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Chen W, Hu Z, Guo Z. Targeting CD24 in Cancer Immunotherapy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3159. [PMID: 38137380 PMCID: PMC10740697 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a hot area in cancer treatment, and one of the keys to this therapy is the identification of the right tumour-associated or tumour-specific antigen. Cluster of differentiation 24 (CD24) is an emerging tumour-associated antigen that is commonly and highly expressed in various tumours. In addition, CD24 is associated with several cancer-related signalling pathways and closely interacts with other molecules and immune cells to influence tumour progression. Monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, and CAR-NK cell therapy are currently available for the treatment of CD24. In this review, we summarise the existing therapeutic approaches and possible future directions targeting CD24.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China;
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2
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Wang Y, Yu H, Yu M, Liu H, Zhang B, Wang Y, Zhao S, Xia Q. CD24 blockade as a novel strategy for cancer treatment. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110557. [PMID: 37379708 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The CD24 protein is a heat-stable protein with a small core that undergoes extensive glycosylation. It is expressed on the surface of various normal cells, including lymphocytes, epithelial cells, and inflammatory cells. CD24 exerts its function by binding to different ligands. Numerous studies have demonstrated the close association of CD24 with tumor occurrence and progression. CD24 not only facilitates tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and immune evasion but also plays a role in tumor initiation, thus, serving as a marker on the surface of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Additionally, CD24 induces drug resistance in various tumor cells following chemotherapy. To counteract the tumor-promoting effects of CD24, several treatment strategies targeting CD24 have been explored, such as the use of CD24 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) alone, the combination of CD24 and chemotoxic drugs, or the combination of these drugs with other targeted immunotherapeutic techniques. Regardless of the approach, targeting CD24 has demonstrated significant anti-tumor effects. Therefore, the present study focuses on anti-tumor therapy and provides a comprehensive review of the structure and fundamental physiological function of CD24 and its impact on tumor development, and suggests that targeting CD24 may represent an effective strategy for treating malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology and Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Accurate Pathological Diagnosis of Intractable Tumors, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Pathological Diagnostic Antibody, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Haoran Yu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology and Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Accurate Pathological Diagnosis of Intractable Tumors, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Pathological Diagnostic Antibody, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Mengyuan Yu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology and Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Accurate Pathological Diagnosis of Intractable Tumors, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Pathological Diagnostic Antibody, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Accurate Pathological Diagnosis of Intractable Tumors, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology and Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Accurate Pathological Diagnosis of Intractable Tumors, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Simin Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology and Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Accurate Pathological Diagnosis of Intractable Tumors, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
| | - Qingxin Xia
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology and Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Accurate Pathological Diagnosis of Intractable Tumors, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Pathological Diagnostic Antibody, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
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3
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Artemin Promotes the Migration and Invasion of Cervical Cancer Cells through AKT/mTORC1 Signaling. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3332485. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/3332485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background. The neurotrophic factor Artemin (ARTN) is involved in tumor proliferation and metastasis. Nonetheless, ARTN’s significance in cervical cancer (CC) has not been studied. In our study, we propose to investigate the biological function of ARTN in CC as well as its particular regulatory mechanism. Methods. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to examine the degree of ARTN protein expression in CC patient tissue. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were performed to reveal related genes’ levels in CC cells. The CCK-8 test, the colony formation assay, the wound-healing assay, and the transwell assay were utilized to determine the proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities, respectively. To generate lung metastasis models, stable ARTN-expressing SiHa cells were injected into the caudal tail vein of mice. IHC was used to examine the protein levels in CC mice model tissues. Results. ARTN was overexpressed in CC tissues relative to normal cervical tissues and linked positively with lymph node metastases (
) and recurrence (
) in CC patients. In vitro, ARTN overexpression promoted the proliferation, invasion, and migration of CC cells. In contrast, the consequences of depleting endogenous ARTN were the opposite. Moreover, overexpression of ARTN increased lung metastasis of CC cells in vivo and shortened the lifespan of mice models. In addition, ARTN overexpression significantly enhanced AKT phosphorylation on Ser473 and mTOR phosphorylation on Ser2448 and promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) cascade. In addition, rapamycin, a selective inhibitor of mTORC1, might rescue the EMT phenotype caused by ARTN. Conclusion. Our findings suggested that ARTN may enhance CC metastasis through the AKT/mTORC1 pathway. ARTN is anticipated to be a novel potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CC metastases.
