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Italia M, Wertheim KY, Taschner-Mandl S, Walker D, Dercole F. Mathematical Model of Clonal Evolution Proposes a Personalised Multi-Modal Therapy for High-Risk Neuroblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15071986. [PMID: 37046647 PMCID: PMC10093626 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid tumour in children. Despite multi-modal therapy, over half of the high-risk patients will succumb. One contributing factor is the one-size-fits-all nature of multi-modal therapy. For example, during the first step (induction chemotherapy), the standard regimen (rapid COJEC) administers fixed doses of chemotherapeutic agents in eight two-week cycles. Perhaps because of differences in resistance, this standard regimen results in highly heterogeneous outcomes in different tumours. In this study, we formulated a mathematical model comprising ordinary differential equations. The equations describe the clonal evolution within a neuroblastoma tumour being treated with vincristine and cyclophosphamide, which are used in the rapid COJEC regimen, including genetically conferred and phenotypic drug resistance. The equations also describe the agents’ pharmacokinetics. We devised an optimisation algorithm to find the best chemotherapy schedules for tumours with different pre-treatment clonal compositions. The optimised chemotherapy schedules exploit the cytotoxic difference between the two drugs and intra-tumoural clonal competition to shrink the tumours as much as possible during induction chemotherapy and before surgical removal. They indicate that induction chemotherapy can be improved by finding and using personalised schedules. More broadly, we propose that the overall multi-modal therapy can be enhanced by employing targeted therapies against the mutations and oncogenic pathways enriched and activated by the chemotherapeutic agents. To translate the proposed personalised multi-modal therapy into clinical use, patient-specific model calibration and treatment optimisation are necessary. This entails a decision support system informed by emerging medical technologies such as multi-region sequencing and liquid biopsies. The results and tools presented in this paper could be the foundation of this decision support system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Italia
- Department of Electronic, Information, and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Kenneth Y. Wertheim
- Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Centre of Excellence for Data Science, Artificial Intelligence, and Modelling, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, UK
- School of Computer Science, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, UK
| | | | - Dawn Walker
- Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Fabio Dercole
- Department of Electronic, Information, and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
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2
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Wang B, Li D, Cherkasova V, Gerasymchuk M, Narendran A, Kovalchuk I, Kovalchuk O. Cannabinol Inhibits Cellular Proliferation, Invasion, and Angiogenesis of Neuroblastoma via Novel miR-34a/tRiMetF31/PFKFB3 Axis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081908. [PMID: 35454815 PMCID: PMC9027424 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The prognosis of high-risk neuroblastoma is poor due to its high relapse rate. To date, no effective treatment for this disease has been developed. In this study, we utilized two neuroblastoma cell lines (IMR-5 and SK-N-AS) as a model system to explore the effects of cannabinol (CBN) on neuroblastoma and elucidate the potential mechanisms of action. We reveal an inhibitory role of CBN on neuroblastoma cell proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis through miR-34a-mediated targeting. We identified 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) as a direct target of a novel 31 nt tRNAiMet fragment tRiMetF31 generated from miR-34a-guided cleavage, highlighting the crucial role of the miR-34a/tRiMetF31/PFKFB3 axis in CBN-mediated suppression in neuroblastoma biology. Abstract High-risk neuroblastoma is an aggressive pediatric tumor. Despite great advances in neuroblastoma therapy and supportive care protocols, no curative treatment is available for most patients with this disease. Here, we uncover that CBN attenuated the cell proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis of neuroblastoma cell lines in a dose-dependent manner via the inhibition of the AKT pathway and the upregulation of miR-34a that targets E2F1. Both miR-34a and a 31-nt tRNAiMet fragment (tRiMetF31) derived from miR-34a-guided cleavage were downregulated in 4 examined neuroblastoma cell lines inversely correlated with the levels of its direct target, the PFKFB3 protein. Moreover, ectopic tRiMetF31 suppressed proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis in the studied neuroblastoma cell lines. Conversely, tRiMetF31 knockdown promoted PFKFB3 expression, resulting in enhanced angiogenesis. Our findings reveal a suppressive role of CBN in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis, highlighting a novel and crucial miR-34a tumor suppressor network in CBN’s antineuroblastoma actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K3M4, Canada; (B.W.); (D.L.); (V.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Dongping Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K3M4, Canada; (B.W.); (D.L.); (V.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Viktoriia Cherkasova
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K3M4, Canada; (B.W.); (D.L.); (V.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Marta Gerasymchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K3M4, Canada; (B.W.); (D.L.); (V.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Aru Narendran
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada;
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K3M4, Canada; (B.W.); (D.L.); (V.C.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: (I.K.); (O.K.)
| | - Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K3M4, Canada; (B.W.); (D.L.); (V.C.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: (I.K.); (O.K.)
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Kaswan P, Oswal P, Kumar A, Mohan Srivastava C, Vaya D, Rawat V, Nayan Sharma K, Kumar Rao G. SNS donors as mimic to enzymes, chemosensors, and imaging agents. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.109140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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4
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Zeng H, Yang H, Song Y, Fang D, Chen L, Zhao Z, Wang C, Xie S. Transcriptional inhibition by CDK7/9 inhibitor SNS-032 suppresses tumor growth and metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1048. [PMID: 34741018 PMCID: PMC8571299 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04344-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is one of most lethal causes that confer a poor prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), whereas there is no available target drug for metastatic ESCC currently. In this study, we aimed to determine whether the transcriptional inhibition by CDK7/9 inhibitor SNS-032 is activity against ESCC. MTT and soft agar assays were performed to examine the influence of SNS-032 on ESCC growth in vitro. Tumor xenograft in nude mice was used to assess the antitumor activity of SNS-032 in vivo. The roles of SNS-032 in ESCC metastasis were conducted by wound healing and transwell assays in vitro, and by a lung and a popliteal lymph node metastasis model in vivo. The results showed that CDK7 and CDK9 were highly expressed in ESCC cells; SNS-032 effectively inhibited cellular viability, abrogated anchorage-independent growth, and potentiated the sensitivity to cisplatin in ESCC cells in vitro and in vivo. In addition, SNS-032 induced a mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis of ESCC cells by reducing Mcl-1 transcription. SNS-032 also potently abrogated the abilities of ESCC cell migration and invasion through transcriptional downregulation of MMP-1. Importantly, SNS-032 remarkably inhibited the growth of ESCC xenograft, increased the overall survival, as well as diminished the lung and lymph node metastasis in nude mice. Taken together, our findings highlight that the CDK7/9 inhibitor SNS-032 is a promising therapeutic agent, and warrants a clinical trial for its efficacy in ESCC patients, even those with metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huishan Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Avenue, 475004, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Huiru Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Avenue, 475004, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Yifan Song
- The Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, N. Jinming Avenue, 475004, Kaifeng, China
| | - Dong Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Avenue, 475004, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Liang Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, N. Jinming Avenue, 475004, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Zhijun Zhao
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Luohe Medical College, 462000, Luohe, China
| | - Chaojie Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, N. Jinming Avenue, 475004, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Songqiang Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Avenue, 475004, Kaifeng, Henan, China.
