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Du Q, Yi M, Li H, Liu J, Guan C, Zeng Y, Xiong H, Wang X, Zhong J, Wu Y, Tan H, Han D, Wang M. Multi-level optical angiography for photodynamic therapy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:1082-1095. [PMID: 36950238 PMCID: PMC10026572 DOI: 10.1364/boe.473644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Blood flow imaging is widely applied in photodynamic therapy (PDT) to provide vascular morphological and statistical parameters. This approach relies on the intensity of time-domain signal differences between blood vessels and background tissues; therefore, it often ignores differences within the vasculature and cannot accommodate abundant structural information. This study proposes a multi-level optical angiography (MOA) method for PDT. It can enhance capillaries and image vessels at different levels by measuring the signal frequency shift associated with red blood cell motion. The experimental results regarding the PDT-induced chorioallantoic membrane model showed that the proposed method could not only perform multi-level angiography but also provide more accurate quantitative information regarding various vascular parameters. This MOA method has potential applications in PDT studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyi Du
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Min Yi
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Caizhong Guan
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Yaguang Zeng
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Honglian Xiong
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Xuehua Wang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Junping Zhong
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Yanxiong Wu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Haishu Tan
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Dingan Han
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Mingyi Wang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
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Gao R, Xu H, Liu L, Zhang Y, Yin T, Zhou H, Sun M, Chen N, Ren Y, Chen T, Pan Y, Zheng M, Ohulchanskyy TY, Zheng R, Cai L, Song L, Qu J, Liu C. Photoacoustic visualization of the fluence rate dependence of photodynamic therapy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:4203-4223. [PMID: 32923037 PMCID: PMC7449708 DOI: 10.1364/boe.395562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the fluence rate effect, an essential modulating mechanism of photodynamic therapy (PDT), by using photoacoustic imaging method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the fluence rate dependence is investigated at a microscopic scale, as opposed to previous studies that are based on tumor growth/necrosis or animal surviving rate. This micro-scale examination enables subtle biological responses, including the vascular damage and the self-healing response, to be studied. Our results reveal the correlations between fluence rate and PDT efficacy/self-healing magnitude, indicating that vascular injuries induced by high fluence rates are more likely to recover and by low fluence rates (≤126 mW/cm2) are more likely to be permanent. There exists a turning point of fluence rate (314 mW/cm2), above which PDT practically produces no permanent therapeutic effect and damaged vessels can fully recover. These findings have practical significance in clinical setting. For cancer-related diseases, the 'effective fluence rate' is useful to provoke permanent destruction of tumor vasculature. Likewise, the 'non effective range' can be applied when PDT is used in applications such as opening the blood brain barrier to avoid permanent brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongkang Gao
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Liangjian Liu
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Ying Zhang
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ting Yin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS Key Lab for Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huichao Zhou
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Mingjian Sun
- Harbin Institute of Technology, Department of Control Science and Engineering, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Ningbo Chen
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yaguang Ren
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yinhao Pan
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mingbin Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS Key Lab for Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tymish Y Ohulchanskyy
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Rongqin Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Lintao Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS Key Lab for Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liang Song
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chengbo Liu
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Liu X, Liang X, LeCouter J, Ubhayakar S, Chen J, Cheng J, Lee T, Lubach J, Nonomiya J, Shahidi-Latham S, Quiason C, Solon E, Wright M, Hop CECA, Heffron TP. Characterization of Antineovascularization Activity and Ocular Pharmacokinetics of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Inhibitor GNE-947. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:408-419. [PMID: 32132091 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.089763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of the present study were to characterize GNE-947 for its phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitory activities, in vitro anti-cell migration activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), in vivo antineovascularization activity in laser-induced rat choroidal neovascular (CNV) eyes, pharmacokinetics in rabbit plasma and eyes, and ocular distribution using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS) and autoradioluminography. Its PI3K and mTOR K i were 0.0005 and 0.045 µM, respectively, and its HUVEC IC50 was 0.093 µM. GNE-947 prevented neovascularization in the rat CNV model at 50 or 100 µg per eye with repeat dosing. After a single intravenous injection at 2.5 and 500 μg/kg in rabbits, its plasma terminal half-lives (t 1/2) were 9.11 and 9.59 hours, respectively. After a single intravitreal injection of a solution at 2.5 μg per eye in rabbits, its apparent t 1/2 values were 14.4, 16.3, and 23.2 hours in the plasma, vitreous humor, and aqueous humor, respectively. After a single intravitreal injection of a suspension at 33.5, 100, 200 μg per eye in rabbits, the t 1/2 were 29, 74, and 219 days in the plasma and 46, 143, and 191 days in the eyes, respectively. MALDI-IMS and autoradioluminography images show that GNE-947 did not homogenously distribute in the vitreous humor and aggregated at the injection sites after injection of the suspension, which was responsible for the long t 1/2 of the suspension because of the slow dissolution process. This hypothesis was supported by pharmacokinetic modeling analyses. In conclusion, the PI3K/mTOR inhibitor GNE-947 prevented neovascularization in a rat CNV model, with t 1/2 up to approximately 6 months after a single intravitreal injection of the suspension in rabbit eyes. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: GNE-947 is a potent phosphoinositide 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor and exhibits anti-choroidal neovascular activity in rat eyes. The duration of GNE-947 in the rabbit eyes after intravitreal injection in a solution is short, with a half-life (t 1/2) of less than a day. However, the duration after intravitreal dose of a suspension is long, with t 1/2 up to 6 months due to low solubility and slow dissolution. These results indicate that intravitreal injection of a suspension for low-solubility drugs can be used to achieve long-term drug exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingrong Liu
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (X.Liu., X.Lia., J.L., S.U., J.Chen, J.Cheng, T.L., J.L., J.N., S.S.-L., C.Q., E.S., M.W., C.E.C.A.H., T.P.H.) and QPS, Delaware Technology Park, Newark, Delaware (E.S.)
