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do Nascimento JM, Brito SV, Teixeira AAM, Frederico RG, Rodrigues AA, do Nascimento Sousa Filho JG, da Cunha IAL. Potential distribution modelling for Haemonchus contortus (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) in South America. Parasitol Res 2024; 123:227. [PMID: 38814495 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08247-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The species Haemonchus contortus occurs in many regions worldwide, mainly parasitising small ruminants and economically impacting animal production. Climate change is considered a driving force for the risk of diseases caused by helminths and can also affect relationships between parasites and their hosts, with the potential to cause losses in both animal production and biodiversity in general. The aim of this study was to model the potential distribution of H. contortus in South America. We used MaxEnt to perform the analyses and describe the contribution of important bioclimatic variables involved in the species distribution. Our results show that H. contortus colonised most of the areas with habitats that suit the species' environmental requirements and that this parasite presents habitat suitability in a future scenario. Understanding the effects of climate change on the occurrence and distribution of parasite species is essential for monitoring these pathogens, in addition to predicting the areas that tend to present future parasite outbreaks and identify opportunities to mitigate the impacts of the emergence of diseases caused by these organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina Marques do Nascimento
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal-BIONORTE, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, São Luís, MA, 65080-805, Brazil.
| | - Samuel Vieira Brito
- Centro de Ciências de Chapadinha, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Br 222, Km 04 Boa Vista, Chapadinha, S/N MA, 65500-000, Brazil
| | - Adonias Aphoena Martins Teixeira
- Centro de Ciências de Chapadinha, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Br 222, Km 04 Boa Vista, Chapadinha, S/N MA, 65500-000, Brazil
| | - Renata Guimarães Frederico
- Centro de Ciências de Chapadinha, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Br 222, Km 04 Boa Vista, Chapadinha, S/N MA, 65500-000, Brazil
| | - Arlan Araujo Rodrigues
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Rodovia BR 079, Km 12, Areia, Paraíba, 58397-000, Brazil
| | - José Gracione do Nascimento Sousa Filho
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal-BIONORTE, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, São Luís, MA, 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Ivo Alexandre Leme da Cunha
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal-BIONORTE, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, São Luís, MA, 65080-805, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências de Chapadinha, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Br 222, Km 04 Boa Vista, Chapadinha, S/N MA, 65500-000, Brazil
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Moreira RT, Mota ALADA, Gonçalves VSP, Rocha GCD, Borges JRJ. Situation of and phenotypic markers of susceptibility to helminth infection among sheep on farms in the Brazilian cerrado biome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 30:e021720. [PMID: 33759939 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-296120201092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the intensity, seasonality, and distribution by genera of, as well as to identify phenotypic markers of susceptibility to, gastrointestinal parasites among sheep on farms within the Brazilian savanna (cerrado) biome. We evaluated 1271 sheep, on seven farms, during the rainy season (in December 2017 and December 2018) and dry season (in July 2018 and July 2019). Parasitological evaluation was based on culture and EPG. We calculated hematocrit, as well as the body condition score and feces score. Of the sheep evaluated, 34.15% had moderate-to-severe parasitic infection. The factors of herds' phenotypic characterization about helminth infections were (p ≤ 0.05 for all): anemia (OR = 5.72); leanness (OR = 1.80); loose stools or diarrhea (OR = 1.54); breed other than Santa Inês (OR = 2.31); "weaned lamb" category (OR = 4.76); "lambing ewe" category (OR = 4.66); and dry season (OR = 2.37). Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Oesophagostomum, and Cooperia accounted for 76.40%, 20.23%, 2.89%, and 0.47%, respectively, of the helminth genera identified, with their proportional distributions being comparable between the rainy and dry seasons. Changes in health management, with regard to helminth infection control, are urgently needed in order to combat the disease more effectively and sustainably.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Lourdes Arrais de Alencar Mota
- Departamento de Epidemiologia e Planejamento em Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Vitor Salvador Picão Gonçalves
- Departamento de Epidemiologia e Planejamento em Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Gino Chaves da Rocha
- Laboratório de Parasitologia e Doenças Parasitárias, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - José Renato Junqueira Borges
- Hospital de Grandes Animais, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasília, DF, Brasil
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Mottin VD, Cruz JFD, Teixeira Neto MR, Marisco G, Figueredo JS, Sousa LS. Efficacy, toxicity, and lethality of plants with potential anthelmintic activity in small ruminants in Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE E PRODUÇÃO ANIMAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/s1519-9940200232019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY The use of medicinal plants as a therapeutic method in the control of diseases has been increasing in animal production. In the case of small ruminants, the endoparasitic disease is a major concern, since they are considered the greater sanitary problem, especially when considering the phenomenon of parasite resistance to the medicines used. Therefore, the development of alternative methods of endoparasitary control in goats and sheep has become a pressing need. The use of plants to control endoparasites can reduce the use of chemical inputs, making more environmentally sustainable livestock, minimizing the occurrence of parasitic resistance to conventional medicines and contributing to the reduction of production costs. In this sense, several studies have been carried out in order to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo activity of plants with anthelmintic potential. However, despite the potentiality found in many studies, the results are sometimes contradictory or do not replicate in vivo the same efficacy obtained in the in vitro assays. Another relevant aspect is the low utilization of the lethality and toxicity tests, which are indispensable so that the knowledge can be spread and applied by the producers in their herds. Thus, this review aims to provide the results from studies carried out in Brazil with extract of plants with potential for control of parasitic disease in goats and sheep, describing the main evaluated plants species, mechanisms of action, preparation forms and tests of efficacy, toxicity, and lethality.
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Silva BFD, Bassetto CC, Amarante AFTD. Immune humoral response of young lambs naturally infested by Oestrus ovis (Diptera: Oestridae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 27:295-300. [PMID: 30133592 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-296120180045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-six newborn lambs were evaluated for 21 weeks, from birth to slaughter, to assess their plasma anti-Oestrus ovis immunoglobulin (IgG) using the ELISA technique. On the last day of sampling, all the lambs were slaughtered and O. ovis larvae were recovered, quantified and identified according to the larval stage. High levels of IgG were observed over the first three weeks of life, thus indicating that antibodies are transferred via colostrum from ewes to lambs. Afterwards, the antibody levels declined progressively until the lambs were 11 weeks of age and subsequently started to increase again when they were around 13 weeks of age, reaching the apex on the last week of sampling. All the lambs were parasitized with different larval stages of O. ovis, with an average of 39 larvae per lamb, and the intensity of the infestation ranged from 10 to 97 larvae. However, there was non-significant correlation coefficients between IgG levels and O. ovis larval burden (P > 0.05). In conclusion, although the lambs became infested with O. ovis at an early age, the larval burden was not associated with specific IgG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Fernanda da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ambiente e Saúde, Universidade do Planalto Catarinense - UNIPLAC, Lages, SC, Brasil
| | - César Cristiano Bassetto
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
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