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Ma H, Dean DC, Wei R, Hornicek FJ, Duan Z. Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) is an emerging prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in osteosarcoma. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2021; 13:1759720X21995069. [PMID: 34104229 PMCID: PMC8164556 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x21995069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Overexpression of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) is a well-known pathogenic feature of various malignancies and a sign of a more dismal prognosis. As relatively little is known about CDK7 in osteosarcoma, we elected to evaluate its expression, prognostic value, and function. Methods: We began by analyzing the publicly available data sets on CDK7 expression, including RNA sequencing data from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments on Osteosarcoma (TARGET-OS) and the Gene Expression database of Normal and Tumor tissues 2 (GENT2). The correlation between patient tissue CDK7 expression and their clinicopathological features and prognosis was assessed via immunohistochemical staining of a unique tissue microarray constructed from osteosarcoma specimens. Furthermore, we analyzed CDK7 expression in osteosarcoma cell lines and tissues by Western blot. CDK7-specific siRNA and a highly-selective CDK7 inhibitor, BS-181, were applied to determine the function of CDK7 on osteosarcoma cell growth and proliferation. In addition, the effect of CDK7 inhibition on clonogenicity was evaluated using a clonogenic assay, and a 3D cell culture model was used to mimic CDK7 effects in an in vivo environment. Results: Our results demonstrate that higher CDK7 expression significantly correlates with recurrence, metastasis, and shorter overall survival in osteosarcoma patients. Therapeutically, we show that CDK7 knockdown with siRNA or selective inhibition with BS-181 decreases proliferation and induces apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. Conclusion: This study supports CDK7 overexpression as an independent predictor of poor prognosis and promising therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangzhan Ma
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dylan C Dean
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ran Wei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Francis J Hornicek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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6
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Therapeutic Targeting of the General RNA Polymerase II Transcription Machinery. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093354. [PMID: 32397434 PMCID: PMC7246882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors targeting the general RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcription machinery are candidate therapeutics in cancer and other complex diseases. Here, we review the molecular targets and mechanisms of action of these compounds, framing them within the steps of RNAPII transcription. We discuss the effects of transcription inhibitors in vitro and in cellular models (with an emphasis on cancer), as well as their efficacy in preclinical and clinical studies. We also discuss the rationale for inhibiting broadly acting transcriptional regulators or RNAPII itself in complex diseases.
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7
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Bierbrauer A, Jacob M, Vogler M, Fulda S. A direct comparison of selective BH3-mimetics reveals BCL-X L, BCL-2 and MCL-1 as promising therapeutic targets in neuroblastoma. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:1544-1551. [PMID: 32203216 PMCID: PMC7217842 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0795-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite advances in the treatment of neuroblastoma, patients with high-risk disease still have dismal survival prognosis. Neuroblastoma cells display elevated expression of the antiapoptotic BCL-2 proteins, suggesting that BH3-mimetics may be a promising treatment option. Here, we investigated the role of BCL-2, BCL-XL and MCL-1 in neuroblastoma. Methods A panel of neuroblastoma cell lines and primary patient-derived cells were exposed to BH3-mimetics targeting BCL-2 (ABT-199), BCL-XL (A1331852) or MCL-1 (S63845). In addition, protein expression and interaction patterns were analysed using Western blotting and immunoprecipitation. Results All tested BH3-mimetics were able to induce apoptosis in neuroblastoma cell lines, indicating that not only BCL-2 but also BCL-XL and MCL-1 may be promising therapeutic targets. Primary patient-derived cells displayed highest sensitivity to A1331852, highlighting the important role of BCL-XL in neuroblastoma. Further analysis into the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis revealed that A1331852 and S63845 displaced proapoptotic proteins like BIM and BAK from their antiapoptotic targets, subsequently leading to the activation of BAX and BAK and caspase-dependent apoptosis. Conclusions By using selective BH3-mimetics, this study demonstrates that BCL-2, BCL-XL, and MCL-1 are all relevant therapeutic targets in neuroblastoma. A1331852 and S63845 induce rapid apoptosis that is initiated following a displacement of BAK from BCL-XL or MCL-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Bierbrauer
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maureen Jacob