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Panagiotou E, Syrigos NK, Charpidou A, Kotteas E, Vathiotis IA. CD24: A Novel Target for Cancer Immunotherapy. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12081235. [PMID: 36013184 PMCID: PMC9409925 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12081235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 24 (CD24) is a small, highly glycosylated cell adhesion protein that is normally expressed by immune as well as epithelial, neural, and muscle cells. Tumor CD24 expression has been linked with alterations in several oncogenic signaling pathways. In addition, the CD24/Siglec-10 interaction has been implicated in tumor immune evasion, inhibiting macrophage-mediated phagocytosis as well as natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity. CD24 blockade has shown promising results in preclinical studies. Although there are limited data on efficacy, monoclonal antibodies against CD24 have demonstrated clinical safety and tolerability in two clinical trials. Other treatment modalities evaluated in the preclinical setting include antibody–drug conjugates and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. In this review, we summarize current evidence and future perspectives on CD24 as a potential target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Regner MJ, Wisniewska K, Garcia-Recio S, Thennavan A, Mendez-Giraldez R, Malladi VS, Hawkins G, Parker JS, Perou CM, Bae-Jump VL, Franco HL. A multi-omic single-cell landscape of human gynecologic malignancies. Mol Cell 2021; 81:4924-4941.e10. [PMID: 34739872 PMCID: PMC8642316 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Deconvolution of regulatory mechanisms that drive transcriptional programs in cancer cells is key to understanding tumor biology. Herein, we present matched transcriptome (scRNA-seq) and chromatin accessibility (scATAC-seq) profiles at single-cell resolution from human ovarian and endometrial tumors processed immediately following surgical resection. This dataset reveals the complex cellular heterogeneity of these tumors and enabled us to quantitatively link variation in chromatin accessibility to gene expression. We show that malignant cells acquire previously unannotated regulatory elements to drive hallmark cancer pathways. Moreover, malignant cells from within the same patients show substantial variation in chromatin accessibility linked to transcriptional output, highlighting the importance of intratumoral heterogeneity. Finally, we infer the malignant cell type-specific activity of transcription factors. By defining the regulatory logic of cancer cells, this work reveals an important reliance on oncogenic regulatory elements and highlights the ability of matched scRNA-seq/scATAC-seq to uncover clinically relevant mechanisms of tumorigenesis in gynecologic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Regner
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Kamila Wisniewska
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Susana Garcia-Recio
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Aatish Thennavan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Raul Mendez-Giraldez
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Venkat S. Malladi
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Gabrielle Hawkins
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Joel S. Parker
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Charles M. Perou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Victoria L. Bae-Jump
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Division of Gynecology Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Hector L. Franco
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Lead contact.,Correspondence:
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6
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Bi J, Bi F, Pan X, Yang Q. Establishment of a novel glycolysis-related prognostic gene signature for ovarian cancer and its relationships with immune infiltration of the tumor microenvironment. J Transl Med 2021; 19:382. [PMID: 34496868 PMCID: PMC8425093 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glycolysis affects tumor growth, invasion, chemotherapy resistance, and the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we aimed to construct a glycolysis-related prognostic model for ovarian cancer and analyze its relationship with the tumor microenvironment’s immune cell infiltration. Methods We obtained six glycolysis-related gene sets for gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Ovarian cancer data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and two Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were divided into two groups after removing batch effects. We compared the tumor environments' immune components in high-risk and low-risk groups and analyzed the correlation between glycolysis- and immune-related genes. Then, we generated and validated a predictive model for the prognosis of ovarian cancer using the glycolysis-related genes. Results Overall, 27/329 glycolytic genes were associated with survival in ovarian cancer, 8 of which showed predictive value. The tumor cell components in the tumor microenvironment did not differ between the high-risk and low-risk groups; however, the immune score differed significantly between groups. In total, 13/24 immune cell types differed between groups, including 10 T cell types and three other immune cell types. Eight glycolysis-related prognostic genes were related to the expression of multiple immune-related genes at varying degrees, suggesting a relationship between glycolysis and immune response. Conclusions We identified eight glycolysis-related prognostic genes that effectively predicted survival in ovarian cancer. To a certain extent, the newly identified gene signature was related to the tumor microenvironment, especially immune cell infiltration and immune-related gene expression. These findings provide potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-03057-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlei Bi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Fangfang Bi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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7
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Zhuang QS, Sun XB, Chong QY, Banerjee A, Zhang M, Wu ZS, Zhu T, Pandey V, Lobie PE. ARTEMIN Promotes Oncogenicity and Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil in Colorectal Carcinoma by p44/42 MAPK Dependent Expression of CDH2. Front Oncol 2021; 11:712348. [PMID: 34422665 PMCID: PMC8377398 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.712348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ARTEMIN (ARTN), one of the glial-cell derived neurotrophic factor family of ligands, has been reported to be associated with a number of human malignancies. In this study, the enhanced expression of ARTN in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) was observed; the expression of ARTN positively correlated with lymph node metastases and advanced tumor stages and predicted poor prognosis. Forced expression of ARTN in CRC cells enhanced oncogenic behavior, mesenchymal phenotype, stem cell-like properties and tumor growth and metastasis in a xenograft model. These functions were conversely inhibited by depletion of endogenous ARTN. Forced expression of ARTN reduced the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-FU treatment; and 5-FU resistant CRC cells harbored enhanced expression of ARTN. The oncogenic functions of ARTN were demonstrated to be mediated by p44/42 MAP kinase dependent expression of CDH2 (CADHERIN 2, also known as N-CADHERIN). Inhibition of p44/42 MAP kinase activity or siRNA mediated depletion of endogenous CDH2 reduced the enhanced oncogenicity and chemoresistance consequent to forced expression of ARTN induced cell functions; and forced expression of CDH2 rescued the reduced mesenchymal properties and resistance to 5-FU after ARTN depletion. In conclusion, ARTN may be of prognostic and theranostic utility in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Shi Zhuang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin-Bao Sun
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qing-Yun Chong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arindam Banerjee
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zheng-Sheng Wu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Vijay Pandey
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
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8