| | - Xiaorong Liang
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (X.Liu., X.Lia., J.L., S.U., J.Chen, J.Cheng, T.L., J.L., J.N., S.S.-L., C.Q., E.S., M.W., C.E.C.A.H., T.P.H.) and QPS, Delaware Technology Park, Newark, Delaware (E.S.)
| | - Jenninfer LeCouter
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (X.Liu., X.Lia., J.L., S.U., J.Chen, J.Cheng, T.L., J.L., J.N., S.S.-L., C.Q., E.S., M.W., C.E.C.A.H., T.P.H.) and QPS, Delaware Technology Park, Newark, Delaware (E.S.)
| | - Savita Ubhayakar
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (X.Liu., X.Lia., J.L., S.U., J.Chen, J.Cheng, T.L., J.L., J.N., S.S.-L., C.Q., E.S., M.W., C.E.C.A.H., T.P.H.) and QPS, Delaware Technology Park, Newark, Delaware (E.S.)
| | - Jacob Chen
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (X.Liu., X.Lia., J.L., S.U., J.Chen, J.Cheng, T.L., J.L., J.N., S.S.-L., C.Q., E.S., M.W., C.E.C.A.H., T.P.H.) and QPS, Delaware Technology Park, Newark, Delaware (E.S.)
| | - Jay Cheng
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (X.Liu., X.Lia., J.L., S.U., J.Chen, J.Cheng, T.L., J.L., J.N., S.S.-L., C.Q., E.S., M.W., C.E.C.A.H., T.P.H.) and QPS, Delaware Technology Park, Newark, Delaware (E.S.)
| | - Tom Lee
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (X.Liu., X.Lia., J.L., S.U., J.Chen, J.Cheng, T.L., J.L., J.N., S.S.-L., C.Q., E.S., M.W., C.E.C.A.H., T.P.H.) and QPS, Delaware Technology Park, Newark, Delaware (E.S.)
| | - Joe Lubach
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (X.Liu., X.Lia., J.L., S.U., J.Chen, J.Cheng, T.L., J.L., J.N., S.S.-L., C.Q., E.S., M.W., C.E.C.A.H., T.P.H.) and QPS, Delaware Technology Park, Newark, Delaware (E.S.)
| | - Jim Nonomiya
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (X.Liu., X.Lia., J.L., S.U., J.Chen, J.Cheng, T.L., J.L., J.N., S.S.-L., C.Q., E.S., M.W., C.E.C.A.H., T.P.H.) and QPS, Delaware Technology Park, Newark, Delaware (E.S.)
| | - Sheerin Shahidi-Latham
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (X.Liu., X.Lia., J.L., S.U., J.Chen, J.Cheng, T.L., J.L., J.N., S.S.-L., C.Q., E.S., M.W., C.E.C.A.H., T.P.H.) and QPS, Delaware Technology Park, Newark, Delaware (E.S.)
| | - Cristine Quiason
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (X.Liu., X.Lia., J.L., S.U., J.Chen, J.Cheng, T.L., J.L., J.N., S.S.-L., C.Q., E.S., M.W., C.E.C.A.H., T.P.H.) and QPS, Delaware Technology Park, Newark, Delaware (E.S.)
| | - Eric Solon
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (X.Liu., X.Lia., J.L., S.U., J.Chen, J.Cheng, T.L., J.L., J.N., S.S.-L., C.Q., E.S., M.W., C.E.C.A.H., T.P.H.) and QPS, Delaware Technology Park, Newark, Delaware (E.S.)
| | - Matthew Wright
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (X.Liu., X.Lia., J.L., S.U., J.Chen, J.Cheng, T.L., J.L., J.N., S.S.-L., C.Q., E.S., M.W., C.E.C.A.H., T.P.H.) and QPS, Delaware Technology Park, Newark, Delaware (E.S.)
| | - Cornelis E C A Hop
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (X.Liu., X.Lia., J.L., S.U., J.Chen, J.Cheng, T.L., J.L., J.N., S.S.-L., C.Q., E.S., M.W., C.E.C.A.H., T.P.H.) and QPS, Delaware Technology Park, Newark, Delaware (E.S.)
| | - Timothy P Heffron
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (X.Liu., X.Lia., J.L., S.U., J.Chen, J.Cheng, T.L., J.L., J.N., S.S.-L., C.Q., E.S., M.W., C.E.C.A.H., T.P.H.) and QPS, Delaware Technology Park, Newark, Delaware (E.S.)