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Meike Vogler
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Simone Fulda
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. .,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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8
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Michaelis M, Voges Y, Rothweiler F, Weipert F, Zia-Ahmad A, Cinatl J, von Deimling A, Westermann F, Rödel F, Wass MN, Cinatl J. Testing of the Survivin Suppressant YM155 in a Large Panel of Drug-Resistant Neuroblastoma Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030577. [PMID: 32131402 PMCID: PMC7139505 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The survivin suppressant YM155 is a drug candidate for neuroblastoma. Here, we tested YM155 in 101 neuroblastoma cell lines (19 parental cell lines, 82 drug-adapted sublines). Seventy seven (77) cell lines displayed YM155 IC50s in the range of clinical YM155 concentrations. ABCB1 was an important determinant of YM155 resistance. The activity of the ABCB1 inhibitor zosuquidar ranged from being similar to that of the structurally different ABCB1 inhibitor verapamil to being 65-fold higher. ABCB1 sequence variations may be responsible for this, suggesting that the design of variant-specific ABCB1 inhibitors may be possible. Further, we showed that ABCC1 confers YM155 resistance. Previously, p53 depletion had resulted in decreased YM155 sensitivity. However, TP53-mutant cells were not generally less sensitive to YM155 than TP53 wild-type cells in this study. Finally, YM155 cross-resistance profiles differed between cells adapted to drugs as similar as cisplatin and carboplatin. In conclusion, the large cell line panel was necessary to reveal an unanticipated complexity of the YM155 response in neuroblastoma cell lines with acquired drug resistance. Novel findings include that ABCC1 mediates YM155 resistance and that YM155 cross-resistance profiles differ between cell lines adapted to drugs as similar as cisplatin and carboplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Michaelis
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK; (M.M.); (M.N.W.)
| | - Yvonne Voges
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Goethe-Universität, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Y.V.); (F.R.); (A.Z.-A.); (J.C.)
| | - Florian Rothweiler
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Goethe-Universität, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Y.V.); (F.R.); (A.Z.-A.); (J.C.)
| | - Fabian Weipert
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-Universität, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (F.W.); (F.R.)
| | - Amara Zia-Ahmad
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Goethe-Universität, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Y.V.); (F.R.); (A.Z.-A.); (J.C.)
| | - Jaroslav Cinatl
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Goethe-Universität, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Y.V.); (F.R.); (A.Z.-A.); (J.C.)
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg and Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Frank Westermann
- Division Neuroblastoma Genomics, B087, German Cancer Research Center and Hopp Children’s Cancer Center at the NCT (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Franz Rödel
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-Universität, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (F.W.); (F.R.)
| | - Mark N. Wass
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK; (M.M.); (M.N.W.)
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Goethe-Universität, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Y.V.); (F.R.); (A.Z.-A.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-69-6301-6409
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9
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Löschmann N, Michaelis M, Rothweiler F, Voges Y, Balónová B, Blight BA, Cinatl J. ABCB1 as predominant resistance mechanism in cells with acquired SNS-032 resistance. Oncotarget 2018; 7:58051-58064. [PMID: 27517323 PMCID: PMC5295411 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The CDK inhibitor SNS-032 had previously exerted promising anti-neuroblastoma activity via CDK7 and 9 inhibition. ABCB1 expression was identified as major determinant of SNS-032 resistance. Here, we investigated the role of ABCB1 in acquired SNS-032 resistance. In contrast to ABCB1-expressing UKF-NB-3 sub-lines resistant to other ABCB1 substrates, SNS-032-adapted UKF-NB-3 (UKF-NB-3rSNS- 032300nM) cells remained sensitive to the non-ABCB1 substrate cisplatin and were completely re-sensitized to cytotoxic ABCB1 substrates by ABCB1 inhibition. Moreover, UKF-NB-3rSNS-032300nM cells remained similarly sensitive to CDK7 and 9 inhibition as UKF-NB-3 cells. In contrast, SHEPrSNS-0322000nM, the SNS-032-resistant sub-line of the neuroblastoma cell line SHEP, displayed low level SNS-032 resistance also when ABCB1 was inhibited. This discrepancy may be explained by the higher SNS-032 concentrations that were used to establish SHEPrSNS-0322000nM cells, since SHEP cells intrinsically express ABCB1 and are less sensitive to SNS-032 (IC50 912 nM) than UKF-NB-3 cells (IC50 153 nM). In conclusion, we show that ABCB1 expression represents the primary (sometimes exclusive) resistance mechanism in neuroblastoma cells with acquired resistance to SNS-032. Thus, ABCB1 inhibitors may increase the SNS-032 efficacy in ABCB1-expressing cells and prolong or avoid resistance formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Löschmann
