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Alfahlawy A, Selim MAA, Hassan HY. Biocompatibility of three different root canal sealers, experimental study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:715. [PMID: 37794396 PMCID: PMC10552196 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was assessed the biocompatibility of three different root canal sealers (Well-Root St, GuttaFlow Bioseal, and AH-Plus) following implantation in rat subcutaneous tissues, using histopathological immunohistochemical analysis. METHODS Four groups of eighty-four male rats each underwent subcutaneous dorsal implantation of a polyethylene tube, either empty or filled. Tissues were collected, fixed, and processed for histological analysis after 7, 15, and 30 d. Slides were photographed and digitally processed to identify lymphocytes and macrophages using Cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) and cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) markers, respectively. P was set at 0.05, when lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration was compared between groups and observation times using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS Histopathological analysis of all groups revealed an inflammatory reaction followed by the emergence of a fibrous capsule after 7 days. After 30 days, the thickness of the fibrous capsule and the inflammatory response subsided. CD3 staining for immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the AH-Plus group had the highest mean percentage of lymphocyte infiltration at 7 and 15 days, followed by the Well-Root St, GuttaFlow Bioseal, and Control groups. After 30 days, no discernible difference was observed between the groups in terms of the mean percentage of lymphocyte infiltration. After 7, 15, and 30 days, there was a significant difference in the mean percentage of macrophage infiltration across the groups, as demonstrated by CD68 staining. After 7, 15, and 30 days, the AH-Plus group had the highest mean percentage of macrophage infiltration, followed by the Well-Root St. and GuttaFlow Bioseal groups, while the control group had the lowest mean percentage. CONCLUSION All observational periods showed minimal inflammatory reactions to GuttaFlow Bioseal. After subcutaneous tissue implantation in a rat model, the initial inflammatory reactions to Well-Root St and AH-Plus had abated by day 30, and all tested sealers had outstanding biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Alfahlawy
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Manar A A Selim
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hayam Y Hassan
- Professor & Chairman of Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
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Abdel Raheem IA, Abdul Razek A, Elgendy AA, Labah DA, Saleh NM. Egyptian Propolis-Loaded Nanoparticles as a Root Canal Nanosealer: Sealing Ability and in vivo Biocompatibility. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:5265-5277. [PMID: 32884255 PMCID: PMC7434463 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s258888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Successful endodontic therapy is mainly governed by the satisfactory sealing ability of the applied root canal sealer. Also, tolerability of root canal structure to accommodate the presence of a sealer participates in the efficiency of the treatment. Hence, this study was aimed to extrapolate our previous one that was concerned with the preparation and evaluation of novel nature-based root canal sealers. Our current work is focused on the evaluation of sealing ability and in vivo biocompatibility. Materials and Methods Egyptian propolis was extracted (ProE) and encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticles (ProE-loaded NPs). Two root sealers, PE sealer and PE nanosealer, were fabricated by incorporating ProE and ProE-loaded NPs, respectively. The sealing ability of the developed sealers was tested by a dye extraction method. An in vivo biocompatibility study was conducted using a subcutaneous implantation method for two and four weeks. At the same time, a model sealer (AH Plus®) was subjected to the same procedures to enable accurate and equitable results. Results The teeth treated with PE sealer exhibited weak sealing ability which did not differ from that of unfilled teeth. PE nanosealer enhanced the sealing ability similarly to the model sealer with minimal apical microleakage. Studying in vivo biocompatibility indicated the capability of the three tested sealers to induce cell proliferation and tissue healing. However, PE nanosealer had superior biocompatibility, with higher potential for cell regeneration and tissue proliferation. Conclusion PE nanosealer can be presented as an innovative root canal sealer, with enhanced sealing ability as well as in vivo biocompatibility. It can be applied as a substitute for the currently available sealers that demonstrate hazardous effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amro Abdul Razek
- Endodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Doaa Ahmed Labah
- Oral Biology and Dental Medicine Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Noha Mohamed Saleh
- Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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pH influences the biocompatibility of methylene blue solutions. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:361-367. [PMID: 28536783 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the biocompatibility of methylene blue at different pH levels through the method of implantation in subcutaneous tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-four sterilized polyethylene tubes were allocated in the subcutaneous tissue of 28 rats, each one receiving four tubes, set into four groups: group tube (G-T)-empty tube, fibrin group (G-F)-tube filled with fibrin sponge, group methylene blue pH 7 (G-MB/pH 7)-tube filled with fibrin sponge soaked by methylene blue (100 μg/ml) at pH 7.0, and group methylene blue pH 1 (G-MB/pH 1)-tube filled with fibrin sponge and soaked by methylene blue (100 μg/ml) at pH 1.0. After 7, 15, and 30 days, seven animals from each group were euthanized, and the tubes involved by the surrounding tissue were removed and fixed with 4% buffered formaldehyde solution. The collected pieces were processed and histological sections (4 μm) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and analyzed by light microscopy. Scores were assigned to analysis of histopathologic parameters. The results were statistically analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test (p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS At 7 and 30 days, the G-MB/pH 1 group showed no significant difference in the G-T control group, while G-MB/pH 7 had a significant increase on tissue reaction, also when compared to G-T. At 15 days, there was no statistical difference between the groups. CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, it is concluded that methylene blue at pH 1.0 provides better biocompatibility than at pH 7.0.
