raising of free-range broiler chickens. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments and six replications. Treatments were: T1: control diet, without enzymatic complex and emulsifier; T2: 0.2 kg t-1 of enzymatic complex; T3: 0.5 kg t-1 of emulsifier; T4: 0.2 kg t-1 of enzymatic complex + 0.5 kg t-1 of emulsifier; and T5: 0.3 kg t-1 of enzymatic complex + 1 kg t-1 of emulsifier. Performance data were collected every 14 days, and the animals were euthanized at 70 days to obtain carcass, breast, drumstick, and thigh yield and intestine collection for pH analysis and morphometry. The periods from 1 to 56 and 1 to 70 days showed a difference (P<0.05) in the parameters of zootechnical performance, the feed intake was lower in T4 and T5, and weight gain was better in T1, T2, T3, and T4. Feed conversion was better in T1, T2, and T4. No difference (P>0.05) was observed for poultry livability, carcass yield, viscera, and pH of duodenum and cecum. A difference was found for intestinal morphometry (P<0.05), and T5 showed the best villus/crypt ratio. The level with 0.3 kg t-1 of enzymatic complex and 1 kg t-1 of emulsifier indicated a better relationship between villi and crypts. However, the level with 0.2 kg t-1 of enzymatic complex and 0.5 kg t-1 of emulsifier added to the commercial diet led to benefits such as decreased feed intake, without affecting weight gain, thus inducing a good feed conversion.
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Nascimento AMD, Gomes FA, Freitas HJD, Rodrigues SFDC, Pires GA, Guato CA, Souza EMD. Emulsificante e complexo enzimático em dieta para frangos de corte de linhagem caipira na Amazônia ocidental. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-6891v23e-70663p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da adição de níveis de emulsificante à base de lecitina de soja e complexo enzimático (Xilanase, β-Glucanase, Galactosidase, Protease, Amilase, β-Mananase) na ração basal durante a criação de frangos de corte de linhagem caipira. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com 5 tratamentos e 6 repetições. Os tratamentos foram: T1: ração controle, sem complexo enzimático e emulsificante; T2: 0,2 kg t-1 de complexo enzimático; T3: 0,5 kg t-1 de emulsificante; T4: 0,2 kg t-1 de complexo enzimático + 0,5 kg t-1 de emulsificante; T5: 0,3 kg t-1 de complexo enzimático + 1 kg t-1 de emulsificante. A cada 14 dias foram coletados os dados do desempenho zootécnico e após 70 dias as aves foram eutanasiadas para obtenção do rendimento de carcaça, peito, coxa, sobrecoxa e coleta do intestino para análise de pH e morfometria. Nos períodos de 1 a 56 e 1 a 70 dias houve diferença (P<0,05) nos parâmetros de desempenho zootécnico, o consumo de ração foi menor no T4 e T5, e o ganho de peso foi melhor no T1, T2, T3 e T4. A conversão foi melhor em T1, T2 e T4. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) na viabilidade das aves, no rendimento de carcaça, cortes de vísceras e no pH de duodeno e cecos. Houve diferença na morfometria intestinal (P<0,05), sendo o T5 o que obteve melhor relação vilo/cripta. O nível 0,3 kg t-1 complexo enzimático com 1 kg t-1 emulsificante indicou melhor efeito na relação vilosidade e criptas. O nível com 0,2 kg t-1 do complexo enzimático com 0,5 kg t-1 do emulsificante adicionado a dieta comercial trouxe benefícios como diminuição do consumo de ração, sem afetar o ganho de peso, tendo assim uma boa conversão alimentar.
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Shad AA, Ahmad T, Iqbal MF, Asad MJ. Effects of a Novel Protease from Bacillus Subtilis K-5 in Low Protein Corn Distiller Dried Grains with Solubles (cDDGS) Based Diets on Performance and Nutrients Digestibility in Broiler Chickens. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AA Shad
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah - Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
| | - T Ahmad
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah - Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
| | - MF Iqbal
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah - Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
| | - MJ Asad
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah - Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan; Pir Mehr Ali Shah - Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
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Wickramasuriya SS, Macelline SP, Cho HM, Hong JS, Patterson R, Heo JM. Multi-carbohydrase application into energy and amino acid deficient broiler diets: A strategy to enhance performance of broiler chickens. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 63:1328-1343. [PMID: 34957447 PMCID: PMC8672263 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2021.e104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effect of Multi-Carbohydrase (MC) supplementation on growth performance,
visceral organ weights, blood metabolites, jejunum morphology, nutrient
digestibility, and carcass parameters of broiler chickens fed nutrient-deficient
corn soybean-meal based diets containing high levels of non-starch
polysaccharides from wheat and wheat by-products was investigated. A total of
378 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly assigned to one of seven
dietary treatments to give six replicates per treatment (nine birds per pen).
Dietary treatments were as follows: (1) positive control (PC; commercial
standard diet); (2) negative control 1 (NC-1; PC-120 kcal/kg metabolizable
energy); (3) NC-2 (PC-3% standardized ileal digestibility [SID] amino acids).
