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de Oliveira JS, Silva AADN, Dias FCR, de Oliveira EL, de Oliveira Filho EF, Soares PC, Ferreira CMDO, da Silva Junior VA. Histomorphometric and oxidative evaluation of the offspring's testis from type 2 diabetic female rats treated with metformin and pentoxifylline. Int J Exp Pathol 2022; 103:174-189. [PMID: 35734873 PMCID: PMC9482357 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) during pregnancy is characterized by high levels of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory factors in the placenta. Once these reactive species reach the foetus, they trigger physiological adaptations that allow the foetus to survive, but programme the organism to develop metabolic disorders in adulthood. The male reproductive system is highly susceptible to foetal programming. This study aimed to investigate the effects of intrauterine exposure to T2D on testicular histomorphometry and redox homeostasis of adult rats and evaluate the effects of maternal treatment with metformin and pentoxifylline. Female rats were induced to T2D, then treated with metformin and pentoxifylline, or co-treated with both drugs. The females were mated, the male offspring were sacrificed on postnatal day 90, and the testicles were collected for analysis. Metformin protected the tubular compartment, with the maintenance of the Sertoli cell population and daily sperm production. Pentoxifylline attenuated the effects of diabetes on Leydig cells, in addition to stimulating testosterone production and lowering lipid peroxidation. Intrauterine exposure to T2D results in important testicular alterations that compromise gonadal function, and the co-treatment with metformin and pentoxifylline may represent a promising therapy that attenuates these effects by combining the positive influences in both the tubular and interstitial compartments of the testicular parenchyma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Pierre Castro Soares
- Department of Veterinary MedicineFederal Rural University of PernambucoRecifePernambucoBrazil
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Sadeghiani G, Khanehzad M, Sadighi Gilani MA, Amidi F, Malekzadeh M, Rastegar T. Evaluation of Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway in the Presence of Pentoxifylline as a Cryoprotectant in Mouse Spermatogonial Stem Cells. Biopreserv Biobank 2022. [PMID: 36006661 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2021.0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of spermatogonial stem cell cryopreservation (SSCs) in young male cancer survivors is associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA fragmentation, apoptosis, decreased cell activity, and finally reduced fertility of SSCs. Therefore, it is necessary to add cryoprotectants to the freezing medium to minimize the injuries associated with cryopreservation. In addition, the Nrf2/ARE pathway is a main cellular pathway that regulates the antioxidant defense system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cryoprotective effect of pentoxifylline (PTX) on SSCs after freezing-thawing through the Nrf2/ARE pathway. SSCs extracted from neonatal mice testes were isolated and their purity was measured by flow cytometry with GDNF family receptor alpha-1 (GFRα1) and inhibitor of differentiation 4 (ID4). After culturing, the cells were frozen in different groups for 1 month. After freezing-thawing, cell viability, colonization rate, and intracellular ROS, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were evaluated. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were done to assess the expression levels of Nrf2, Keap-1, PI3K, and AKT genes and proteins. The survival and colonization rates of SSCs, SOD, and CAT levels, and Nrf2, PI3K, and AKT expression levels were significantly higher in the PTX group compared with the other cryopreservation groups. The Keap-1 expression level and the ROS and MDA production levels also decreased significantly in the PTX group (p-value <0.05). According to our findings, PTX can activate the antioxidant defense through the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway; therefore, it could be a suitable cryoprotectant candidate for freezing and long-term storage of SSCs in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Sadeghiani
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Khanehzad
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Sadighi Gilani
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Amidi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnoush Malekzadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Rastegar
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Motamed-Sanaye A, Elmimehr R, Brazvan B, Abtahi-Eivary SH, Moghimian M, Fani M. Response to Letter to the Editor re 'Effects of hypothermia and pentoxifylline on the adnexal torsion/detorsion injuries in a rat testis model'. Andrologia 2021; 54:e14334. [PMID: 34855262 DOI: 10.1111/and.14334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Motamed-Sanaye
- Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Reza Elmimehr
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Balal Brazvan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Moghimian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Fani
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