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Silva LAB, Azevedo LU, Consolaro A, Barnett F, Xu Y, Battaglino RA, Cañadas PS, de Oliveira KMH, Silva RAB. Novel endodontic sealers induce cell cytotoxicity and apoptosis in a dose-dependent behavior and favorable response in mice subcutaneous tissue. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 21:2851-2861. [PMID: 28281012 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of the present study is to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo biocompatibility of two novel endodontic sealers: RealSeal XT1 and Sealapex Xpress on the subcutaneous connective tissue of mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxicity was assessed by cell viability using the MTT assay (one-way ANOVA), trypan blue test (Mann-Whitney) and cell apoptosis by flow cytometer. For the subcutaneous study, polyethylene tubes filled with the sealers were implanted in 70 BALB/c mice: 6 experimental groups (n = 10/group) and 2 control groups with empty tubes (n = 5/group). At the end of experimental periods (7, 21, and 63 days), the tissue was removed and histotechnically processed. Angioblastic proliferation and edema (Fisher's exact test) were evaluated, besides thickness measurement (μm) of the reactionary granulomatous tissue and neutrophil counts (Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's post test; Mann-Whitney) (α = 0.05). RESULTS MTT assay, trypan blue, and analysis of apoptotic cells showed a dose-dependent direct effect: the more diluted the sealer, the less cytotoxic. Regarding the angioblastic proliferation and edema, difference between the sealers at 7 and 63 days occurred (p < 0.05). Both endodontic sealers initially promoted perimaterial tissue reaction as a foreign body granuloma and thus stimulated favorable tissue responses. CONCLUSIONS Both sealers showed a dose-dependent effect and promoted satisfactory subcutaneous tissue response; the sealer Sealapex Xpress was less cytotoxic and more biocompatible than RealSeal XT. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The step of root canal filling during endodontic treatment is highly important for the preservation of the periapical tissue integrity. Subcutaneous reaction to endodontic sealers enables scientific basis for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A B Silva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - L U Azevedo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - A Consolaro
- Department of Oral Pathology, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - F Barnett
- Department of Dental Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Skeletal Biology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - R A Battaglino
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
| | - P S Cañadas
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Katharina Morant Holanda de Oliveira
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil.
