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Nunes LT, Morais RA, Longo GO, Sabino J, Floeter SR. Habitat and community structure modulate fish interactions in a neotropical clearwater river. NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-2019-0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Species interactions can modulate the diversity and enhance the stability of biological communities in aquatic ecosystems. Despite previous efforts to describe fish interactions in tropical rivers, the role of habitat characteristics, community structure, and trophic traits over these interactions is still poorly understood. To investigate among-habitat variation in substratum feeding pressure and agonistic interactions between fishes, we used remote underwater videos in three habitats of a clearwater river in the Central Western, Brazil. We also performed visual surveys to estimate the abundance and biomass of fishes and proposed a trophic classification to understand how these variables can affect fish interactions. Community structure was the main factor affecting the variation in the interactions among the habitats. Biomass was the main variable determining which habitat a fish will feed on, while species abundance determined with how many other species it will interact in the agonistic interaction networks for each habitat. Specific habitats are not only occupied, but also used in distinct ways by the fish community. Overall, our results demonstrate the importance of the heterogeneity of habitats in tropical rivers for the interactions performed by the fishes and how the intensity of these interactions is affected by community structure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renato A. Morais
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil; James Cook University, Australia
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Krinski D, Camera BF. Occasional release of guppy, Poecilia reticulata (Cyprinodontiformes, Poeciliidae) in Upper Paraguay River Basin, Mato Grosso State: a new threat to rivers forming the Brazilian Pantanal? BRAZ J BIOL 2018; 78:595-596. [PMID: 29995116 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.173213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Krinski
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Rodovia MT 358, Km 7, Jardim Aeroporto, CP 287, CEP 78300-000, Tangará da Serra, MT, Brazil
| | - B F Camera
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Boa Esperança, CEP 78060-900, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
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Geffroy B, Sadoul B, Bouchareb A, Prigent S, Bourdineaud JP, Gonzalez-Rey M, Morais RN, Mela M, Nobre Carvalho L, Bessa E. Nature-Based Tourism Elicits a Phenotypic Shift in the Coping Abilities of Fish. Front Physiol 2018; 9:13. [PMID: 29459828 PMCID: PMC5807742 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Nature-based tourism is gaining extensive popularity, increasing the intensity and frequency of human-wildlife contacts. As a consequence, behavioral and physiological alterations were observed in most exposed animals. However, while the majority of these studies investigated the effects of punctual exposure to tourists, the consequences of constant exposition to humans in the wild remains overlooked. This is an important gap considering the exponential interest for recreational outdoor activities. To infer long-term effects of intensive tourism, we capitalized on Odontostilbe pequira, a short-lived sedentary Tetra fish who spends its life close to humans, on which it feeds on dead skin. Hence, those fish are constantly exposed to tourists throughout their lifecycle. Here we provide an integrated picture of the whole phenomenon by investigating, for the first time, the expression of genes involved in stress response and neurogenesis, as well as behavioral and hormonal responses of animals consistently exposed to tourists. Gene expression of the mineralocorticoid (and cortisol) receptor (mr) and the neurogenic differentiation factor (NeuroD) were significantly higher in fish sampled in the touristic zone compared to those sampled in the control zone. Additionally, after a simulated stress in artificial and controlled conditions, those fish previously exposed to visitors produced more cortisol and presented increased behavioral signs of stress compared to their non-exposed conspecifics. Overall, nature-based tourism appeared to shift selection pressures, favoring a sensitive phenotype that does not thrive under natural conditions. The ecological implications of this change in coping style remain, nevertheless, an open question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Geffroy
- Center of Study of the Meridional Amazon, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop, Brazil.,Institute of Biological, Human and Social Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso UFMT, Sinop, Brazil.,Ifremer, IRD, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR MARBEC, University of Montpellier, Palavas-Les-Flots, France
| | - Bastien Sadoul
- Ifremer, IRD, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR MARBEC, University of Montpellier, Palavas-Les-Flots, France.,Environmental Physiology and Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Amine Bouchareb
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- Biogenouest, Biosit - UMS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 3480/US INSERM 018, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Paul Bourdineaud
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5805, Aquatic Toxicology, University of Bordeaux, Arcachon, France
| | - Maria Gonzalez-Rey
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5805, Aquatic Toxicology, University of Bordeaux, Arcachon, France
| | - Rosana N Morais
- Department of Cellular Biology and Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Maritana Mela
- Department of Cellular Biology and Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Lucélia Nobre Carvalho
- Center of Study of the Meridional Amazon, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop, Brazil.,Institute of Biological, Human and Social Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso UFMT, Sinop, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bessa
- Graduate Program in Ecology, University of Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
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Kolmann MA, Huie JM, Evans K, Summers AP. Specialized specialists and the narrow niche fallacy: a tale of scale-feeding fishes. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:171581. [PMID: 29410862 PMCID: PMC5792939 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although rare within the context of 30 000 species of extant fishes, scale-feeding as an ecological strategy has evolved repeatedly across the teleost tree of life. Scale-feeding (lepidophagous) fishes are diverse in terms of their ecology, behaviour, and specialized morphologies for grazing on scales and mucus of sympatric species. Despite this diversity, the underlying ontogenetic changes in functional and biomechanical properties of associated feeding morphologies in lepidophagous fishes are less understood. We examined the ontogeny of feeding mechanics in two evolutionary lineages of scale-feeding fishes: Roeboides, a characin, and Catoprion, a piranha. We compare these two scale-feeding taxa with their nearest, non-lepidophagous taxa to identify traits held in common among scale-feeding fishes. We use a combination of micro-computed tomography scanning and iodine staining to measure biomechanical predictors of feeding behaviour such as tooth shape, jaw lever mechanics and jaw musculature. We recover a stark contrast between the feeding morphology of scale-feeding and non-scale-feeding taxa, with lepidophagous fishes displaying some paedomorphic characters through to adulthood. Few traits are shared between lepidophagous characins and piranhas, except for their highly-modified, stout dentition. Given such variability in development, morphology and behaviour, ecological diversity within lepidophagous fishes has been underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Kolmann
- Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, 620 University Road, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Huie
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, 1122 NE Boat St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kory Evans
- College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Adam P. Summers
- Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, 620 University Road, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, USA
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Albrecht MP, Reis VCS, Caramaschi ÉP. Resource use by the facultative lepidophage Roeboides affinis (Günther, 1868): a comparison of size classes, seasons and environment types related to impoundment. NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1679-62252013005000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the consumption of scales and other food resources by the facultative lepidophage Roeboides affinis in the upper Tocantins River where it was impounded by the Serra da Mesa Hydroelectric Dam. We compared the diet among size classes, between dry and wet seasons, and between sites with distinct water flow characteristics (lotic vs. lentic) related to the distance from the dam and phase of reservoir development. As transparency and fish abundance increased after impoundment, we expected a higher consumption of scales in lentic sites. Likewise, habitat contraction, higher transparency and decrease in terrestrial resources availability, would promote a higher consumption of scales. Scales were consumed by 92% of individuals and represented 26% of the total volume of resources ingested by R. affinis. Diet composition varied significantly among size classes, with larger individuals consuming more scales and larger items, especially odonatans and ephemeropterans. Scale consumption was not significantly different between dry and wet seasons. Roeboides affinis incorporated some food items into the diet as a response to the impoundment, like other species. Scale consumption was higher in lotic sites, refuting our initial hypothesis, what suggests that the lepidophagous habit is related the rheophilic nature of R. affinis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam P. Albrecht
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | | | - Érica P. Caramaschi
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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