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Martin Michaelis
- Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Florian Rothweiler
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yvonne Voges
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Barry A Blight
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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10
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Michaelis M, Rothweiler F, Wurglics M, Aniceto N, Dittrich M, Zettl H, Wiese M, Wass M, Ghafourian T, Schubert-Zsilavecz M, Cinatl J. Substrate-specific effects of pirinixic acid derivatives on ABCB1-mediated drug transport. Oncotarget 2017; 7:11664-76. [PMID: 26887049 PMCID: PMC4905501 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pirinixic acid derivatives, a new class of drug candidates for a range of diseases, interfere with targets including PPARα, PPARγ, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), and microsomal prostaglandin and E2 synthase-1 (mPGES1). Since 5-LO, mPGES1, PPARα, and PPARγ represent potential anti-cancer drug targets, we here investigated the effects of 39 pirinixic acid derivatives on prostate cancer (PC-3) and neuroblastoma (UKF-NB-3) cell viability and, subsequently, the effects of selected compounds on drug-resistant neuroblastoma cells. Few compounds affected cancer cell viability in low micromolar concentrations but there was no correlation between the anti-cancer effects and the effects on 5-LO, mPGES1, PPARα, or PPARγ. Most strikingly, pirinixic acid derivatives interfered with drug transport by the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCB1 in a drug-specific fashion. LP117, the compound that exerted the strongest effect on ABCB1, interfered in the investigated concentrations of up to 2μM with the ABCB1-mediated transport of vincristine, vinorelbine, actinomycin D, paclitaxel, and calcein-AM but not of doxorubicin, rhodamine 123, or JC-1. In silico docking studies identified differences in the interaction profiles of the investigated ABCB1 substrates with the known ABCB1 binding sites that may explain the substrate-specific effects of LP117. Thus, pirinixic acid derivatives may offer potential as drug-specific modulators of ABCB1-mediated drug transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Michaelis
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany.,Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK.,Current address: Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Florian Rothweiler
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany
| | - Mario Wurglics
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Natália Aniceto
- Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Kent and Greenwich in Medway, Chatham, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Michaela Dittrich
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Heiko Zettl
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Michael Wiese
- Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Kent and Greenwich in Medway, Chatham, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.,Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn 53121, Germany
| | - Mark Wass
- Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK
| | | | | | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany
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11
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Kollareddy M, Sherrard A, Park JH, Szemes M, Gallacher K, Melegh Z, Oltean S, Michaelis M, Cinatl J, Kaidi A, Malik K. The small molecule inhibitor YK-4-279 disrupts mitotic progression of neuroblastoma cells, overcomes drug resistance and synergizes with inhibitors of mitosis. Cancer Lett 2017; 403:74-85. [PMID: 28602975 PMCID: PMC5542135 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a biologically and clinically heterogeneous pediatric malignancy that includes a high-risk subset for which new therapeutic agents are urgently required. As well as MYCN amplification, activating point mutations of ALK and NRAS are associated with high-risk and relapsing neuroblastoma. As both ALK and RAS signal through the MEK/ERK pathway, we sought to evaluate two previously reported inhibitors of ETS-related transcription factors, which are transcriptional mediators of the Ras-MEK/ERK pathway in other cancers. Here we show that YK-4-279 suppressed growth and triggered apoptosis in nine neuroblastoma cell lines, while BRD32048, another ETV1 inhibitor, was ineffective. These results suggest that YK-4-279 acts independently of ETS-related transcription factors. Further analysis reveals that YK-4-279 induces mitotic arrest in prometaphase, resulting in subsequent cell death. Mechanistically, we show that YK-4-279 inhibits the formation of kinetochore microtubules, with treated cells showing a broad range of abnormalities including multipolar, fragmented and unseparated spindles, together leading to disrupted progression through mitosis. Notably, YK-4-279 does not affect microtubule acetylation, unlike the conventional mitotic poisons paclitaxel and vincristine. Consistent with this, we demonstrate that YK-4-279 overcomes vincristine-induced resistance in two neuroblastoma cell-line models. Furthermore, combinations of YK-4-279 with vincristine, paclitaxel or the Aurora kinase A inhibitor MLN8237/Alisertib show strong synergy, particularly at low doses. Thus, YK-4-279 could potentially be used as a single-agent or in combination therapies for the treatment of high-risk and relapsing neuroblastoma, as well as other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Kollareddy