| | - R A B Silva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
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Simsek N, Alan H, Ahmetoglu F, Taslidere E, Bulut ET, Keles A. Assessment of the biocompatibility of mineral trioxide aggregate, bioaggregate, and biodentine in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. Niger J Clin Pract 2016; 18:739-43. [PMID: 26289510 DOI: 10.4103/1119-3077.154219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the tissue inflammation caused by three endodontic repair materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS The materials included micro mega-mineral trioxide aggregate (MM-MTA), bioaggregate (BA), and biodentine (BD), which were implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of rats. The tissue samples for histological examination were prepared. The infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages into the tissue was examined to assess the inflammatory response. RESULTS Lymphocyte infiltration: A significant increase was detected in the MM-MTA and BA groups on the 7th and 14th days as compared with the control (7th day P=0.0001, 14th day P=0.0176). There was no difference between the groups on the 45th day (P=0.1730). Lymphocyte infiltration had decreased over time in all groups. Macrophage infiltration: There was a significant increase by the 7th day in the test groups as compared to the control group (P=0.007). However, there was no difference between the experimental groups on the 14th (P=0.2708) and 45th (P=0.1291) days. CONCLUSION While MM-MTA and BA showed a similar biocompatibility, BD was more biocompatible than MM-MTA and BA in the 1 st week of the experiment. However, there was no difference between the materials at the end of the 45th day. MM-MTA, BA, and BD can be considered suitable endodontic repair materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Simsek
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Lacerda-Santos R, De Farias MISS, De Carvalho FG, Pithon MM, Alves PM, Tanaka OM, Guênes GMT. In vivobiocompatibility versus degree of conversion of resin-reinforced cements in different time periods. Microsc Res Tech 2014; 77:335-40. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rogério Lacerda-Santos
- Department of Orthodontics and Clinic; Federal University of Campina Grande; Paraíba, Brazil, Av. dos Universitários, s/n, Rodovia Patos/Teixeira, Km1 Santa Cecília CEP 58700-970
| | - Maria Isabel Serpa Simões De Farias
- Department of Orthodontics and Clinic; Federal University of Campina Grande; Paraíba, Brazil, Av. dos Universitários, s/n, Rodovia Patos/Teixeira, Km1 Santa Cecília CEP 58700-970
| | - Fabiola Galbiatti De Carvalho
- Department of Orthodontics and Clinic; Federal University of Campina Grande; Paraíba, Brazil, Av. dos Universitários, s/n, Rodovia Patos/Teixeira, Km1 Santa Cecília CEP 58700-970
| | - Matheus Melo Pithon
- Department of Orthodontics; State University of Sudoeste da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil; Rua José Moreira Sobrinho, s/n - Jequiezinho Jequié - BA CEP 45200-000
| | - Pollianna Muniz Alves
- Department of Patology; State University of Paraíba, Paraíba, Brazil, Rua Baraúnas; 351, Bodocongó Campina Grande - PB CEP 58429-500
| | - Orlando Motohiro Tanaka
- Department of Orthodontics; Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Paraná, Brazil, Rua Imaculada Conceição; 1155, Prado Velho Curitiba - PR CEP 81611-970
| | - Gymenna Maria Tenório Guênes
- Department of Orthodontics and Clinic; Federal University of Campina Grande; Paraíba, Brazil, Av. dos Universitários, s/n, Rodovia Patos/Teixeira, Km1 Santa Cecília CEP 58700-970
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Santos RLD, Moura MDFLD, Carvalho FGD, Guênes GMT, Alves PM, Pithon MM. Histological analysis of biocompatibility of ionomer cements with an acid-base reaction. Braz Oral Res 2014; 28. [DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242014.50000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Christian Gomes Moura C, Cristina Cunha T, Oliveira Crema V, Dechichi P, Carlos Gabrielli Biffi J. A study on biocompatibility of three endodontic sealers: intensity and duration of tissue irritation. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2014; 9:137-43. [PMID: 24688584 PMCID: PMC3961592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies have evaluated the inflammatory reaction triggered by Epiphany (EPH), a contemporary endodontic sealer. However, they used conventional parameters, which need additional analysis to better understand the reactions induced by this sealer compared to other traditional sealers. METHODS AND MATERIALS The intensity and time span of tissue irritations for three endodontic sealers were assessed by inflammatory reactions, fibrous capsule measurement and mast cell counts. Tubes containing freshly mixed EPH, AH plus (AHP) and Endofill (ENF) were subcutaneously implanted into the backs of 28 Wistar rats. The side wall of the tube was used as the control. At 14, 21, 42 and 60 days, the connective tissue surrounding the implants (n=7) was stained for histopathological analysis. The Friedman test was applied to compare the results. The level of significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS At days 14 and 21, a significant difference among the groups was observed, with the ENF showing the worst tissue response (P<0.001). ENF remained the most aggressive sealer at 42 and 60 days, compared with EPH (P<0.05). No differences were found for the fibrous capsule thicknesses among the groups in each period. The number of mast cells per field did not show difference among the sealers at 21 and 60 days. CONCLUSIONS EPH and AHP elicited similar patterns of irritation, as demonstrated by the inflammatory scores and fibrous capsule thicknesses. ENF caused the highest degree of tissue damage. The increase in mast cell counts observed during the early and late periods shows the possibility of late hypersensitivity to the test materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Christian Gomes Moura
- Department of Structural Biology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil and Department of Cell Biology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
| | - Thais Cristina Cunha
- Integrated Dental Clinic Program, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
| | - Virgínia Oliveira Crema
- Department of Structural Biology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
| | - Paula Dechichi
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
| | - João Carlos Gabrielli Biffi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil,Corresponding author: João Carlos Gabrielli Biffi, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Av. Pará, 1720, Campus Umuarama, Bloco 2B, Segundo Andar-CEP: 38400-902-Uberlândia/MG-Brazil.
