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de Carvalho MS, de Almeida-Junior LA, Ribeiro YJS, Arnez MFM, da Silva RAB, de Carvalho FK, Paula-Silva FWG. Detection of Apical Dental Resorption Caused by Endodontic Infection in Mice Using Fluorescence and Bright-Field Microscopy. SCANNING 2023; 2023:4619503. [PMID: 37101708 PMCID: PMC10125736 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4619503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the fluorescence microscopy method in the detection of apical dental reabsorption after induction of apical periodontitis in animal models. Forty-first molars of mice, aged 6 to 8 weeks, had their root canals exposed to the oral environment or were maintained healthy as controls (n = 20). After 14 and 42 days, mice were euthanized and tissues were collected for histological evaluation by means of bright field and fluorescence microscopy. The accuracy of fluorescence microscopy in identifying apical external dental resorption was investigated using a diagnostic validation test based on the sensitivity (S) and specificity (E) properties. Bright-field microscopy revealed a higher number of specimens with scores of 1 to 3 - absence of apical dental resorption (n = 29; 52%), while fluorescence microscopy revealed a higher number of specimens with scores of 4 to 6 - presence of apical dental resorption (n = 37; 66%). Out of 56 specimens, 26 were TP, 11 were FP, and 19 were TN. No FN result was observed. Fluorescence microscopy presented a sensitivity value of 1, similar to the bright-field method, while specificity was lower (0.633). The accuracy of the fluorescent method to detect apical dental resorption was 0.804. Fluorescence microscopy revealed a higher number of false positive apical dental resorption than bright-field microscopy. The detection of apical dental resorption was not impacted by the sensitivity of the method but by its specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcio Santos de Carvalho
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Yuri Jivago Silva Ribeiro
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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do Nascimento IV, Rodrigues MIQ, Isaias PHC, Barros‐Silva PG, Sousa FB, Nunes Alves APN, Mota MRL. Chronic systemic corticosteroid therapy influences the development of pulp necrosis and experimental apical periodontitis, exacerbating the inflammatory process and bone resorption in rats. Int Endod J 2022; 55:646-659. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelly Vidal do Nascimento
- Division of Oral Pathology Department of Dental Clinic Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing Federal University of Ceará (UFC) Fortaleza, Ceará Brazil
| | - Maria Imaculada Queiroz Rodrigues
- Division of Oral Pathology Department of Dental Clinic Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing Federal University of Ceará (UFC) Fortaleza, Ceará Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Chaves Isaias
- Division of Oral Pathology Department of Dental Clinic Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing Federal University of Ceará (UFC) Fortaleza, Ceará Brazil
| | - Paulo Goberlânio Barros‐Silva
- Division of Oral Pathology Department of Dental Clinic Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing Federal University of Ceará (UFC) Fortaleza, Ceará Brazil
| | - Fabricio Bitu Sousa
- Division of Oral Pathology Department of Dental Clinic Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing Federal University of Ceará (UFC) Fortaleza, Ceará Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes Alves
- Division of Oral Pathology Department of Dental Clinic Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing Federal University of Ceará (UFC) Fortaleza, Ceará Brazil
| | - Mário Rogério Lima Mota
- Division of Oral Pathology Department of Dental Clinic Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing Federal University of Ceará (UFC) Fortaleza, Ceará Brazil
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Accuracy of radiographic pixel linear analysis in detecting bone loss in periodontal disease: Study in diabetic rats. Saudi Dent J 2021; 33:987-996. [PMID: 34938041 PMCID: PMC8665186 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Periodontitis, a complex infectious disease that may lead to irreversible loss of periodontium, is considered a predisposing agent for developing insulin resistance due to the release of inflammatory mediators, showing a bilateral relationship with diabetes mellitus. The investigation of periodontal disease requires a clinical approach and complete intraoral radiographs, even with increasing concerns about radiation exposure. Thus, this study assesses pixel linear analysis accuracy using digital radiography via Digora® in detecting alveolar bone destruction in diabetic rats with periodontal disease. Methodology 40 rats were divided into groups (n = 10): control (C), rats with periodontal disease (PD), experimental diabetic rats (ED), experimental diabetic rats with periodontal disease (ED-PD). Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin and periodontal disease by periodontal ligature. After 30 days, maxillae bone destruction was obtained by linear analysis of vertical bone loss using digital radiography and then assessed by micro-CT and histology. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). Results Radiographic, micro-CT and histological analysis presented accurate and similar results. PD and ED-PD groups showed higher bone destruction than C and ED groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, the ED-PD group had higher bone loss than the PD group (p < 0.05). Conclusion The pixel linear analysis via digital radiography was an accurate, low-cost alternative in detecting alveolar bone loss in this rat model. Micro-CT and histological analysis may also be used to obtain linear measures to assess and compare periodontal bone destruction in diabetic rats.