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Kalaitzopoulos DR, Lempesis IG, Samartzis N, Kolovos G, Dedes I, Daniilidis A, Nirgianakis K, Leeners B, Goulis DG, Samartzis EP. Leptin concentrations in endometriosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 146:103338. [PMID: 34126469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endometriosis is an inflammatory condition, affecting mainly women of reproductive age. Leptin is a regulator of food intake and energy expenditure, posing pleiotropic actions, and regulating immunity and fertility. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature regarding leptin concentrations in biological fluids and tissues of women with endometriosis, and to investigate and propose a possible role of leptin in the pathophysiology of endometriosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search of the literature was conducted in two electronic databases (MEDLINE, COCHRANE) and grey literature for original research articles on humans, published in any language. RESULTS Twenty-nine studies with 1291 women with endometriosis and 1664 controls were included in the systematic review. Peritoneal fluid and follicular fluid leptin concentrations were higher in endometriosis compared with control group [mean difference (MD) 7.10, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 4.76 to 9.44 ng/mL, 18 studies), (MD 1.35, 95 % CI 0.54-2.17 ng/ml, 2 studies) respectively. No differences were evident in serum (MD 0.92, 95 % CI -0.84 to 2.68 ng/mL, 12 studies) or plasma (MD -0.95, 95 % CI -4.63 to 2.72 ng/mL, 3 studies) between the groups. No meta-analysis was conducted for ovarian tissue leptin (2 studies). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis provided evidence for increased leptin concentrations in both peritoneal fluid and follicular fluid of women with endometriosis compared with control; these differences were not present in the serum or plasma. The above results support a potential pathophysiologic role for leptin in the local microenvironment while declines its use as a blood diagnostic marker. Furthermore, we propose a possible role of leptin in the pathophysiology of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioannis G Lempesis
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK; Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Samartzis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Cantonal Hospital Schaffhausen, Geissbergstrasse 81, 8208, Schaffhausen, Switzerland
| | - Georgios Kolovos
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Cantonal Hospital Schaffhausen, Geissbergstrasse 81, 8208, Schaffhausen, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Dedes
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstr. 10, CH 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Angelos Daniilidis
- 2nd University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hippokratio General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Nirgianakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, Friedbühlstrasse 19, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Leeners
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstr. 10, CH 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Pandey V, Zhang M, You M, Zhang W, Chen R, Zhang W, Ma L, Wu ZS, Zhu T, Xu XQ, Lobie PE. Expression of two non-mutated genetic elements is sufficient to stimulate oncogenic transformation of human mammary epithelial cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1147. [PMID: 30451834 PMCID: PMC6242831 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) expression is positively associated with advanced clinicopathological features of mammary carcinoma (MC). Herein, we provide evidence for a functional role of TFF3 in oncogenic transformation of immortalized, but otherwise normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs), namely, HMEC-hTERT, MCF10A, and MCF12A. Forced expression of TFF3 in immortalized-HMECs enhanced cell proliferation, cell survival, anchorage-independent growth, produced highly disorganised three-dimensional (3D) acinar structures and generated tumours in immunocompromised mice. Forced expression of TFF3 in immortalized-HMECs stimulated STAT3 activity that was required for TFF3-stimulated cell proliferation, survival, and anchorage-independent growth. TFF3 specifically utilised STAT3 activity to govern a transcriptional program, which was required for TFF3-stimulated oncogenic transformation of immortalized-HMECs, including transcriptional upregulation of CCND1 and BCL2. siRNA-mediated depletion or functional inhibition of STAT3 significantly inhibited the TFF3-stimulated transcription of CCND1 and BCL2 and oncogenicity in immortalized-HMECs. Furthermore, DOX-inducible expression of TFF3 in HMEC-hTERT cells also permitted anchorage-independent growth and produced disorganized acinar structures in 3D Matrigel culture. Removal of DOX-induced expression of TFF3 in HMEC-hTERT cells, previously grown with DOX, resulted in efficient normalisation of the disorganized acinar architecture and attenuated cell viability in Matrigel culture. Cumulatively, these findings suggest that TFF3 is a potent oncogene and its increased expression along with hTERT in HMECs is sufficient to produce oncogenic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Pandey
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Mingliang You
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Rumei Chen
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lan Ma
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zheng-Sheng Wu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiu Qin Xu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Fujian, PR China.
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China. .,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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10
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Song Z, Yang F, Du H, Li X, Liu J, Dong M, Xu X. Role of artemin in non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2018; 9:555-562. [PMID: 29575549 PMCID: PMC5928368 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, we investigated the role of artemin, a member of the glial cell‐derived neurotrophic factor of ligands, in the malignant phenotype of lung cancer. Methods Artemin expression was examined in various types of lung cancer and normal lung tissues, as well as in lung cancer cell lines by immunohistochemistry and semi‐quantitative PCR. Functional studies were performed using artemin overexpression or knockdown vectors in lung cancer cell lines. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell assays were conducted to evaluate the contribution of artemin on tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Results Artemin is broadly expressed in lung cancer tissues, and is associated with tumor staging. Overexpression of artemin in NL9980 large cell lung cancer cells increased proliferating cells and enhanced migrating capability in wound healing and transwell assays, as well as demonstrating enhanced invasion capability. Silencing artemin in LTEP‐α‐2 adenocarcinoma cell lines decreased cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities. Conclusion Artemin could promote the proliferation and invasiveness of lung cancer cells in vitro and therefore could be a new potential target to combat lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoqing Song
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Du
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinghao Liu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- College of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Acupuncture, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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11
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Fielder GC, Yang TWS, Razdan M, Li Y, Lu J, Perry JK, Lobie PE, Liu DX. The GDNF Family: A Role in Cancer? Neoplasia 2018; 20:99-117. [PMID: 29245123 PMCID: PMC5730419 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family of ligands (GFLs) comprising of GDNF, neurturin, artemin, and persephin plays an important role in the development and maintenance of the central and peripheral nervous system, renal morphogenesis, and spermatogenesis. Here we review our current understanding of GFL biology, and supported by recent progress in the area, we examine their emerging role in endocrine-related and other non-hormone-dependent solid neoplasms. The ability of GFLs to elicit actions that resemble those perturbed in an oncogenic phenotype, alongside mounting evidence of GFL involvement in tumor progression, presents novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahalakshmi Razdan
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yan Li
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jun Lu
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jo K Perry
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Xu Liu
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
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12
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Hezam K, Jiang J, Sun F, Zhang X, Zhang J. Artemin promotes oncogenicity, metastasis and drug resistance in cancer cells. Rev Neurosci 2017; 29:93-98. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2017-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Artemin (ARTN) is a member of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family of ligands, and its signaling is mediated via a multi-component receptor complex including the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored GDNF family receptors a (GFRa1, GFRa3) and RET receptor tyrosine kinase. The major mechanism of ARTN action is via binding to a non-signaling co-receptor. The major function of ARTN is to drive the molecule to induce migration and axonal projection from sympathetic neurons. It also promotes the survival, proliferation and neurite outgrowth of sympathetic neurons in vitro. ARTN triggers oncogenicity and metastasis by the activation of the AKT signaling pathway. Recent studies have reported that the expression of ARTN in hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with increased tumor size, quick relapse and shorter survival. Furthermore, ARTN promotes drug resistance such as antiestrogens, doxorubicin, fulvestrant, paclitaxel, tamoxifen and trastuzumab. Moreover, ARTN also stimulates the radio-therapeutic resistance. This review highlights the proposed roles of ARTN in cancer cells and discusses recent results supporting its emerging role as an oncogenic, metastatic and drug-resisting agent with a special focus on how these new insights may facilitate rational development of ARTN for targeted therapies in the future.