Tel: +55-34 32182209
E-mail:
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Cotti E, Petreucic V, Re D, Simbula G. Cytotoxicity Evaluation of a New Resin-based Hybrid Root Canal Sealer: An In Vitro Study. J Endod 2014; 40:124-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Yamanaka Y, Shigetani Y, Yoshiba K, Kaneko T, Yoshiba N, Okiji T. Evaluation of the responses of MHC class II molecule-expressing cells and macrophages to epoxy resin-based and 4-META-containing, methacrylate resin-based root canal sealers in rat subcutaneous tissue. Dent Mater J 2013; 32:822-7. [PMID: 24088840 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2013-005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecule-expressing cells and macrophages play a pivotal role in mediating the host tissue response to biomaterials. This study investigated the responses of these cells to epoxy resin-based and 4-META-containing, methacrylate resin-based endodontic sealers (AH Plus and MetaSEAL respectively) in rat connective tissue. Silicone tubes loaded with one of the sealers or solid silicone rods (control) were subcutaneously implanted in male Wistar rats for three time periods of 7, 14, or 28 days. Tissue specimens were immunoperoxidase-stained for MHC class II molecules and CD68 (a general macrophage marker). Results showed that AH Plus-implanted tissue displayed significantly more MHC class II-positive cells than the control at 14 and 28 days, whereas MetaSEAL-implanted tissue showed significantly more CD68-positive cells than both AH Plus-implanted tissue and the control at all time periods. It was concluded that the epoxy resin-based sealer induced the infiltration of MHC class II molecule-expressing cells, whereas 4-META-containing, methacrylate resin-based sealer elicited macrophage infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Yamanaka
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
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Lotfi M, Ghasemi N, Rahimi S, Vosoughhosseini S, Saghiri MA, Shahidi A. Resilon: a comprehensive literature review. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2013; 7:119-30. [PMID: 24082982 PMCID: PMC3779370 DOI: 10.5681/joddd.2013.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims. An ideal root canal filling material should completely seal the entire root canal space and block communication between the root canal system and its surrounding tissues; it should also be nontoxic, noncarcinogenic, non-genotoxic, biocompatible, insoluble in tissue fluids and dimensionally stable. Bonding to dentin is a promising property, which can prevent leakage and improve the sealing ability of root canal filling materials. Resilon was developed and rec-ommended initially because the existing rootcanal filling materials did not bond to root canal dentin. Since its introduction in 2004, numerous reports have been published regarding various aspects of this material. The aim of this literature review is to present investigations regarding Resilon's physical and chemical properties and leakage studies. Materials and methods. A review of the literature was performed by using electronic and hand searching methods for Resilon from May 2004 to April 2012. Results. There are many published reports regarding Resilon. The searchshowed that Resilon is composed of a parent polymer, polycaprolactone or Tone, which is a biodegradable aliphatic polyester, with filler particles consisting of bioactive glass, bismuth oxychloride and barium sulfate. It possesses some antibacterial and antifungal properties. It is a promising material for root canal filling. Despite the presence of numerous case reports and case series regarding these applications, there are few designed research studies on clinical applications of this material. Resilon has some drawbacks such as high cost. Conclusion. Resilon seals well and is a biocompatible material. However, more clinical studies are needed to confirm its efficacy compared with other materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Lotfi
- Professor, Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Negin Ghasemi
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Rahimi
- Professor, Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Dental and Periodontal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Vosoughhosseini
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Saghiri
- Research Associated, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public health, Madison, WI, USA
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Lotfi M, Ghasemi N, Rahimi S, Vosoughhosseini S, Saghiri MA, Shahidi A. Resilon: a comprehensive literature review. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2013. [PMID: 24082982 PMCID: PMC3779370 DOI: 10.5681/joddd.2013.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims. An ideal root canal filling material should completely seal the entire root canal space and block communication between the root canal system and its surrounding tissues; it should also be nontoxic, noncarcinogenic, non-genotoxic, biocompatible, insoluble in tissue fluids and dimensionally stable. Bonding to dentin is a promising property, which can prevent leakage and improve the sealing ability of root canal filling materials. Resilon was developed and rec-ommended initially because the existing rootcanal filling materials did not bond to root canal dentin. Since its introduction in 2004, numerous reports have been published regarding various aspects of this material. The aim of this literature review is to present investigations regarding Resilon’s physical and chemical properties and leakage studies.