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Minhoto GB, Khoury RD, Orozco EIF, Prado RF, Valera MC. Effect of chronic unpredictable stress on the progression of experimental apical periodontitis in rats. Int Endod J 2021; 54:1342-1352. [PMID: 33724486 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To establish an experimental model combining chronic stress and apical periodontitis by assessing the development of periapical lesions in rats in three different time points. METHODOLOGY Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into two equal groups: Apical periodontitis (AP) and AP + Stress (AP + S). The animals of the AP group were not exposed to stressful conditions whereas the AP + S group were exposed to a variety of stressors on a daily basis until the end of the experiment. After three weeks of chronic unpredictable stress, apical periodontitis was induced in both groups by exposing the pulpal tissue of the mandibular first molar to the oral environment. Each group was further subdivided into three subgroups according to the euthanasia period: 14, 21 and 28 days after pulp exposure. The animals were weighed, and the blood was collected for corticosterone serum dosage by radioimmunoassay. The mandibles were removed and submitted to histopathological and microtomography analyses to assess the inflammatory response and the progression of periapical lesions. Comparisons between the AP and AP + S groups were performed using Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test for parametric and nonparametric data, respectively. The one-way anova test followed by Tukey's test (parametric data) and Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn's test (nonparametric data) were used for comparisons between the three time points within the same group (P < 0.05). RESULTS The AP + S group had a significantly lower average percentage of weight gain at 14 days and 21 days after AP induction (P < 0.05). Significantly higher levels of corticosterone were found in the AP + S group at 21 days (P < 0.05). The AP + S group had a significantly greater intensity and extension of inflammatory infiltrate with larger areas of bone loss compared to the AP groups at 21 days (P < 0.05). The volume of the periapical lesions in the AP + S group was significantly larger than that of the AP group 21 days following pulp exposure (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The chronic unpredictable stress model applied for 6 weeks exacerbated the inflammatory response and increased bone loss associated with AP, especially 21 days after its induction. This model appears to be suitable for investigating the bidirectional relationship between apical periodontitis and chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Minhoto
- Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R D Khoury
- Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E I F Orozco
- Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R F Prado
- Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M C Valera
- Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Gomes ESB, Farias LC, Silveira LH, Jesus CÍD, Rocha RGD, Ramos GV, Magalhães HTAT, Brito-Júnior M, Santos SHS, Jham BC, de Paula AMB, Guimarães ALS. Conditioned fear stress increases bone resorption in apical periodontitislesions in Wistar male rats. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 97:35-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Role of Periapical Diseases in Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:1560175. [PMID: 29109954 PMCID: PMC5646299 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1560175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective The present study aimed to investigate the role of periapical diseases in inducing medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) using an ovariectomized (OVX) mice model. Materials and Methods Twenty C57BL/6N female mice were randomly assigned to two groups. All mice were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy and then treated with oncologic dose of zoledronic acid (ZA) or vehicle for twelve weeks. Eight weeks after commence of drug administration, a pulpal exposure (PE) operation was performed on the first right lower molar to induce periapical periodontitis; the contralateral non-PE tooth was used as control. All animals were sacrificed four weeks after pulpal exposure, and the mandibles were harvested for radiological and histomorphometrical analysis. Results Micro computed tomography (μ-CT) examination demonstrated that periapical diseases significantly increased alveolar bone resorption, and the resorption was greatly attenuated by ZA treatment. Concurrent ZA therapy significantly increased bone density and histological osteocyte necrosis in the presence of periapical lesions. Conclusion ZA treatment reduced bone absorption resulting from periapical disease but increased the risk of developing MRONJ in the ovariectomized mouse model.
