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Kurtoğlu A, Konar N, Akçınar F, Alotaibi MH, Elkholi SM. The Response of the Amputee Athlete Heart to Chronic Core Exercise: A Study on Hematological and Biochemical Parameters, and N-Terminal Pro Brain Natriuretic Peptide. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:784. [PMID: 38792967 PMCID: PMC11123260 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: mortality and morbidity due to cardiovascular causes are frequently experienced in amputees. Research on the effects of chronic exercise on biomarkers and cardiac damage indicators in these individuals is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a core training program on brain natriuretic-related peptide, as well as hematological and biochemical parameters in amputee soccer players. Materials and Methods: The participants were randomly allocated to the following two groups: a core exercise group (CEG) and a control group (CG). While the CG continued routine soccer training, the CEG group was included in a core exercise program different from this group. During the study, routine hemogram parameters of the participants, various biochemical markers, and the concentration of brain natriuretic-related peptide (NT-pro-BNP) were analyzed. Results: after the training period, notable improvements in various hematological parameters were observed in both groups. In the CEG, there were significant enhancements in red blood cell count (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) values. Similarly, the CG also showed substantial improvements in RBC, HCT, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), MCHC, MCH, red cell distribution width-standard deviation (RDW-SD), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLCR), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW). Moreover, in the CEG, serum triglycerides (TG) and maximal oxygen uptake (MaxVO2) exhibited significant increases. Conversely, TG levels decreased in the CG, while high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and MaxVO2 levels demonstrated substantial elevations. Notably, the N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels did not undergo significant changes in either the CEG or the CG following the core exercise program (p > 0.05). However, in the CEG, a meaningful positive correlation was observed between NT-pro-BNP and creatine kinase (CK) levels before and after the core exercise program. Conclusions: the findings emphasized the potential benefits of core training in enhancing specific physiological aspects, such as erythrocyte-related parameters and lipid metabolism, as well as aerobic capacity. Furthermore, the observed correlation between NT-pro-BNP and CK levels in the CEG provides intriguing insights into the unique physiological adaptations of amputee athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Kurtoğlu
- Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Science, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200 Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Nurettin Konar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200 Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Faruk Akçınar
- Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Science, Inonu University, 44000 Malatya, Turkey
| | - Madawi H. Alotaibi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safaa M. Elkholi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
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Kurtoğlu A, Konar N, Akçınar F, Çar B, Üremiş N, Türköz Y, Eken Ö, Ceylan Hİ, Knappova V, Barasinska M, Gabrys T. Effects of chronic core training on serum and erythrocyte oxidative stress parameters in amputee football players. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1188843. [PMID: 37362427 PMCID: PMC10287970 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1188843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The positive impact of aerobic exercise on blood oxidative stress parameters is well documented. However, the effect of core exercises on these parameters in amputee football players (AF) remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of core exercises on blood oxidative stress parameters in this population. Methods: Experimental method was adopted in the study. Eleven elite AF players participated in the study. The participants were divided randomly into two groups a core exercise group (CEG) and a control group (CG). Blood measurements were taken before and after the 8-week core exercise program. Blood measurements included erythrocyte Total Oxidant Status (eTOS), erythrocyte Total Antioxidant Status (eTAS), erythrocyte oxidative stress index (eOSI), serum nitric oxide (sNO), serum Total Oxidant Status (sTOS), serum Total Antioxidant Status (sTAS), serum oxidative stress index (sOSI), serum total thiol (sTT), serum native thiol (sNT), and serum disulfide (sDS) parameters were studied. Results: According to the results of the study, a significant difference was found between the 0th and eighth week pre-aerobic training load (ATL) sTOS (p = .028) values of CEG values. A significant difference was found in sTOS (p = .028) and sOSI (p = .028) values after the 0th and eighth-week pre-ATL. A significant difference was found in the sTOS (p = .043) and sOSI values (p = .043) of CG at week 0th and eighth-week pre-ATL. Conclusion: Overall, the results suggest that core exercises had a positive effect on blood oxidative stress parameters in AF players by reducing blood total oxidant levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Kurtoğlu
- Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Science, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Türkiye
| | - Nurettin Konar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Türkiye
| | - Faruk Akçınar
- Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Science, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Bekir Çar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Türkiye
| | - Nuray Üremiş
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Yusuf Türköz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Özgür Eken
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Halil İbrahim Ceylan
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Teaching, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Vera Knappova
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czechia
| | | | - Tomasz Gabrys
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czechia
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Sports Performance Tests for Amputee Football Players: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074386. [PMID: 35410067 PMCID: PMC8998416 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: This scoping review aims to identify sports performance tests for amputee football players and to critically analyze the methodological quality, validation data, reliability, and standardization of sport-specific tests to indicate the best-fitting tests. Methods: Electronic database searches were conducted between January 2019 and October 2021. Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria. Qualitative assessment of each study was conducted by STROBE checklist. Results: Twenty-nine sports performance tests were identified. No sports performance test fully met all three criteria associated with the qualitative assessment of tests. The critical appraisal of the articles demonstrates a gap in study design, settings, and main results description. Some inconsistencies were found in the methodological descriptions of tests assessing the same motor skill. A STROBE score of 13 points was considered a satisfactory score for the article (it was obtained by 8 of the 12 studies). The weakest point of the analyzed studies was the description of how the test group size was accessed and later obtained. Conclusions: No test was found that was simultaneously presented as valid, reliable, and standardized. The authors can recommend the use of the two-sports performance tests that are the closest to ideal: the L test and the YYIRT1.