Materials and methods. A review of the literature was performed by using electronic and hand searching methods for Resilon from May 2004 to April 2012.
Results. There are many published reports regarding Resilon. The searchshowed that Resilon is composed of a parent polymer, polycaprolactone or Tone, which is a biodegradable aliphatic polyester, with filler particles consisting of bioactive glass, bismuth oxychloride and barium sulfate. It possesses some antibacterial and antifungal properties. It is a promising material for root canal filling. Despite the presence of numerous case reports and case series regarding these applications, there are few designed research studies on clinical applications of this material. Resilon has some drawbacks such as high cost.
Conclusion. Resilon seals well and is a biocompatible material. However, more clinical studies are needed to confirm its efficacy compared with other materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Lotfi
- Professor, Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Negin Ghasemi
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Corresponding Author;
| | - Saeed Rahimi
- Professor, Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Dental and Periodontal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Vosoughhosseini
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Saghiri
- Research Associated, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public health, Madison, WI, USA
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Cardoso M, Marques RF, Lopes MF, Cabrita AS, Santos JM. In vivo biocompatibility of Resilon compared with gutta-percha in a pre-clinical model. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2013; 10:652-8. [PMID: 24348625 PMCID: PMC3858742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo biocompatibility of Resilon, compared with gutta-percha, at short and long-term following implantation in a rat subcutaneous implantation model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were implanted subcutaneously with either Resilon or gutta-percha or were sham controls. Tissues were harvested at 8 days or 60 days after implantation and were evaluated histologically for inflammation and fibrous encapsulation. The severity of histologic injury, scored on a scale of 0-4 and quantitative analysis of the capsule wall thickness were determined for statistical analysis. Data were analyzed by Student t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis or Mann-Whitney's tests as appropriate. A value of P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS No behavioral changes or visible signs of physical impairment were observed at 8 days or 60 days post-implantation. Histopathologic observation of the implanted sites at each time-point showed that both Resilon and gutta-percha implants induced foreign body reaction, showing minimal to mild inflammatory reactions in most cases, which diminished significantly with time. Compared with gutta-percha, the capsule wall was thinner (P < 0.05) after Resilon implantation at day 8 and significantly (P = 0.01) thicker at day 60. In addition, capsule wall thickness showed a trend to increase with time after implantation in the Resilon groups (P < 0.05), opposed to the significant decrease (P = 0.016) observed after implantation in the gutta-percha groups, suggesting lesser long-term biocompatibility of Resilon. CONCLUSION Our findings validate Resilon as an in vivo biocompatible material. However, our data suggest that long-term biocompatibility of Resilon, despite validated, is inferior to that of gutta-percha control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Cardoso
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504, Portugal,Address for correspondence: Dr. Miguel Cardoso, Centro Médico de Tondela, Rua Comandante João de Matos Ferreira, no 88, 3460-549 Tondela, Portugal. E-mail:
| | - Rodrigo F Marques
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504, Portugal
| | - Maria Francelina Lopes
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504, Portugal
| | - António S Cabrita
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504, Portugal
| | - João Miguel Santos
- Department of Dental Medicine, Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra, Av. Bissaya Barreto, 3030-005, Coimbra, Portugal
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