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13
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Pandey V, Zhang M, Chong QY, You M, Raquib AR, Pandey AK, Liu DX, Liu L, Ma L, Jha S, Wu ZS, Zhu T, Lobie PE. Hypomethylation associated enhanced transcription of trefoil factor-3 mediates tamoxifen-stimulated oncogenicity of ER+ endometrial carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:77268-77291. [PMID: 29100386 PMCID: PMC5652779 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TAM) is widely used as an adjuvant therapy for women with breast cancer (BC). However, TAM possesses partial oestrogenic activity in the uterus and its use has been associated with an increased incidence of endometrial carcinoma (EC). The molecular mechanism for these observations is not well understood. Herein, we demonstrated that forced expression of Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), in oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+) EC cells significantly increased cell cycle progression, cell survival, anchorage-independent growth, invasiveness and tumour growth in xenograft models. Clinically, elevated TFF3 protein expression was observed in EC compared with normal endometrial tissue, and its increased expression in EC was significantly associated with myometrial invasion. TAM exposure increased expression of TFF3 in ER+ EC cells and its elevated expression resulted in increased oncogenicity and invasiveness. TAM-stimulated expression of TFF3 in EC cells was associated with hypomethylation of the TFF3 promoter sequence and c-JUN/SP1-dependent transcriptional activation. In addition, small interfering (si) RNA-mediated depletion or polyclonal antibody inhibition of TFF3 significantly abrogated oncogenicity and invasiveness in EC cells consequent to TAM induction or forced expression of TFF3. Hence, TAM-stimulated upregulation of TFF3 in EC cells was critical in promoting EC progression associated with TAM treatment. Importantly, inhibition of TFF3 function might be an attractive molecular modality to abrogate the stimulatory effects of TAM on endometrial tissue and to limit the progression of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Pandey
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Min Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Yun Chong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mingliang You
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Amit K Pandey
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dong-Xu Liu
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R China.,Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R China
| | - Lan Ma
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Division of Life Sciences & Health, Tsinghua University Graduate School, Shenzhen, P.R China
| | - Sudhakar Jha
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zheng-Sheng Wu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Division of Life Sciences & Health, Tsinghua University Graduate School, Shenzhen, P.R China
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14
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Ding K, Yuan Y, Chong QY, Yang Y, Li R, Li X, Kong X, Qian P, Xiong Z, Pandey V, Ma L, Wu Z, Lobie PE, Zhu T. Autocrine Prolactin Stimulates Endometrial Carcinoma Growth and Metastasis and Reduces Sensitivity to Chemotherapy. Endocrinology 2017; 158:1595-1611. [PMID: 28204229 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Advanced and recurrent endometrial carcinoma (EC) exhibits a poor response to chemotherapy and low survival rates. It has been previously reported that human prolactin (hPRL) is upregulated in endometrial cancer and is associated with worse survival outcomes. We provide evidence for the functional role of hPRL in EC progression. We generated a model for the study of autocrine hPRL-mediated cell functional effects through the forced expression of hPRL in human EC cells. Autocrine hPRL expression stimulated cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, migration, and invasion of EC cells and promoted tumor growth, local invasion, and metastatic colonization in xenograft models. In addition, forced expression of hPRL decreased sensitivity of EC cells to chemotherapeutic drugs (i.e., doxorubicin and paclitaxel), both in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, small interfering RNA-mediated depletion of hPRL significantly reduced oncogenicity and enhanced the chemosensitivity of EC cells. As CD24 is hPRL-regulated and has been implicated in drug resistance in EC, we further showed that CD24 is a critical mediator of hPRL-stimulated reduced sensitivity to doxorubicin and paclitaxel in EC cells. Therefore, inhibition of hPRL signaling is a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of late-stage EC, which can be used in combination with chemotherapy to improve the chemotherapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshuo Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Qing-Yun Chong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599
| | - Yulu Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Rui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Xiaoni Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Xiangjun Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Zirui Xiong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Vijay Pandey
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599
| | - Lan Ma
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Division of Life Sciences and Health, Tsinghua University Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhengsheng Wu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Division of Life Sciences and Health, Tsinghua University Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
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15
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Stott SRW, Hayat S, Carnwath T, Garas S, Sleeman JP, Barker RA. CD24 expression does not affect dopamine neuronal survival in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171748. [PMID: 28182766 PMCID: PMC5300212 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition that is characterised by the loss of specific populations of neurons in the brain. The mechanisms underlying this selective cell death are unknown but by using laser capture microdissection, the glycoprotein, CD24 has been identified as a potential marker of the populations of cells that are affected in PD. Using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry on sections of mouse brain, we confirmed that CD24 is robustly expressed by many of these subsets of cells. To determine if CD24 may have a functional role in PD, we modelled the dopamine cell loss of PD in Cd24 mutant mice using striatal delivery of the neurotoxin 6-OHDA. We found that Cd24 mutant mice have an anatomically normal dopamine system and that this glycoprotein does not modulate the lesion effects of 6-OHDA delivered into the striatum. We then undertook in situ hybridization studies on sections of human brain and found-as in the mouse brain-that CD24 is expressed by many of the subsets of the cells that are vulnerable in PD, but not those of the midbrain dopamine system. Finally, we sought to determine if CD24 is required for the neuroprotective effect of Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on the dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway. Our results indicate that in the absence of CD24, there is a reduction in the protective effects of GDNF on the dopaminergic fibres in the striatum, but no difference in the survival of the cell bodies in the midbrain. While we found no obvious role for CD24 in the normal development and maintenance of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system in mice, it may have a role in mediating the neuroprotective aspects of GDNF in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon R. W Stott
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, E.D. Adrian Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, England
- * E-mail:
| | - Shaista Hayat
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, E.D. Adrian Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, England
| | - Tom Carnwath
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, E.D. Adrian Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, England