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Cavedon V, Sandri M, Venturelli M, Zancanaro C, Milanese C. Anthropometric Prediction of DXA-Measured Percentage of Fat Mass in Athletes With Unilateral Lower Limb Amputation. Front Physiol 2020; 11:620040. [PMID: 33424643 PMCID: PMC7786292 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.620040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To date there is no anthropometric equation specific to athletes with unilateral lower limb amputation to estimate the percentage of fat mass (%FM). This study investigated the accuracy of a set of anthropometric equations validated on able-bodied populations to predict the %FM assessed by-means of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in athletes with unilateral lower limb amputation. Furthermore, a predictive anthropometric equation specific to athletes with unilateral lower limb amputation was developed from skinfold thickness measurements using DXA as the reference method for the estimation of the %FM. Twenty-nine white male athletes with unilateral lower limb amputation underwent a DXA scan and an anthropometric assessment on the same day. The %FM, calculated through several existing anthropometric equations validated upon able-bodied populations, was compared with the DXA-measured %FM (%FM_DXA). Accuracy and agreement between the two methods was computed with two-tailed paired-sample t-test, concordance correlation coefficient, reduced major axis regression and Bland-Altman analysis. A stepwise multiple regression analysis with the %FM_DXA as the dependent variable and age and nine skinfold thicknesses as potential predictors was carried out and validated using a repeated 10-fold cross-validation. A linear regression analysis with the sum of nine skinfolds as the independent variable was also carried out and validated using a repeated 10-fold cross-validation. The results showed that the anthropometric equations validated on able-bodied populations are inaccurate in the estimation of %FM_DXA with an average bias ranging from 0.51 to -13.70%. Proportional bias was also found revealing that most of the anthropometric equations considered, tended to underestimate/overestimate the %FM_DXA as body fat increased. Regression analysis produced two statistically significant models (P < 0.001 for both) which were able to predict more than 93% of total variance of %FM_DXA from the values of four skinfold measurements (i.e., thigh, abdominal, subscapular and axillary skinfold measurements) or from the sum of 9 skinfolds. Repeated cross-validation analysis highlighted a good predictive performance of the proposed equations. The predictive equations proposed in this study represent a useful tool for clinicians, nutritionists, and physical conditioners to evaluate the physical and nutritional status of athletes with unilateral lower limb amputation directly in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Cavedon
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Sandri
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Venturelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Carlo Zancanaro
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Milanese
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Fujishita H, Urabe Y, Maeda N, Komiya M, Sakai S, Hirata K, Sakamitsu T, Kimura H. Biomechanics of single-leg running using lofstrand crutches in amputee soccer. J Phys Ther Sci 2018; 30:1483-1487. [PMID: 30568340 PMCID: PMC6279695 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.1483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Amputee soccer is a game for individuals with amputations. Players use
lofstrand crutches to move around the field and kick the ball. Scoring quick goals during
a match requires players to have maximum running skills. Notably, a few parameters affect
the running speed in players; however, no study has reported the biomechanical analysis of
running in amputee soccer. Thus study aimed to analyze the biomechanics of single-leg
running using lofstrand crutches in 12 healthy adult males (6 with prior amputee soccer
experience and 6 without such experience). [Participants and Methods] The kinematics of
the lower limb and the pelvis, the ground reaction force, and skill in using the crutches
were evaluated using 3 dimensional motion analysis combined with 8 force plates. Lower leg
amputation was simulated in all participants by maintaining the non-dominant knee in a
position of maximum flexion using an elastic band. [Results] Significant differences were
observed between experienced and non-experienced participants with regard to the angle of
the pelvis and the crutch stance phase. Specifically, higher running speed was associated
with an increased forward tilt of the pelvis and a shorter crutch stance phase.
[Conclusion] These findings will be useful to improve the running speed of amputee soccer
players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Fujishita
- Graduated School of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University: 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan.,Sports Medical Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, Japan
| | - Yukio Urabe
- Graduated School of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University: 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Noriaki Maeda
- Graduated School of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University: 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Makoto Komiya
- Graduated School of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University: 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Shogo Sakai
- Graduated School of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University: 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | | | | | - Hiroaki Kimura
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Japan
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MIYAMOTO AYA, MAEHANA HIROFUMI, YANAGIYA TOSHIO. Characteristics of Anaerobic Performance in Japanese Amputee Soccer Players. JUNTENDO MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.14789/jmj.2018.64.jmj18-p11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AYA MIYAMOTO
- Faculty of Human and Social Studies, Nagasaki International University
| | - HIROFUMI MAEHANA
- Institute of Health and Sports Science and Medicine, Juntendo University
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