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4
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Zhou HC, Chen N, Zhao H, Yin T, Zhang J, Zheng W, Song L, Liu C, Zheng R. Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy for monitoring vascular normalization during anti-angiogenic therapy. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2019; 15:100143. [PMID: 31463195 PMCID: PMC6710376 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2019.100143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring the changes in tumor vascularity is important for anti-angiogenic therapy assessment with therapeutic implications. However, monitoring vascularity is quite challenging due to the lack of appropriate imaging techniques. Here, we describe a non-invasive imaging technique using optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) to track vascular changes in prostate cancer treated with an anti-angiogenic agent, DC101, on a mouse ear xenograft model. Approximately 1-3 days after the initial therapy, OR-PAM imaging detected tumor vascular changes such as reduced vessel tortuosity, decreased vessel diameter and homogenized intratumoral vessel distribution. These observations indicated vessel normalization, which was pathologically validated as increased fractional pericyte coverage, functional perfusion and drug delivery of the vessels. After four DC101 interventions, OR-PAM imaging eventually revealed intratumoral vessel regression. Therefore, OR-PAM imaging of the vasculature offers a promising method to study anti-angiogenic drug mechanisms of action in vivo and holds potential in monitoring and guiding anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chao Zhou
- Department of Medical Ultrasonic, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ningbo Chen
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huangxuan Zhao
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tinghui Yin
- Department of Medical Ultrasonic, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Song
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chengbo Liu
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Corresponding author at: Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Boulevard, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Rongqin Zheng
- Department of Medical Ultrasonic, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Corresponding author at: Department of Medical Ultrasonic, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Tian He Road 600#, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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Meyer HJ, Garnov N, Surov A. Comparison of Two Mathematical Models of Cellularity Calculation. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:307-310. [PMID: 29413764 PMCID: PMC5884215 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECT: Nowadays, there is increasing evidence that functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities, namely, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic-contrast enhanced MRI (DCE MRI), can characterize tumor architecture like cellularity and vascularity. Previously, two formulas based on a logistic tumor growth model were proposed to predict tumor cellularity with DWI and DCE. The purpose of this study was to proof these formulas. METHODS: 16 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas were included into the study. There were 2 women and 14 men with a mean age of 57.0 ± 7.5 years. In every case, tumor cellularity was calculated using the proposed formulas by Atuegwu et al. In every case, also tumor cell count was estimated on histopathological specimens as an average cell count per 2 to 5 high-power fields. RESULTS: There was no significant correlation between the calculated cellularity and histopathologically estimated cell count by using the formula based on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. A moderate positive correlation (r=0.515, P=.041) could be identified by using the formula including ADC and Ve values. CONCLUSIONS: The formula including ADC and Ve values is more sensitive to predict tumor cellularity than the formula including ADC values only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Jonas Meyer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional radiology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103 Leipzig
| | - Nikita Garnov
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional radiology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103 Leipzig
| | - Alexey Surov
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional radiology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103 Leipzig.
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Kim J, Kim E, Euceda LR, Meyer DE, Langseth K, Bathen TF, Moestue SA, Huuse EM. Multiparametric characterization of response to anti-angiogenic therapy using USPIO contrast-enhanced MRI in combination with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 47:1589-1600. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Kim
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging; NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim Norway
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital; Trondheim Norway
| | - Eugene Kim
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging; NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim Norway
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital; Trondheim Norway
| | - Leslie R. Euceda
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging; NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim Norway
| | - Dan E. Meyer
- Biosciences Technology Organization, GE Global Research Center; Niskayuna NY United States
| | | | - Tone F. Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging; NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim Norway
| | - Siver A. Moestue
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging; NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim Norway
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Women's and Children's Health; NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim Norway
| | - Else Marie Huuse
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging; NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim Norway
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital; Trondheim Norway
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7
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Shi Y, Oeh J, Hitz A, Hedehus M, Eastham-Anderson J, Peale FV, Hamilton P, O'Brien T, Sampath D, Carano RAD. Monitoring and Targeting Anti-VEGF Induced Hypoxia within the Viable Tumor by 19F-MRI and Multispectral Analysis. Neoplasia 2017; 19:950-959. [PMID: 28987998 PMCID: PMC5635323 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of anti-angiogenic agents on tumor oxygenation has been in question for a number of years, where both increases and decreases in tumor pO2 have been observed. This dichotomy in results may be explained by the role of vessel normalization in the response of tumors to anti-angiogenic therapy, where anti-angiogenic therapies may initially improve both the structure and the function of tumor vessels, but more sustained or potent anti-angiogenic treatments will produce an anti-vascular response, producing a more hypoxic environment. The first goal of this study was to employ multispectral (MS) 19F–MRI to noninvasively quantify viable tumor pO2 and evaluate the ability of a high dose of an antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to produce a strong and prolonged anti-vascular response that results in significant tumor hypoxia. The second goal of this study was to target the anti-VEGF induced hypoxic tumor micro-environment with an agent, tirapazamine (TPZ), which has been designed to target hypoxic regions of tumors. These goals have been successfully met, where an antibody that blocks both murine and human VEGF-A (B20.4.1.1) was found by MS 19F–MRI to produce a strong anti-vascular response and reduce viable tumor pO2 in an HM-7 xenograft model. TPZ was then employed to target the anti-VEGF-induced hypoxic region. The combination of anti-VEGF and TPZ strongly suppressed HM-7 tumor growth and was superior to control and both monotherapies. This study provides evidence that clinical trials combining anti-vascular agents with hypoxia-activated prodrugs should be considered to improved efficacy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhou Shi
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - Jason Oeh
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - Anna Hitz
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - Maj Hedehus
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Franklin V Peale
- Department of Pathology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - Patricia Hamilton
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - Thomas O'Brien
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - Deepak Sampath
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - Richard A D Carano
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA.