| | - Shaady Garas
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, E.D. Adrian Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, England
| | - Jonathan P. Sleeman
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Roger A. Barker
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, E.D. Adrian Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, England
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, England
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16
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Yuan Z, Chen D, Chen X, Yang H, Wei Y. Overexpression of trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) contributes to the malignant progression in cervical cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:7. [PMID: 28070169 PMCID: PMC5216547 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-016-0379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There remains a great need for effective therapies for cervical cancers, the majority of which are aggressive leaving patients with poor prognosis. Methods and results Here, we identify a novel candidate therapeutic target, trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) which overexpressed in cervical cancer cells and was associated with reduced postoperative survival. Functional studies demonstrated that TFF3 overexpression promoted the proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer cells, and inhibited the apoptosis by inducing the mRNA changes in SiHa and Hela cell lines. Conversely, TFF3 silencing disrupted the proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer cells, and induced the apoptosis via Click-iT EdU test, flow cytometry analysis and two-dimensional Matrigel Transwell analysis. Western blot analysis showed that overexpression of TFF3 repressed E-cadherin (CDH1) expression to promote the invasion of cervical cancer cells. Furthermore, down-regulated CDH1 via overexpression of TFF3 was significantly up-regulated by virtue of inhibitor of p-STAT3. Conclusions These results suggested that TFF3 stimulated the invasion of cervical cancer cells probably by activating the STAT3/CDH1 signaling pathway. Furthermore, overexpression of TFF3 decreased the sensitivity of cervical cancer cells to etoposide by increasing P-glycoprotein (P-gp) functional activity. Overall, our work provides a preclinical proof that TFF3 not only contributes to the malignant progression of cervical cancers and but also is a potential therapeutic target. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12935-016-0379-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohu Yuan
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180 Guangdong Province China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180 China
| | - Xiaojie Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180 Guangdong Province China
| | - Huikuan Yang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180 Guangdong Province China
| | - Yaming Wei
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180 Guangdong Province China
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17
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Sebastian A, Pandey V, Mohan CD, Chia YT, Rangappa S, Mathai J, Baburajeev CP, Paricharak S, Mervin LH, Bulusu KC, Fuchs JE, Bender A, Yamada S, Lobie PE, Rangappa KS. Novel Adamantanyl-Based Thiadiazolyl Pyrazoles Targeting EGFR in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2016; 1:1412-1424. [PMID: 30023509 PMCID: PMC6044684 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a validated therapeutic target for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In the present study, we synthesize novel adamantanyl-based thiadiazolyl pyrazoles by introducing the adamantane ring to thiazolopyrazoline. On the basis of loss of cell viability in TNBC cells, 4-(adamantan-1-yl)-2-(3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)thiazole (APP) was identified as a lead compound. Using a Parzen-Rosenblatt Window classifier, APP was predicted to target the EGFR protein, and the same was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance. Further analysis revealed that APP suppressed the phosphorylation of EGFR at Y992, Y1045, Y1068, Y1086, Y1148, and Y1173 in TNBC cells. APP also inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK at Y204 and of STAT3 at Y705, implying that APP downregulates the activity of EGFR downstream effectors. Small interfering RNA mediated depletion of EGFR expression prevented the effect of APP in BT549 and MDA-MB-231 cells, indicating that APP specifically targets the EGFR. Furthermore, APP modulated the expression of the proteins involved in cell proliferation and survival. In addition, APP altered the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition related proteins and suppressed the invasion of TNBC cells. Hence, we report a novel and specific inhibitor of the EGFR signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Sebastian
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bangalore University, Central College campus, Palace Road, Bangalore560001, India
| | - Vijay Pandey
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive #11-02, MD6, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya Mohan
- Department of Studies in Chemistry and Department of Studies in Molecular
Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India
| | - Yi Ting Chia
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive #11-02, MD6, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Shobith Rangappa
- Frontier
Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan
| | - Jessin Mathai
- Centre
for Advanced Biomedical Research and Innovation, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates
| | - C. P. Baburajeev
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bangalore University, Central College campus, Palace Road, Bangalore560001, India
| | - Shardul Paricharak
- Department
of Chemistry, Centre for Molecular Informatics, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, P.O.
Box 9502, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Lewis H. Mervin
- Department
of Chemistry, Centre for Molecular Informatics, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Krishna C. Bulusu
- Department
of Chemistry, Centre for Molecular Informatics, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Julian E. Fuchs
- Department
of Chemistry, Centre for Molecular Informatics, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Andreas Bender
- Department
of Chemistry, Centre for Molecular Informatics, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Shuhei Yamada
- Department
of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoyo 468-8503, Japan
| | - Peter E. Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive #11-02, MD6, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Kanchugarakoppal S. Rangappa
- Department of Studies in Chemistry and Department of Studies in Molecular
Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India
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18
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Gao F, Pan S, Liu B, Zhang H. TFF3 knockout in human pituitary adenoma cell HP75 facilitates cell apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:14568-14573. [PMID: 26823779 PMCID: PMC4713565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), a regulatory protein composed of 59 amino acids, has been suggested to be involved in pathogenesis, proliferation, differentiation, invasion, migration and apoptosis in multiple malignant tumors. This study thus investigated the effect of TFF3 knockout in human pituitary adenoma cell line HP75 on cell apoptosis and related pathways. RNA interference approach was used to knock down the expression of TFF3 protein. The gene silencing was validated by RNA denaturing gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. The effect of TFF3 knockout on cell apoptosis was analyzed by Western blotting and flow cytometry. TFF3 protein level in pituitary adenoma was about 3.61 ± 0.48 folds of that in normal tissues (P < 0.01). After transfecting with small interference RNA (siRNA) against TFF3, the apoptotic ration was significantly elevated (P < 0.01). Apoptosis related protein Bcl-2 and caspase-3 levels were remarkably depressed after siRNA transfection, while Bax and cleaved caspase-3 levels were elevated. TFF3 protein knockout can facilitate apoptosis of human pituitary adenoma HP75 cells via mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, People’s Hospital of Anqiu CityAnqiu 262100, Shandong, China