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alice Sherrard
- Nuclear Dynamics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marianna Szemes
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kelli Gallacher
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Zsombor Melegh
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sebastian Oltean
- School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Martin Michaelis
- Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Abderrahmane Kaidi
- Nuclear Dynamics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Karim Malik
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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12
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Kretz AL, Schaum M, Richter J, Kitzig EF, Engler CC, Leithäuser F, Henne-Bruns D, Knippschild U, Lemke J. CDK9 is a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317694304. [PMID: 28231737 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317694304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in diagnosis and therapy, prognosis of pancreatic cancer still remains very poor. Besides valid prognostic markers, novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. The family of cyclin-dependent kinases comprises 20 kinases which contribute to malignancy by promoting proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptotic resistance of cancer cells. In this work, we investigated the role of CDK9 in pancreatic cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis of CDK9 expression in tumor and normal tissue of pancreatic cancer patients revealed an overexpression of CDK9 in pancreatic cancer tissue. In addition, high CDK9 expression in tumor tissue is associated with significantly shortened survival, especially in well-differentiated tumors. Moreover, the therapeutic potential of selective CDK9 inhibition on pancreatic cancer cells was evaluated by analysis of cell viability, long-term survival, and induction of apoptosis and characterized by western blotting and flow cytometry. Pharmacological CDK9 inhibition by SNS-032 drastically reduced cell viability in pancreatic cancer cells and potently suppressed long-term survival. Analyzing the mechanism of action revealed that CDK9 inhibition induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in a time-dependent manner by suppression of anti-apoptotic proteins. Furthermore, CDK9 inhibition potently enhances the therapeutic effect of chemotherapeutics in pancreatic cancer cells. In conclusion, we identified CDK9 as a negative prognostic marker in pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, pharmacological CDK9 inhibition is a novel and promising therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Laura Kretz
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Monika Schaum
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Julia Richter
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ella F Kitzig
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christine C Engler
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frank Leithäuser
- 2 Department of Pathology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Doris Henne-Bruns
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Uwe Knippschild
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Johannes Lemke
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P. Heffron
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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14
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Chen Z, Wang Z, Pang JC, Yu Y, Bieerkehazhi S, Lu J, Hu T, Zhao Y, Xu X, Zhang H, Yi JS, Liu S, Yang J. Multiple CDK inhibitor dinaciclib suppresses neuroblastoma growth via inhibiting CDK2 and CDK9 activity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29090. [PMID: 27378523 PMCID: PMC4932496 DOI: 10.1038/srep29090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB), the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood, is responsible for approximately 15% of cancer-related mortality in children. Aberrant activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) has been shown to contribute to tumor cell progression in many cancers including NB. Therefore, small molecule inhibitors of CDKs comprise a strategic option in cancer therapy. Here we show that a novel multiple-CDK inhibitor, dinaciclib (SCH727965, MK-7965), exhibits potent anti-proliferative effects on a panel of NB cell lines by blocking the activity of CDK2 and CDK9. Dinaciclib also significantly sensitized NB cell lines to the treatment of chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin (Dox) and etoposide (VP-16). Furthermore, dinaciclib revealed in vivo antitumor efficacy in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model of two NB cell lines and blocked tumor development in the TH-MYCN transgenic NB mouse model. Taken together, this study suggests that CDK2 and CDK9 are potential therapeutic targets in NB and that abrogating CDK2 and CDK9 activity by small molecules like dinaciclib is a promising strategy and a treatment option for NB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghu Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China.,Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Department of Breast Surgery, The second hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Jonathan C Pang