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Use of Ultrasmall Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Enhanced Susceptibility Weighted Imaging and Mean Vessel Density Imaging to Monitor Antiangiogenic Effects of Sorafenib on Experimental Hepatocellular Carcinoma. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2017; 2017:9265098. [PMID: 29097941 PMCID: PMC5612611 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9265098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We investigated effectiveness of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide enhanced susceptibility weighted imaging (USPIO-enhanced SWI) and mean vessel density imaging (Q) in monitoring antiangiogenic effects of Sorafenib on orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thirty-five HCC xenografts were established. USPIO-enhanced SWI and Q were performed on a 1.5 T MR scanner at baseline, 7, 14, and 21 days after Sorafenib treatment. Intratumoral susceptibility signal intensity (ITSS) and Q were serially measured and compared between the treated (n = 15) and control groups (n = 15). Both ITSS and Q were significantly lower in the treated group at each time point (P < 0.05). Measurements in the treated group showed that ITSS persisted at 7 days (P = 0.669) and increased at 14 and 21 days (P < 0.05), while Q significantly declined at 7 days (P = 0.028) and gradually increased at 14 and 21 days. In the treated group, significant correlation was found between Q and histologic microvessel density (MVD) (r = 0.753, P < 0.001), and ITSS correlated well with MVD (r = 0.742, P = 0.002) after excluding the data from baseline. This study demonstrated that USPIO-enhanced SWI and Q could provide novel biomarkers for evaluating antiangiogenic effects of Sorafenib on HCC.
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Fredrickson J, Serkova NJ, Wyatt SK, Carano RAD, Pirzkall A, Rhee I, Rosen LS, Bessudo A, Weekes C, de Crespigny A. Clinical translation of ferumoxytol-based vessel size imaging (VSI): Feasibility in a phase I oncology clinical trial population. Magn Reson Med 2017; 77:814-825. [PMID: 26918893 PMCID: PMC5677523 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the feasibility of acquiring vessel size imaging (VSI) metrics using ferumoxytol injections and stock pulse sequences in a multicenter Phase I trial of a novel therapy in patients with advanced metastatic disease. METHODS Scans were acquired before, immediately after, and 48 h after injection, at screening and after 2 weeks of treatment. ΔR2 , ΔR2*, vessel density (Q), and relative vascular volume fractions (VVF) were estimated in both normal tissue and tumor, and compared with model-derived theoretical and experimental estimates based on preclinical murine xenograft data. RESULTS R2 and R2* relaxation rates were still significantly elevated in tumors and liver 48 h after ferumoxytol injection; liver values returned to baseline by week 2. Q was relatively insensitive to changes in ΔR2*, indicating lack of dependence on contrast agent concentration. Variability in Q was higher among human tumors compared with xenografts and was mostly driven by ΔR2 . Relative VVFs were higher in human tumors compared with xenografts, while values in muscle were similar between species. CONCLUSION Clinical ferumoxytol-based VSI is feasible using standard MRI techniques in a multicenter study of patients with lesions outside of the brain. Ferumoxytol accumulation in the liver does not preclude measurement of VSI parameters in liver metastases. Magn Reson Med 77:814-825, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Fredrickson
- Oncology Clinical Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Natalie J. Serkova
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Shelby K. Wyatt
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Andrea Pirzkall
- Oncology Clinical Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ina Rhee
- Oncology Clinical Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lee S. Rosen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, UCLA, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Alberto Bessudo
- San Diego Pacific Oncology Hematology Associates, Inc., Encinitas, CA, USA
| | - Colin Weekes
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alex de Crespigny
- Oncology Clinical Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
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10
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Chi OZ, Mellender SJ, Barsoum S, Liu X, Damito S, Weiss HR. Effects of rapamycin pretreatment on blood-brain barrier disruption in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Neurosci Lett 2016; 620:132-6. [PMID: 27037216 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is essential in neuronal survival and repair in cerebral ischemia. Decreases in blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption are associated with a decrease in neuronal damage in cerebral ischemia. This study was performed to investigate how pre-inhibition of the mTOR pathway with rapamycin would affect BBB disruption and the size of the infarcted cortical area in the early stage of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion using quantitative analysis of BBB disruption. Rats were treated with 20mg/kg of rapamycin i.p. once a day for 2days (Rapamycin Group) or vehicle (Control Group) before transient middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. After one hour of MCA occlusion and two hours of reperfusion, the transfer coefficient (Ki) of (14)C-α-aminoisobutyric acid ((14)C-AIB) to measure the degree of BBB disruption and the size of the cortical infarct were determined. Ischemia-reperfusion increased the Ki in the Rapamycin treated (+15%) as well as in the untreated control group (+13%). However, rapamycin pretreatment moderately decreased Ki in the contralateral (-30%) as well as in the ischemic-reperfused (-29%) cortex when compared with the untreated control group. Rapamycin pretreatment substantially increased the percentage of cortical infarct compared with the control group (+56%). Our data suggest that activation of mTOR pathway is necessary for neuronal survival in the early stage of cerebral ischemia-perfusion and that the reason for the enlarged cortical infarct by rapamycin pretreatment may be related to its non-BBB effects on the mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oak Z Chi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Scott J Mellender