| | - Suxia Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, People’s Hospital of Anqiu CityAnqiu 262100, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang 261031, Shandong, China
| | - Huanzhi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, People’s Hospital of Anqiu CityAnqiu 262100, Shandong, China
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19
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Ono YJ, Tanabe A, Tanaka T, Tanaka Y, Hayashi M, Terai Y, Ohmichi M. Met Signaling Cascade Is Amplified by the Recruitment of Phosphorylated Met to Lipid Rafts via CD24 and Leads to Drug Resistance in Endometrial Cancer Cell Lines. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:2353-63. [PMID: 26227486 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most prevalent gynecologic cancer in the Western world, and the number of advanced chemotherapy-resistant cancers is increasing with the absolute increase in patients. The development of resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs by cancer cells represents a major challenge in the clinical cure of advanced and metastatic cancers. CD24 has been reported to be a marker for a poor prognosis in several tumors, and we herein examined the functions of CD24 in human endometrioid adenocarcinoma cell lines and evaluated how it contributes to cancer drug resistance. We demonstrated that CD24 was responsible for the recruitment of phosphorylated Met to the lipid raft domain of the cell membrane, resulting in amplification of the Met signaling cascade, ultimately leading endometrial cancer cells to express higher levels of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Our findings suggest that CD24-mediated amplification of the Met cascade may contribute to the drug resistance of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akiko Tanabe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohito Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masami Hayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshito Terai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahide Ohmichi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
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20
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the neurotrophic factor Artemin on neuroplasticity and perineural invasion of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. METHODS Artemin expressions were detected in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Artemin overexpression and RNA interference in the pancreatic cancer cell lines were performed to evaluate the effects of Artemin on cell proliferation, invasion, and neurotrophic activity in vitro and in nude orthotopic transplantation tumor models. RESULTS Artemin expression in pancreatic cancer tissues was related to the incidence of lymphatic metastasis and perineural invasion as well as the mean density and total area of nerve fibers. Overexpression of Artemin in pancreatic cancer cell lines improved colony formation, cell migration, matrigel invasion, and neurotrophic activity in vitro. This overexpression also increased the volume of nude orthotopic transplantation tumors; promoted cancer cell invasion of the peripheral organs, nerves, vessels, and lymph nodes; and stimulated the proliferation of peritumoral nerve fibers. Artemin depletion by RNA interference had an inhibitory effect mentioned previously. CONCLUSIONS Artemin could promote invasiveness and neurotrophic function of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, Artemin could be used as a new therapeutic target of pancreatic carcinoma.
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21
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Mohan CD, Bharathkumar H, Bulusu KC, Pandey V, Rangappa S, Fuchs JE, Shanmugam MK, Dai X, Li F, Deivasigamani A, Hui KM, Kumar AP, Lobie PE, Bender A, Basappa, Sethi G, Rangappa KS. Development of a novel azaspirane that targets the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:34296-307. [PMID: 25320076 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.601104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor that regulates genes involved in cell growth, proliferation, and survival, and given its association with many types of cancers, it has recently emerged as a promising target for therapy. In this work, we present the synthesis of N-substituted azaspirane derivatives and their biological evaluation against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells (IC50 = 7.3 μm), thereby identifying 2-(1-(4-(2-cyanophenyl)1-benzyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-5-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-1-oxa-3-azaspiro(5,5) undecane (CIMO) as a potent inhibitor of the JAK-STAT pathway with selectivity over normal LO2 cells (IC50 > 100 μm). The lead compound, CIMO, suppresses proliferation of HCC cells and achieves this effect by reducing both constitutive and inducible phosphorylation of JAK1, JAK2, and STAT3. Interestingly, CIMO displayed inhibition of Tyr-705 phosphorylation, which is required for nuclear translocation of STAT3, but it has no effect on Ser-727 phosphorylation. CIMO accumulates cancer cells in the sub-G1 phase and decreases STAT3 in the nucleus and thereby causes down-regulation of genes regulated via STAT3. Suppression of STAT3 phosphorylation by CIMO and knockdown of STAT3 mRNA using siRNA transfection displayed a similar effect on the viability of HCC cells. Furthermore, CIMO significantly decreased the tumor development in an orthotopic HCC mouse model through the modulation of phospho-STAT3, Ki-67, and cleaved caspase-3 in tumor tissues. Thus, CIMO represents a chemically novel and biologically in vitro and in vivo validated compound, which targets the JAK-STAT pathway as a potential cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanumantharayappa Bharathkumar
- the Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bangalore University, Central College Campus, Palace Road, Bangalore 560001, India
| | - Krishna C Bulusu
- the Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Vijay Pandey
- the Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599
| | - Shobith Rangappa
- the Frontier Research Center for Post-genome Science and Technology Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Julian E Fuchs
- the Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Muthu K Shanmugam
- the Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore, and
| | - Xiaoyun Dai
- the Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore, and
| | - Feng Li
- the Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore, and
| | - Amudha Deivasigamani
- the Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Kam M Hui
- the Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- the Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, the Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore, and
| | - Peter E Lobie
- the Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, the Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore, and
| | - Andreas Bender
- the Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Basappa
- the Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bangalore University, Central College Campus, Palace Road, Bangalore 560001, India,
| | - Gautam Sethi
- the Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore, and
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22
