Prevalência de Cryptosporidium spp. em animais domésticos de companhia da população idosa em Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

The global prevalence and risk factors of Cryptosporidium infection among cats during 1988-2021: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cryptosporidiosis is an important zoonosis caused by Cryptosporidium. This disease causes a global public health problem. The cat is considered to be one of the potential hosts for transmitting Cryptosporidium to humans. In this study, a global meta-analysis for Cryptosporidium infection in cats was performed. The articles related to Cryptosporidium infection in cats were systematically searched in databases China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang data, VIP Chinese Journal Database, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. Finally, 92 articles published from 1988 to 2021, which met the criteria of systematic review and meta-analysis, were collected. During the selected period, the overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium among cats was identified to be 6.0%. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium detected by microscopy, coproantigens, and molecular biology methods were 4.2%, 8.2%, and 5.0%, respectively. Among 9 species/genotypes (C. felis, C. parvum, C. muris, Cryptosporidium rat genotype IV, C. baileyi, C. ryanae, C. hominis, Cryptosporidium sp. rat genotype III and most closely related to Cryptosporidium sp. rat genotype III), the prevalence of C. parvum (4.2%) was significantly higher than that of other species/genotypes. Among five continents, the prevalence of Cryptosporidium in Africa (30.5%) was significantly higher than in other continents. We also analyzed the effects of different geographical factors (longitude, latitude, altitude, mean temperature, precipitation, and humidity) on Cryptosporidium infection among cats. The results showed that cryptosporidiosis was common in cats all over the world. This systematic review and meta-analysis has systematically introduced the global epidemiology of Cryptosporidium in cats and correlated risk factors. Health authorities, doctors, veterinarians and cat owners' awareness of the prevalence, risk factors and complications of Cryptosporidium are important for the development of effective prevention strategies for cryptosporidiosis.

Risk factors and infection due to Cryptosporidium spp. in dogs and cats in southern Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract This study investigated the frequency of oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. in feces from dogs and cats in five municipalities in the southern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The risk factors associated with infection were also investigated. Feces samples from 110 dogs and 18 cats were stained using the auramine method. At the time of feces sampling, a questionnaire with semi-open-ended questions was applied to the animal guardians and all data obtained underwent statistical analysis. The real frequency of oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. was 24.63% (27 dogs and two cats). Only four samples of dog feces were diarrheic and no presence of oocysts was observed in any of them. Variables that represented risk factors for infection were: homemade food, untreated water, circulation of animals on grassy terrain and living in the same environment as other animals (cattle). The results made it possible to inferring that within the population studied, the frequency of parasitism due to Cryptosporidium spp. in dogs was relevant and emphasize the asymptomatic nature of this infection. The adopting control measures are highlighted, particularly in relation to variables that represent risk factors for this infection.

Criptosporidiosis y «Una Salud»

Criptosporidiosis es una enfermedad diarreica (zoonótica) causada por el parásito Cryptosporidium, el cual infecta al intestino. Se producen tanto en el ser humano como en diferentes animales de granja, mascotas y animales silvestres. Se subestima su papel y poco se conoce sobre su epidemiología, debido al escaso interés que suscita y la limitada disponibilidad de métodos de diagnóstico. La salud de las poblaciones tanto humana como animal, están relacionadas con una estrecha interacción de tres factores: el ambiente, los agentes patógenos, y las poblaciones, lo cual determina el estado de salud y enfermedad.El enfoque, conocido como «Una Salud», es una estrategia global en crecimiento que se está adoptando por una diversidad de organizaciones y responsables de las políticas en respuesta a la necesidad de enfoques integrados. Este enfoque puede ser relevante para una amplia gama de objetivos mundiales de desarrollo.Cada vez se habla más de salud integral, de salud holística. Parece que somos más conscientes de que la salud no se reduce a algo puramente biológico, sino que afecta a toda la persona. No es sólo ver al enfermo globalmente, es partir de la complejidad del ser humano y del mundo entero atravesado por la vulnerabilidad e interaccionar con la totalidad de los sujetos.