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Sylviana Barsoum
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Stacey Damito
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Harvey R Weiss
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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11
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Josephs DH, Sarker D. Pharmacodynamic Biomarker Development for PI3K Pathway Therapeutics. TRANSLATIONAL ONCOGENOMICS 2016; 7:33-49. [PMID: 26917948 PMCID: PMC4762492 DOI: 10.4137/tog.s30529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway is integral to many essential cell processes, including cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, motility, and metabolism. Somatic mutations and genetic amplifications that result in activation of the pathway are frequently detected in cancer. This has led to the development of rationally designed therapeutics targeting key members of the pathway. Critical to the successful development of these drugs are pharmacodynamic biomarkers that aim to define the degree of target and pathway inhibition. In this review, we discuss the pharmacodynamic biomarkers that have been utilized in early-phase clinical trials of PI3K pathway inhibitors. We focus on the challenges related to development and interpretation of these assays, their optimal integration with pharmacokinetic and predictive biomarkers, and future strategies to ensure successful development of PI3K pathway inhibitors within a personalized medicine paradigm for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra H Josephs
- Department of Research Oncology, Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Debashis Sarker
- Department of Research Oncology, Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
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12
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Mehrabian H, Da Rosa M, Haider MA, Martel AL. Pharmacokinetic analysis of prostate cancer using independent component analysis. Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 33:1236-1245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Winfield JM, Payne GS, deSouza NM. Functional MRI and CT biomarkers in oncology. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2015; 42:562-78. [PMID: 25578953 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-014-2979-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Imaging biomarkers derived from MRI or CT describe functional properties of tumours and normal tissues. They are finding increasing numbers of applications in diagnosis, monitoring of response to treatment and assessment of progression or recurrence. Imaging biomarkers also provide scope for assessment of heterogeneity within and between lesions. A wide variety of functional parameters have been investigated for use as biomarkers in oncology. Some imaging techniques are used routinely in clinical applications while others are currently restricted to clinical trials or preclinical studies. Apparent diffusion coefficient, magnetization transfer ratio and native T1 relaxation time provide information about structure and organization of tissues. Vascular properties may be described using parameters derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, dynamic contrast-enhanced CT, transverse relaxation rate (R2*), vessel size index and relative blood volume, while magnetic resonance spectroscopy may be used to probe the metabolic profile of tumours. This review describes the mechanisms of contrast underpinning each technique and the technical requirements for robust and reproducible imaging. The current status of each biomarker is described in terms of its validation, qualification and clinical applications, followed by a discussion of the current limitations and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Winfield
- CRUK Imaging Centre at the Institute of Cancer Research, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK,
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14
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Shoni M, Lui KO, Vavvas DG, Muto MG, Berkowitz RS, Vlahos N, Ng SW. Protein kinases and associated pathways in pluripotent state and lineage differentiation. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 9:366-87. [PMID: 24998240 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x09666140616130217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Revised: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases (PKs) mediate the reversible conversion of substrate proteins to phosphorylated forms, a key process in controlling intracellular signaling transduction cascades. Pluripotency is, among others, characterized by specifically expressed PKs forming a highly interconnected regulatory network that culminates in a finely-balanced molecular switch. Current high-throughput phosphoproteomic approaches have shed light on the specific regulatory PKs and their function in controlling pluripotent states. Pluripotent cell-derived endothelial and hematopoietic developments represent an example of the importance of pluripotency in cancer therapeutics and organ regeneration. This review attempts to provide the hitherto known kinome profile and the individual characterization of PK-related pathways that regulate pluripotency. Elucidating the underlying intrinsic and extrinsic signals may improve our understanding of the different pluripotent states, the maintenance or induction of pluripotency, and the ability to tailor lineage differentiation, with a particular focus on endothelial cell differentiation for anti-cancer treatment, cell-based tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shu-Wing Ng
- 221 Longwood Avenue, BLI- 449A, Boston MA 02115, USA.