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Pandey V, Wu ZS, Zhang M, Li R, Zhang J, Zhu T, Lobie PE. Trefoil factor 3 promotes metastatic seeding and predicts poor survival outcome of patients with mammary carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 16:429. [PMID: 25266665 PMCID: PMC4303111 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-014-0429-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recurrence or early metastasis remains the predominant cause of mortality in patients with estrogen receptor positive (ER+) mammary carcinoma (MC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the initial progression of ER+ MC to metastasis remains poorly understood. Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) is an estrogen-responsive oncogene in MC. Herein, we provide evidence for a functional role of TFF3 in metastatic progression of ER+ MC. Methods The association of TFF3 expression with clinicopathological parameters and survival outcome in a cohort of MC patients was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The expression of TFF3 in MCF7 and T47D cells was modulated by forced expression or siRNA-mediated depletion of TFF3. mRNA and protein levels were determined using qPCR and western blot. The functional effect of modulation of TFF3 expression in MC cells was determined in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic analyses were performed using reporter constructs, modulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression, and pharmacological inhibitors against c-SRC and STAT3 activity. Results TFF3 protein expression was positively associated with larger tumour size, lymph node metastasis, higher stage, and poor survival outcome. Forced expression of TFF3 in ER+ MC cells stimulated colony scattering, cell adhesion to a Collagen I-coated matrix, colony formation on a Collagen I- or Matrigel-coated matrix, endothelial cell adhesion, and transmigration through an endothelial cell barrier. In vivo, forced expression of TFF3 in MCF7 cells stimulated the formation of metastatic nodules in animal lungs. TFF3 regulation of the mRNA levels of epithelial, mesenchymal, and metastatic-related genes in ER+ MC cells were consistent with the altered cell behaviour. Forced expression of TFF3 in ER+ MC cells stimulated phosphorylation of c-SRC that subsequently increased STAT3 activity, which lead to the downregulation of E-cadherin. siRNA-mediated depletion of TFF3 reduced the invasiveness of ER+ MC cells. Conclusions TFF3 expression predicts metastasis and poor survival outcome of patients with MC and functionally stimulates cellular invasion and metastasis of ER+ MC cells. Adjuvant functional inhibition of TFF3 may therefore be considered to ameliorate outcome of ER+ MC patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-014-0429-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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23
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Shin EM, Hay HS, Lee MH, Goh JN, Tan TZ, Sen YP, Lim SW, Yousef EM, Ong HT, Thike AA, Kong X, Wu Z, Mendoz E, Sun W, Salto-Tellez M, Lim CT, Lobie PE, Lim YP, Yap CT, Zeng Q, Sethi G, Lee MB, Tan P, Goh BC, Miller LD, Thiery JP, Zhu T, Gaboury L, Tan PH, Hui KM, Yip GWC, Miyamoto S, Kumar AP, Tergaonkar V. DEAD-box helicase DP103 defines metastatic potential of human breast cancers. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:3807-24. [PMID: 25083991 DOI: 10.1172/jci73451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advancement in breast cancer treatment, 30% of patients with early breast cancers experience relapse with distant metastasis. It is a challenge to identify patients at risk for relapse; therefore, the identification of markers and therapeutic targets for metastatic breast cancers is imperative. Here, we identified DP103 as a biomarker and metastasis-driving oncogene in human breast cancers and determined that DP103 elevates matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) levels, which are associated with metastasis and invasion through activation of NF-κB. In turn, NF-κB signaling positively activated DP103 expression. Furthermore, DP103 enhanced TGF-β-activated kinase-1 (TAK1) phosphorylation of NF-κB-activating IκB kinase 2 (IKK2), leading to increased NF-κB activity. Reduction of DP103 expression in invasive breast cancer cells reduced phosphorylation of IKK2, abrogated NF-κB-mediated MMP9 expression, and impeded metastasis in a murine xenograft model. In breast cancer patient tissues, elevated levels of DP103 correlated with enhanced MMP9, reduced overall survival, and reduced survival after relapse. Together, these data indicate that a positive DP103/NF-κB feedback loop promotes constitutive NF-κB activation in invasive breast cancers and activation of this pathway is linked to cancer progression and the acquisition of chemotherapy resistance. Furthermore, our results suggest that DP103 has potential as a therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.
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24
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Gao C, Cheng X, Li X, Tong B, Wu K, Liu Y. Prognostic significance of artemin and GFRα1 expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:818-822. [PMID: 25120606 PMCID: PMC4113528 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemin (ARTN) has been implicated in the development and progression of several human malignancies. However, the clinical and prognostic significance of ARTN and its receptors has not yet been investigated in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Therefore, in the present study, the protein expression of ARTN and its receptor, namely GFRα1, was determined in 76 LSCC and 26 laryngeal polyp tissue samples using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of ARTN and GFRα1 expression was analyzed in patients with LSCC. The results revealed that the expression of ARTN and GFRα1 was significantly increased in LSCC compared with polyp tissue samples. Furthermore, the expression of ARTN and GFRα1 was positively associated with pTNM stage in LSCC. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses revealed a strong association between the expression of ARTN or GFRα1 and the survival of patients with LSCC. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the expression of ARTN was significantly correlated with the expression GFRα1. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that ARTN and GFRα1 may be useful predictors of disease progression and outcome in patients with LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaobing Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Xingwang Cheng
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Busheng Tong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Kaile Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Yehai Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
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25
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Ding K, Banerjee A, Tan S, Zhao J, Zhuang Q, Li R, Qian P, Liu S, Wu ZS, Lobie PE, Zhu T. Artemin, a member of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family of ligands, is HER2-regulated and mediates acquired trastuzumab resistance by promoting cancer stem cell-like behavior in mammary carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:16057-71. [PMID: 24737320 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.529552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that Artemin (ARTN) functions as a cancer stem cell (CSC) and metastatic factor in mammary carcinoma. Herein, we report that ARTN mediates acquired resistance to trastuzumab in HER2-positive mammary carcinoma cells. Ligands that increase HER2 activity increased ARTN expression in HER2-positive mammary carcinoma cells, whereas trastuzumab inhibited ARTN expression. Forced expression of ARTN decreased the sensitivity of HER2-positive mammary carcinoma cells to trastuzumab both in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, siRNA-mediated depletion of ARTN enhanced trastuzumab efficacy. Cells with acquired resistance to trastuzumab exhibited increased ARTN expression, the depletion of which restored trastuzumab sensitivity. Trastuzumab resistance produced an increased CSC population concomitant with enhanced mammospheric growth. ARTN mediated the enhancement of the CSC population by increased BCL-2 expression, and the CSC population in trastuzumab-resistant cells was abrogated upon inhibition of BCL-2. Hence, we conclude that ARTN is one mediator of acquired resistance to trastuzumab in HER2-positive mammary carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshuo Ding
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Arindam Banerjee
- the Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, and
| | - Sheng Tan
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - JunSong Zhao
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhuang