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Elmimehr R, Motamed-Sanaye A, Brazvan B, Abtahi-Eivary SH, Moghimian M, Fani M. Effects of hypothermia and pentoxifylline on the adnexal torsion/detorsion injuries in a rat testis model. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14143. [PMID: 34115392 DOI: 10.1111/and.14143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effects of separate and combined administration of hypothermia and pentoxifylline to preserve the effects on the testicles in an experimental model of testicular torsion/ detorsion injuries in rats. Forty male adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups, control, torsion/detorsion (TD), torsion/detorsion/hypothermia (TD+ICE), torsion/detorsion received of pentoxifylline (40mg/kg, ip) (TD+PTX) and torsion/detorsion/hypothermia/PTX (TD+ICE+PTX). Left testicular torsion (TT) was performed for 4 and half hours, and ice fragments have been used at the beginning of torsion. After the reperfusion period (a week), oxidative maker's serum levels, testosterone hormone, sperm parameters, and histopathological and gene expression evaluations have been performed. Significant adverse changes were observed in the TD group for histological variables, sperm count, oxidative marker, testosterone hormone, Bax, BCL2 and caspase-3 expression. The parameters studied in the group receiving PTX improved in comparison with the TD group, while macroscopical parameters of both the hypothermia and PTX+ICE groups were not different compared with the TD group. The results revealed that PTX, as an antioxidant component, was protective against testicular torsion, while hypothermia and hypothermia plus PTX did not exhibit this property, which may have been due to the duration of hypothermia (4 hr) or reperfusion period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Elmimehr
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Ali Motamed-Sanaye
- Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Balal Brazvan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Moghimian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Fani
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
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Dhulqarnain AO, Takzaree N, Hassanzadeh G, Tooli H, Malekzadeh M, Khanmohammadi N, Yaghobinejad M, Solhjoo S, Rastegar T. Pentoxifylline improves the survival of spermatogenic cells via oxidative stress suppression and upregulation of PI3K/AKT pathway in mouse model of testicular torsion-detorsion. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06868. [PMID: 33997400 PMCID: PMC8095127 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion-detorsion results in enhanced formation of free radicals which contribute to the pathophysiology of testicular tissue damage. Recent reports have identified protective role of pentoxifylline (PTX) against free radicals. Thus, we determined the protective effect of pentoxifylline against testicular damage in mouse model of testicular torsion-detorsion. Twenty (6 weeks old) male mice were divided into 4 groups of 5 animals each namely: Control (sham operated group), T1 (Torsion-detosion + single dose 100 mg/kg PTX, T2 (torsion-detorsion + 20 mg/kg PTX for 2 weeks and T/D (torsion-detorsion only). Animals in T1, T2 and T/D groups underwent 2 h of testicular torsion with the left testes rotated 720° (clockwisely) followed by 30 min of detorsion. After detorsion, drug administration was done intraperitoneally. The left testes of all the animals were excised on the 35th day after torsion-detortion for histopathological and biochemical assay. Histomorphological analysis of the seminiferous tubules showed that there were significant increase (P < 0.01 or 0.05) in the mean seminiferous tubule diameter, Johnson score and germ cells of animals in Control and T1 compared to T2 and T/D with no significant difference (P > 0.05) in testes weight, sertoli, leydig and myoid cells in all groups. IHC results showed significant increase (P < 0.01 or 0.05) in id4 and scp3 protein markers in Control, T1 and T2 compared to T/D. Oxidative stress analysis revealed that Pentoxifylline significantly increased (P < 0.01 or 0.05) the level of SOD, catalase, mRNA expression of akt and pi3k genes but significantly suppress (P < 0.01 or 0.05) MDA and Caspase-3 level in Control, T1 and T2 compared to T/D. Pentoxifylline could be used as an adjunct therapy to surgery in the treatment of torsion-detorsion related testicular injury, However, Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of pentoxifylline on testicular torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanji Omotosho Dhulqarnain
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Takzaree
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golamreza Hassanzadeh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Heidar Tooli
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Sharoud, Iran.,Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mehrnoush Malekzadeh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Khanmohammadi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Yaghobinejad
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Solhjoo
- Department of Anatomy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Rastegar
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abdulwahab DK, Ibrahim WW, Abd El-Aal RA, Abdel-Latif HA, Abdelkader NF. Grape seed extract improved the fertility-enhancing effect of atorvastatin in high-fat diet-induced testicular injury in rats: involvement of antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 73:366-376. [DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Reduced male fertility is highly prevalent with hypercholesterolaemia. Though statins are drugs of choice for hypercholesterolaemia, their effect on male fertility is still controversial and dose-dependent. Grape seed extract (GSE) possess hypocholesterolemic and testicular protective effects. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of low-dose atorvastatin (ATV) on male infertility in hypercholesterolaemic rats and assess the additional value of combining ATV with GSE.
Methods
Male rats were randomized into four groups. The normal group was fed a standard diet. The remaining groups were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 1 month to induce hypercholesterolaemia. Two HFD groups were administered either ATV (1 mg/kg) alone or combined with GSE (200 mg/kg) orally for 65 days, while the third group served as HFD control.
Key findings
Treatment with ATV or ATV/GSE attenuated dyslipidemia-induced alteration in serum HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and total cholesterol. ATV enhanced serum testosterone, sperm count and motility and fertility index. The effect on testosterone and sperm count was more pronounced by ATV/GSE. Moreover, ATV reduced testicular malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, caspase-9 and caspase-3 while elevated reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase along with catalase activity. Noteworthy, GSE/ATV induced more powerful antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects.