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15
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Zhou Y, Yang J, Zhang R, Kopeček J. Combination therapy of prostate cancer with HPMA copolymer conjugates containing PI3K/mTOR inhibitor and docetaxel. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 89:107-15. [PMID: 25481033 PMCID: PMC4355312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Combination therapies have been investigated to address the current challenges of anti-cancer therapeutics. In particular, a novel paradigm of combination therapy targeting both cancer stem/progenitor cells and bulk tumor cells is promising to improve the long-term therapeutic benefit against prostate cancer. Among the therapeutic agents with anti-CSC activities, the PI3K/mTOR inhibitors exhibit preferential inhibitory effect on prostate cancer stem/progenitor cells and potent cytotoxicity against bulk tumor cells. The combination of PI3K/mTOR inhibitor and traditional chemotherapy docetaxel may show superior therapeutic effect over single drug treatment. Aiming to further improve the combinational anti-tumor and anti-CSC effect, we developed the combination therapy containing two HPMA copolymer-drug conjugates, incorporated with PI3K/mTOR inhibitor GDC-0980 (P-(GDC-0980)) and docetaxel (P-DTX), respectively. The anti-tumor and anti-CSC effects of the single and combination therapy were investigated in vitro and on PC-3 prostate cancer xenografts in nude mice. Our evaluations showed that P-(GDC-0980) suppressed CD133+ prostate stem/progenitor cell growth even at the low dose which does not cause significant growth inhibition in bulk tumor cells. The combination therapy exhibited effective anti-CSC effect as well as enhanced anti-bulk tumor effect in vitro. Among all the single and combination dosing regimens of free drugs and conjugates, the macromolecular combination therapy showed significantly prolonged mice survival in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jiyuan Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jindřich Kopeček
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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16
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Cebulla J, Huuse EM, Pettersen K, van der Veen A, Kim E, Andersen S, Prestvik WS, Bofin AM, Pathak AP, Bjørkøy G, Bathen TF, Moestue SA. MRI reveals the in vivo cellular and vascular response to BEZ235 in ovarian cancer xenografts with different PI3-kinase pathway activity. Br J Cancer 2014; 112:504-13. [PMID: 25535727 PMCID: PMC4453650 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) pathway is an attractive therapeutic target. However, difficulty in predicting therapeutic response limits the clinical implementation of PI3K inhibitors. This study evaluates the utility of clinically relevant magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers for noninvasively assessing the in vivo response to the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor BEZ235 in two ovarian cancer models with differential PI3K pathway activity. METHODS The PI3K signalling activity of TOV-21G and TOV-112D human ovarian cancer cells was investigated in vitro. Cellular and vascular response of the xenografts to BEZ235 treatment (65 mg kg(-1), 3 days) was assessed in vivo using diffusion-weighted (DW) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI. Micro-computed tomography was performed to investigate changes in vascular morphology. RESULTS The TOV-21G cells showed higher PI3K signalling activity than TOV-112D cells in vitro and in vivo. Treated TOV-21G xenografts decreased in volume and DW-MRI revealed an increased water diffusivity that was not found in TOV-112D xenografts. Treatment-induced improvement in vascular functionality was detected with DCE-MRI in both models. Changes in vascular morphology were not found. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that DW- and DCE-MRI can detect cellular and vascular response to PI3K/mTOR inhibition in vivo. However, only DW-MRI could discriminate between a strong and weak response to BEZ235.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cebulla
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - E M Huuse
- 1] Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway [2] Department of Medical Imaging, St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - K Pettersen
- 1] Center of Molecular Inflammation Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway [2] Department of Technology, University College of Sør-Trøndelag, Trondheim 7006, Norway [3] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - A van der Veen
- Center of Molecular Inflammation Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - E Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - S Andersen
- 1] Center of Molecular Inflammation Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway [2] Department of Technology, University College of Sør-Trøndelag, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - W S Prestvik
- Department of Technology, University College of Sør-Trøndelag, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - A M Bofin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - A P Pathak
- Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - G Bjørkøy
- 1] Center of Molecular Inflammation Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway [2] Department of Technology, University College of Sør-Trøndelag, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - T F Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - S A Moestue
- 1] Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway [2] Department of Medical Imaging, St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim 7006, Norway
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Emblem KE, Farrar CT, Gerstner ER, Batchelor TT, Borra RJH, Rosen BR, Sorensen AG, Jain RK. Vessel caliber--a potential MRI biomarker of tumour response in clinical trials. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2014; 11:566-84. [PMID: 25113840 PMCID: PMC4445139 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2014.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of the importance of blood vessels and angiogenesis in cancer has increased considerably over the past decades, and the assessment of tumour vessel calibre and structure has become increasingly important for in vivo monitoring of therapeutic response. The preferred method for in vivo imaging of most solid cancers is MRI, and the concept of vessel-calibre MRI has evolved since its initial inception in the early 1990s. Almost a quarter of a century later, unlike traditional contrast-enhanced MRI techniques, vessel-calibre MRI remains widely inaccessible to the general clinical community. The narrow availability of the technique is, in part, attributable to limited awareness and a lack of imaging standardization. Thus, the role of vessel-calibre MRI in early phase clinical trials remains to be determined. By contrast, regulatory approvals of antiangiogenic agents that are not directly cytotoxic have created an urgent need for clinical trials incorporating advanced imaging analyses, going beyond traditional assessments of tumour volume. To this end, we review the field of vessel-calibre MRI and summarize the emerging evidence supporting the use of this technique to monitor response to anticancer therapy. We also discuss the potential use of this biomarker assessment in clinical imaging trials and highlight relevant avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyrre E Emblem