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Suling Liu
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Sheng Wu
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China, the Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China, the Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Yangpu, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter E Lobie
- the Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, and the National Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore 119074
| | - Tao Zhu
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China,
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26
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Wu ZS, Pandey V, Wu WY, Ye S, Zhu T, Lobie PE. Prognostic significance of the expression of GFRα1, GFRα3 and syndecan-3, proteins binding ARTEMIN, in mammary carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:34. [PMID: 23351331 PMCID: PMC3562211 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artemin (ARTN) has been implicated in promoting oncogenicity, tumor growth and invasiveness in diverse human malignancies. However, the clinical and prognostic significance of upstream ligand binding components, potentially mediating ARTN oncogenicity, largely remain to be determined. METHODS We determined the mRNA and protein expression of three proteins demonstrated to bind ARTN, namely GFRα1, GFRα3 and syndecan-3 (SDC3), in benign breast disease and mammary carcinoma by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Their prognostic significance combined with ARTN expression was also investigated in mammary carcinoma. RESULTS The expression of GFRα1 and GFRα3, but not SDC3, was significantly increased in mammary carcinoma and positively associated with tumor lymph node metastases, higher clinical stage and HER-2 positivity. Moreover, both GFRα1 and GFRα3 expression were significantly associated with survival outcome of patients with mammary carcinoma by univariate and multivariate analyses, whereas expression of SDC3 was not. Co-expression of ARTN with either GFRα1 or GFRα3, but not SDC3, produced synergistic increases in the odds ratio for both relapse-free and overall survival in patients with mammary carcinoma. Furthermore, significant association of GFRα1 and GFRα3 expression with survival outcome observed herein were restricted to ER negative or HER-2 negative mammary carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS The expression of GFRα1 and/or GFRα3, especially when combined with ARTN expression, may be useful predictors of disease progression and outcome in specific subtypes of mammary carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Sheng Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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27
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Banerjee A, Wu ZS, Qian PX, Kang J, Liu DX, Zhu T, Lobie PE. ARTEMIN promotes de novo angiogenesis in ER negative mammary carcinoma through activation of TWIST1-VEGF-A signalling. PLoS One 2012. [PMID: 23185544 PMCID: PMC3503764 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotrophic factor ARTEMIN (ARTN) has been reported to possess a role in mammary carcinoma progression and metastasis. Herein, we report that ARTN modulates endothelial cell behaviour and promotes angiogenesis in ER-mammary carcinoma (ER-MC). Human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) do not express ARTN but respond to exogenously added, and paracrine ARTN secreted by ER-MC cells. ARTN promoted endothelial cell proliferation, migration, invasion and 3D matrigel tube formation. Angiogenic behaviour promoted by ARTN secreted by ER-MC cells was mediated by AKT with resultant increased TWIST1 and subsequently VEGF-A expression. In a patient cohort of ER-MC, ARTN positively correlated with VEGF-A expression as measured by Spearman’s rank correlation analysis. In xenograft experiments, ER-MC cells with forced expression of ARTN produced tumors with increased VEGF-A expression and increased microvessel density (CD31 and CD34) compared to tumors formed by control cells. Functional inhibition of ARTN by siRNA decreased the angiogenic effects of ER-MC cells. Bevacizumab (a humanized monoclonal anti-VEGF-A antibody) partially inhibited the ARTN mediated angiogenic effects of ER-MC cells and combined inhibition of ARTN and VEGF-A by the same resulted in further significant decrease in the angiogenic effects of ER-MC cells. Thus, ARTN stimulates de novo tumor angiogenesis mediated in part by VEGF-A. ARTN therefore co-ordinately regulates multiple aspects of tumor growth and metastasis.
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MESH Headings
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Bevacizumab
- Breast Neoplasms/blood supply
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neovascularization, Pathologic
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Twist-Related Protein 1/genetics
- Twist-Related Protein 1/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Banerjee
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zheng-Sheng Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng-Xu Qian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Kang
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Dong-Xu Liu
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tao Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (PEL); (TZ)
| | - Peter E. Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail: (PEL); (TZ)
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28
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Banerjee A, Qian P, Wu ZS, Ren X, Steiner M, Bougen NM, Liu S, Liu DX, Zhu T, Lobie PE. Artemin stimulates radio- and chemo-resistance by promoting TWIST1-BCL-2-dependent cancer stem cell-like behavior in mammary carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:42502-15. [PMID: 23095743 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.365163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemin (ARTN) has been reported to promote a TWIST1-dependent epithelial to mesenchymal transition of estrogen receptor negative mammary carcinoma (ER-MC) cells associated with metastasis and poor survival outcome. We therefore examined a potential role of ARTN in the promotion of the cancer stem cell (CSC)-like phenotype in mammary carcinoma cells. Acquired resistance of ER-MC cells to either ionizing radiation (IR) or paclitaxel was accompanied by increased ARTN expression. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated depletion of ARTN in either IR- or paclitaxel-resistant ER-MC cells restored cell sensitivity to IR or paclitaxel. Expression of ARTN was enriched in ER-MC cells grown in mammospheric compared with monolayer culture and was also enriched along with BMI1, TWIST1, and DVL1 in mammospheric and ALDH1+ populations. ARTN promoted mammospheric growth and self-renewal of ER-MC cells and increased the ALDH1+ population, whereas siRNA-mediated depletion of ARTN diminished these CSC-like cell behaviors. Furthermore, increased ARTN expression was significantly correlated with ALDH1 expression in a cohort of ER-MC patients. Forced expression of ARTN also dramatically enhanced tumor initiating capacity of ER-MC cells in xenograft models at low inoculum. ARTN promotion of the CSC-like cell phenotype was mediated by TWIST1 regulation of BCL-2 expression. ARTN also enhanced mammosphere formation and the ALDH1+ population in estrogen receptor-positive mammary carcinoma (ER+MC) cells. Increased expression of ARTN and the functional consequences thereof may be one common adaptive mechanism used by mammary carcinoma cells to promote cell survival and renewal in hostile tumor microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Banerjee
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
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29
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Xun G, Guo F, Li Z, Zhou Q. [Research advances of artemin]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2011; 14:790-800. [PMID: 22008109 PMCID: PMC5999941 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2011.10.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangsu Xun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
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