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Kalatzis-Sousa NG, Spin-Neto R, Wenzel A, Tanomaru-Filho M, Faria G. Use of micro-computed tomography for the assessment of periapical lesions in small rodents: a systematic review. Int Endod J 2016; 50:352-366. [PMID: 26992821 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to evaluate the literature on the acquisition-, reconstruction- and analysis parameters of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) for the assessment of periapical lesions in rats and mice, and to illustrate the effect of variation in these parameters. The PubMed database was searched from 2000 to January 2015 (English-language publications) for reports on the use of micro-CT to evaluate periapical lesions in rats and mice. QUADAS criteria were used to rate the quality of the studies. To illustrate the effect of variations in acquisition-, reconstruction-, and analysis parameters on images of periapical lesions, micro-CT examination of two hemi-mandibles of mice, with periapical lesions around the first molar was undertaken. Twenty-one studies were identified, which analysed periapical lesions in rats or mice using micro-CT. According to the QUADAS, no study was classified as high-, seven were classified as moderate-, and 14 as low quality. The effect of variation in parameters was that voxel size may interfere with image sharpness, reconstruction may interfere with image sharpness and contrast, and inadequate plane orientation may alter the size of the periapical lesion. Nonpersonalized ROIs resulted in areas that were not part of the periapical lesion. Changing the limits of the threshold for bone-tissue visualization increased lesion size. There is no defined protocol for acquiring and analysing micro-CT images of periapical lesions in rats and mice. Furthermore, acquisition-, reconstruction- and analysis parameters are not adequately explained, which may compromise the scientific impact of the studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Kalatzis-Sousa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - R Spin-Neto
- Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A Wenzel
- Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - M Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - G Faria
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Gomes-Filho JE, Wayama MT, Dornelles RCM, Ervolino E, Yamanari GH, Lodi CS, Sivieri-Araújo G, Dezan-Júnior E, Cintra LTA. Raloxifene modulates regulators of osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis in an oestrogen deficiency periapical lesion model. Int Endod J 2014; 48:1059-68. [PMID: 25354165 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM To analyse the local regulatory mechanisms of osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis during the progression of periapical lesions in female rats with oestrogen deficiency and treatment with raloxifene (RLX). METHODOLOGY Female Wistar rats were distributed into groups: SHAM-veh, subjected to sham surgery and treated with a vehicle; OVX-veh, subjected to ovary removal and treated with a vehicle; and OVX-RLX, subjected to ovary removal and treated with RLX. Vehicle or RLX was administered orally for 90 days. During treatment, the dental pulp of mandibular first molars was exposed to the oral environment for induction of periapical lesions, which were analysed after 7 and 30 days. After the experimental periods, blood samples were collected for measurement of oestradiol, calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase. The rats were euthanized and the mandibles removed and processed for immunohistochemical detection of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP). Data were compared using Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn test (nonparametric values) and anova followed by the Tukey's test (parametric values). RESULTS The plasma concentration of oestradiol showed hypo-oestrogenism in the rats subjected to ovary removal. On day 7, alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium and phosphorus were higher in the OVX-RLX group than in the OVX-veh group (P < 0.001), but immunolabelling for RANKL and HIF-1α was lower in OVX-RLX group (P < 0.001). On day 30, the OVX-veh group had higher immunolabelling for RANKL than the OVX-RLX group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the immunoreactivity of OPG and BALP between any groups at either time-point (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION RLX therapy reversed the increased levels of the local regulators of both osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis induced by oestrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Gomes-Filho
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - M T Wayama
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - R C M Dornelles
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - E Ervolino
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - G H Yamanari
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - C S Lodi
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - G Sivieri-Araújo
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - E Dezan-Júnior
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - L T A Cintra
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
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Tissue response to root canal irrigation systems in dogs’ teeth with apical periodontitis. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 19:1147-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-014-1340-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wang L, Sun Z, Liu L, Peng B. Expression of CX3CL1 and its receptor, CX3CR1, in the development of periapical lesions. Int Endod J 2013; 47:271-9. [PMID: 23829599 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Wang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Z. Sun
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - L. Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - B. Peng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
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