- The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian T Farrar
- Department of Radiology and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Gerstner
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 100 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Tracy T Batchelor
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 100 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ronald J H Borra
- Department of Radiology and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Bruce R Rosen
- Department of Radiology and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - A Gregory Sorensen
- Siemens Healthcare Health Services, 51 Valley Stream Parkway, Malvern, PA 19355, USA
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 100 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Multispectral fluorescence ultramicroscopy: three-dimensional visualization and automatic quantification of tumor morphology, drug penetration, and antiangiogenic treatment response. Neoplasia 2014; 16:1-13. [PMID: 24563615 DOI: 10.1593/neo.131848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Classic histology still represents the gold standard in tumor tissue analytics. However, two-dimensional analysis of single tissue slides does not provide a representative overview of the inhomogeneous tumor physiology, and a detailed analysis of complex three-dimensional structures is not feasible with this technique. To overcome this problem, we applied multispectral fluorescence ultramicroscopy (UM) to the field of tumor analysis. Optical sectioning of cleared tumor specimen provides the possibility to three-dimensionally acquire relevant tumor parameters on a cellular resolution. To analyze the virtual UM tumor data sets, we created a novel set of algorithms enabling the fully automatic segmentation and quantification of multiple tumor parameters. This new postmortem imaging technique was applied to determine the therapeutic treatment effect of bevacizumab on the vessel architecture of orthotopic KPL-4 breast cancer xenografts at different time points. A significant reduction of the vessel volume, number of vessel segments, and branching points in the tumor periphery was already detectable 1 day after initiation of treatment. These parameters remained virtually unchanged in the center of the tumor. Furthermore, bevacizumab-induced vessel normalization and reduction in vascular permeability diminished the penetration behavior of trastuzumab-Alexa 750 into tumor tissue. Our results demonstrated that this newimaging method enables the three-dimensional visualization and fully automatic quantification of multiple tumor parameters and drug penetration on a cellular level. Therefore,UM is a valuable tool for cancer research and drug development. It bridges the gap between common macroscopic and microscopic imaging modalities and opens up new three-dimensional (3D) insights in tumor biology.
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19
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Cancer subclonal genetic architecture as a key to personalized medicine. Neoplasia 2014; 15:1410-20. [PMID: 24403863 DOI: 10.1593/neo.131972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The future of personalized oncological therapy will likely rely on evidence-based medicine to integrate all of the available evidence to delineate the most efficacious treatment option for the patient. To undertake evidence-based medicine through use of targeted therapy regimens, identification of the specific underlying causative mutation(s) driving growth and progression of a patient's tumor is imperative. Although molecular subtyping is important for planning and treatment, intraclonal genetic diversity has been recently highlighted as having significant implications for biopsy-based prognosis. Overall, delineation of the clonal architecture of a patient's cancer and how this will impact on the selection of the most efficacious therapy remain a topic of intense interest.
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Mapping in vivo tumor oxygenation within viable tumor by 19F-MRI and multispectral analysis. Neoplasia 2014; 15:1241-50. [PMID: 24339736 DOI: 10.1593/neo.131468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantifying oxygenation in viable tumor remains a major obstacle toward a better understanding of the tumor micro-environment and improving treatment strategies. Current techniques are often complicated by tumor heterogeneity. Herein, a novel in vivo approach that combines (19)F magnetic resonance imaging ((19)F-MRI) R 1 mapping with diffusion-based multispectral (MS) analysis is introduced. This approach restricts the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) measurements to viable tumor, the tissue of therapeutic interest. The technique exhibited sufficient sensitivity to detect a breathing gas challenge in a xenograft tumor model, and the hypoxic region measured by MS (19)F-MRI was strongly correlated with histologic estimates of hypoxia. This approach was then applied to address the effects of antivascular agents on tumor oxygenation, which is a research question that is still under debate. The technique was used to monitor longitudinal pO2 changes in response to an antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor (B20.4.1.1) and a selective dual phosphoinositide 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor (GDC-0980). GDC-0980 reduced viable tumor pO2 during a 3-day treatment period, and a significant reduction was also produced by B20.4.1.1. Overall, this method provides an unprecedented view of viable tumor pO2 and contributes to a greater understanding of the effects of antivascular therapies on the tumor's microenvironment.