Conclusion
GSE enhanced ATV’s protective effect against hypercholesterolaemia-induced infertility via antioxidant and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia K Abdulwahab
- Department of Toxicology and Developmental Pharmacology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
| | - Weam W Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania A Abd El-Aal
- Department of Toxicology and Developmental Pharmacology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hekma A Abdel-Latif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha F Abdelkader
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Chen LJ, Ning JZ, Cheng F, Rao T, Yu WM, Ruan Y, Wu JF, Li RG, Geng RX. Comparison of Intraperitoneal and Intratesticular GYY4137 Therapy for the Treatment of Testicular Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Curr Med Sci 2020; 40:332-338. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-020-2180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Fakouri A, Asghari A, Akbari G, Mortazavi P. Effects of folic acid administration on testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2017; 32:755-766. [PMID: 29019593 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020170090000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the effect of folic acid (FA) on experimental testicular ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats. METHODS Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. The control group received physiologic saline orally. The sham-operated group received physiologic saline orally then exposed to midline laparotomy without clamping the IR. The I/R rats received oral gavage of the saline then subjected to 1h ischemia /24h reperfusion, period. In folic acid (2mg/kg+IR) rats received oral gavage of the FA (2mg/kg) then subjected to 1h I/24h R. groups 5-6 received FA (5 and 10 mg/kg), then subjected to 1 h I/24 h, respectively. At the end of the study, semen samples were collected for spermatozoa characteristics. The left testis was removed for histological analysis and superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) measurement. RESULTS Spermatozoa mobility, mortality (%) significantly decreased in I/R group (P<0.05). Dose dependent increase observed on spermatozoa mobility, mortality (%) using different levels of the FA (2, 5 and 10 mg/kg) treated rat (P<0.05). Tissue MDA levels significantly increased in I/R rat (P<0.05) while FA (2, 5 and 10mg/kg) in a dose dependent manner decreased I/R-induced MDA (P<0.05). Experimental I/R significantly decreased SOD and GPx activity (P<0.05). Administration of the FA (2, 5 and 10mg/kg) significantly increased tissue SOD and GPx activity in I/R rat (P<0.05). Seminiferous tubules degenerated and loss of spermatogenesis with few spermatocytes was observed in degenerated testis tubules in I/R rat. Orally administration of the FA (5 and 10 mg/kg) improved testis characteristics with few normal seminiferous tubules and spermatocyte in seminiferous tubules in experimental I/R-induced rat. CONCLUSION The treatment of folic acid had a benefit effect against ischemia-reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aris Fakouri
- Graduate student, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Technical procedures, acquisition and interpretation of data
| | - Ahmad Asghari
- Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Design and supervised all phases of the study, manuscript writing
| | - Ghasem Akbari
- Assistant Professor, Department of Theriogenology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Design of the study, analysis and interpretation of data
| | - Pejman Mortazavi
- Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Histological examinations
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Effects of melatonin and metformin co-administration on testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. J Pediatr Urol 2016; 12:410.e1-410.e7. [PMID: 27595505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Torsion of the spermatic cord is a common urologic emergency among infants and adolescents. It requires early diagnosis and surgical intervention to prevent subfertility and infertility. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of melatonin (MEL) and metformin (MET) co-administration on experimental testicular ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five experimental groups (n = 10), as follows. Group 1 was sham operated. In group 2, 1-hour ischemia was induced by the left testicular artery and vein clipping followed by 7 days of reperfusion. In groups 3 and 4, MEL (3 mg/kg) or MET (100 mg/kg) was administered orally for 7 days via oral gavage after ischemia, and in group 5 both agents were co-administered. At the end of trial, the left testis was removed for histological analysis and oxidative stress measurement. Histological findings in seminiferous tubule were evaluated according to Johnsen's scoring system. RESULTS I/R reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and testicular Johnsen's scores accompanied by an elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels (p < 0.05). MEL and MET, and their combination restored SOD activity, tissue scores, MDA and MPO levels (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference among individual or combined treatment of these parameters (p > 0.05). DISCUSSION In the present experiment, using a rat model it has been demonstrated that testicular I/R caused a significant increase in testicular injuries. This was in accordance with previous studies that have demonstrated the effect of I/R in testicular tissue. Treatment of MEL and MET had a benefit effect, but, there was no significant difference among individual or combined treatment. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study suggest that MEL and MET may be useful for protecting the testes from the I/R injury. However, the combined use of these agents does not further increase the protection from this damage.
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Protective effect of Caralluma fimbriata against high-fat diet induced testicular oxidative stress in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:167-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Asghari A, Akbari G, Meghdadi A, Mortazavi P. Protective effect of metformin on testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2016; 31:411-6. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020160060000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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A histological and immunohistochemical study of different therapeutic modalities for experimentally induced ulcerative colitis in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ehx.0000481746.43677.e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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