The remaining four dietary treatments were formulated with the addition of MC
(MC; Superzyme-CS™) into two negative controls along with two
supplementation levels of MC (i.e., 0.025% and 0.05%, respectively). Improved
body weight, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio (p
< 0.05) were observed in broiler chickens fed a reduced energy diet
supplemented with MC compared to birds fed NC-1 diet from days 1-35.
Additionally, birds fed a reduced energy diet with 0.05% MC showed comparable
(p > 0.05) growth performance with birds fed PC for
35-day post-hatch. Furthermore, the addition of MC into reduced amino acid diets
improved (p < 0.05) growth performance. Broiler chickens
fed MC supplemented nutrient-deficient diets showed a greater
(p < 0.05) villus height to crypt depth ratio than
birds fed diets without MC on days 21 and 35. Similarly, improved
(p < 0.05) nutrient digestibility was observed in
birds fed reduced energy diets supplemented with MC compared to birds fed NC-1
on days 21 and 35. Our results suggest that MC supplementation into reduced
energy or reduced amino acid diets containing wheat and wheat by-products has
the potential to improve growth performance and nutrient digestibility while
maintaining healthier gut morphology in broiler chickens from 1 to 35 days of
age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shemil Priyan Macelline
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Hyun Min Cho
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jun Seon Hong
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Attia YA, Al-Harthi MA, El-Shafey AS. Influence of Different Time and Frequency of Multienzyme Application on the Efficiency of Broiler Chicken Rearing and Some Selected Metabolic Indicators. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10030450. [PMID: 32182709 PMCID: PMC7143333 DOI: 10.3390/ani10030450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Enzymes are a useful, valuable and economic tool to improve feed utilization and thus animal performance. Costs of enzymes supplementation and time and application frequency of enzymes have received little attention other than dose and type of enzymes. This study showed that multienzymes offered intermittently during both early and late growth periods up to market age of broilers enhanced productive performance and economic profits and can substitute the daily administration with a considerable lowering of the supplementation cost. Abstract This study looks at the influence of time and/or frequency of multienzymes application on productivity, carcass characteristics, metabolic profile, and red blood cell characteristics of broiler chickens. Two hundred and eighty, one-day-old Arbor Acres broiler male chicks were randomly distributed into seven treatment groups. Each group consisted of eight replicates of five unsexed birds. The same basal diet was fed in a crumble form to all experimental groups: group one was the unsupplemented control that did not receive multienzymes supplementation. Additionally, multienzymes in water were supplemented in six groups in a factorial arrangement, including three times of application (starter time only which included days 1–21 of age, grower time only which included days 22–37 of age, and starter and grower time which included days 1–37 of age) and two application frequencies (continuously or intermittently). In the continuous application, the multienzymes were added to water over 24 h in a day, while in the intermittent frequency multienzymes were added to water for one day followed by a day off according to the time of application. Regardless of time and frequency of application, enzymes supplementation significantly increased growth rate, feed intake, European Production Index (EPI), protein digestibility, serum albumin, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Intermittent multienzymes application during days 1–21 of age or days 22–37 of age resulted in significantly greater growth, better feed conversion rate (FCR), and higher EPI of broilers during the whole rearing period than those under continuous multienzymes during different growth periods. Besides, intermittent multienzymes addition during days 1–37 of age improved FCR of broiler chicks compared to constant application. The intermittent addition of multienzymes during days 1–21 of age or 22–37 days of age and days 1–37 of age caused a significant increase in dry matter (DM) digestibility than the continuous application. The intermittent addition of multienzymes during days 1–21 of age significantly increased the digestibility of crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and crude fiber (CF) compared to continuous application. A similar trend was shown in the digestibility of CP and EE due to intermittent use during days 22–37 of age. Intermittent enzymes addition significantly increased high density lipoprotein (HDL) of groups receiving enzymes during days 22–37 of age compared to continuous application of enzymes. In conclusion, the use of multienzymes intermittently during days 1–21 of age and 22–37 days of age significantly increased growth, improved FCR, and raised EPI. Intermittent use can replace continuous multienzyme applications which can save 68.6% of the cost, even though further research is need from the cost-saving edge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef A. Attia
- Arid Land Agriculture Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (Y.A.A.); (M.A.A.-H.)
| | - Mohammed A. Al-Harthi
- Arid Land Agriculture Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (Y.A.A.); (M.A.A.-H.)
| | - Ali S. El-Shafey
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt;
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Hussain M, Mirza MA, Nawaz H, Asghar M, Ahmed G. Effect of Exogenous Protease, Mannanase, and Xylanase Supplementation in Corn and High Protein Corn DDGS Based Diets on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology and Nutrient Digestibility in Broiler Chickens. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - MA Mirza
- University of Agriculture, Pakistan
| | - H Nawaz
- University of Agriculture, Pakistan
| | - M Asghar
- University of Agriculture, Pakistan
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