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Troprès I, Pannetier N, Grand S, Lemasson B, Moisan A, Péoc'h M, Rémy C, Barbier EL. Imaging the microvessel caliber and density: Principles and applications of microvascular MRI. Magn Reson Med 2014; 73:325-41. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irène Troprès
- IRMaGe; Université Grenoble Alpes; Grenoble France
- UMS 3552; CNRS; Grenoble France
- US 017; INSERM; Grenoble France
- IRMaGe, Hôpital Michallon; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble; Grenoble France
- Université Joseph Fourier; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France. INSERM; U836 Grenoble France
| | - Nicolas Pannetier
- Université Joseph Fourier; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
- INSERM; U836 Grenoble France
| | - Sylvie Grand
- Université Joseph Fourier; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
- INSERM; U836 Grenoble France
- CLUNI, Hôpital Michallon; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble; Grenoble France
| | - Benjamin Lemasson
- Université Joseph Fourier; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
- INSERM; U836 Grenoble France
| | - Anaïck Moisan
- Université Joseph Fourier; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
- INSERM; U836 Grenoble France
| | - Michel Péoc'h
- Service d'anatomo-pathologie; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint Etienne; Saint-Etienne France
- EA 2521; Université Jean Monnet; Saint-Etienne France
| | - Chantal Rémy
- Université Joseph Fourier; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
- INSERM; U836 Grenoble France
| | - Emmanuel L. Barbier
- Université Joseph Fourier; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
- INSERM; U836 Grenoble France
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Cebulla J, Kim E, Rhie K, Zhang J, Pathak AP. Multiscale and multi-modality visualization of angiogenesis in a human breast cancer model. Angiogenesis 2014; 17:695-709. [PMID: 24719185 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-014-9429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis in breast cancer helps fulfill the metabolic demands of the progressing tumor and plays a critical role in tumor metastasis. Therefore, various imaging modalities have been used to characterize tumor angiogenesis. While micro-CT (μCT) is a powerful tool for analyzing the tumor microvascular architecture at micron-scale resolution, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with its sub-millimeter resolution is useful for obtaining in vivo vascular data (e.g. tumor blood volume and vessel size index). However, integration of these microscopic and macroscopic angiogenesis data across spatial resolutions remains challenging. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of 'multiscale' angiogenesis imaging in a human breast cancer model, wherein we bridge the resolution gap between ex vivo μCT and in vivo MRI using intermediate resolution ex vivo MR microscopy (μMRI). To achieve this integration, we developed suitable vessel segmentation techniques for the ex vivo imaging data and co-registered the vascular data from all three imaging modalities. We showcase two applications of this multiscale, multi-modality imaging approach: (1) creation of co-registered maps of vascular volume from three independent imaging modalities, and (2) visualization of differences in tumor vasculature between viable and necrotic tumor regions by integrating μCT vascular data with tumor cellularity data obtained using diffusion-weighted MRI. Collectively, these results demonstrate the utility of 'mesoscopic' resolution μMRI for integrating macroscopic in vivo MRI data and microscopic μCT data. Although focused on the breast tumor xenograft vasculature, our imaging platform could be extended to include additional data types for a detailed characterization of the tumor microenvironment and computational systems biology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Cebulla
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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23
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Fennessy FM, McKay RR, Beard CJ, Taplin ME, Tempany CM. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in prostate cancer clinical trials: potential roles and possible pitfalls. Transl Oncol 2014; 7:120-9. [PMID: 24772215 PMCID: PMC3998683 DOI: 10.1593/tlo.13922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) evaluates the tissue microvasculature and may have a role in assessing and predicting therapeutic response in prostate cancer (PCa). In this review, we review principles of DCE-MRI and present the potential quantitative information that can be obtained. We discuss how it may be used as a biomarker for treatment with antiangiogenic and antivascular agents and potentially identify patients with PCa who may benefit from this form of therapy. Likewise, DCE-MRI may play a role in assessing response to combined androgen deprivation therapy and radiation therapy and theoretically could be a prognostic biomarker in evaluating second-generation hormone therapies. We also address the challenges of using DCE-MRI in PCa clinical trials and discuss the difficulties with standardization of this methodology to allow for biomarker validation, with particular reference to PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona M Fennessy
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA ; Department of Radiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Rana R McKay
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Clair J Beard
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Mary-Ellen Taplin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Clare M Tempany
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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