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yang Yu
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Shayahati Bieerkehazhi
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Jiaxiong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China.,Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Ting Hu
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Joanna S Yi
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Shangfeng Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China.,Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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15
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Hurdles in selection process of nanodelivery systems for multidrug-resistant cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:2073-106. [PMID: 27116692 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Most of the nanomedicines for treatment of multidrug-resistant cancer do not reach Phase III trials and many are terminated or withdrawn or are in an indeterminate state since long without any study results being presented. Extensive perusal of nanomedicine development research revealed that one of the critical aspects influencing clinical outcomes and which requires diligent scrutiny is selection process of nanodelivery system. METHODS Research papers and articles published on development of nanodelivery systems for treatment of multidrug-resistant cancer were analyzed. Observations and conclusions noted by these researchers which might shed some light on poor clinical performance of nanocarriers were collated and summarized under observation section. Further research articles were studied to find possible solutions which may be applied to these particular problems for resolving them. The inferences of these findings were composed in Result section. RESULT Plausible solutions for the observed obstacles were noted as examples of novel formulations that can yield the following: better in vivo imaging, precise targeting and dosing of a specific site and specific cell type in a particular cancer, modulation of tumor surroundings, intonation of systemic effects and high reproducibility. CONCLUSION The angle of approach to the development of best nanosystem for a specific type of tumor needs to be spun around. Some of these changes can be brought about by individual scientists, some need to be established by collated efforts of scientists globally and some await advent of better technologies. Regardless of the stratagem, it can be said decisively that the schematics of development phase need rethinking.
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16
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Stafman LL, Beierle EA. Cell Proliferation in Neuroblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2016; 8:E13. [PMID: 26771642 PMCID: PMC4728460 DOI: 10.3390/cancers8010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma, the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood, continues to carry a dismal prognosis for children diagnosed with advanced stage or relapsed disease. This review focuses upon factors responsible for cell proliferation in neuroblastoma including transcription factors, kinases, and regulators of the cell cycle. Novel therapeutic strategies directed toward these targets in neuroblastoma are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Stafman
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
| | - Elizabeth A Beierle
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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17
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Interactions of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors AT-7519, flavopiridol and SNS-032 with ABCB1, ABCG2 and ABCC1 transporters and their potential to overcome multidrug resistance in vitro. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2015; 76:105-16. [PMID: 25986678 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-015-2772-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters play an important role in multidrug resistance (MDR) toward anticancer drugs. Here, we evaluated interactions of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKi) AT-7519, flavopiridol and SNS-032 with the following ABC transporters in vitro: P-glycoprotein (ABCB1), breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (ABCC1). METHODS Inhibitory potency of studied CDKi to the transporters was evaluated by accumulation assays using fluorescent substrates and MDCKII cells overexpressing human ABCB1, ABCG2 or ABCC1. Resistance of transporter-expressing cells to the CDKi was evaluated by XTT proliferation assay. Observed interactions of CDKi were verified by ATPase assay in ABC transporter-expressing Sf9 membrane vesicles. Combination index analysis was additionally performed in ABC transporter-expressing cancer cell lines, HepG2 and T47D. RESULTS Flavopiridol showed a significant inhibitory potency toward ABCG2 and ABCC1. SNS-032 also decreased ABCG2-mediated efflux, while AT-7519 failed to inhibit ABCB1, ABCG2 or ABCC1. Both flavopiridol and SNS-032 showed synergistic antiproliferative effects in combination with relevant ABC transporter substrates such as daunorubicin and topotecan in cancer cells. ABCB1 was found to confer significant resistance to AT-7519 and SNS-032, but not to flavopiridol. In contrast, ABCG2 and ABCC1 conferred resistance to flavopiridol, but not to AT-7519 and SNS-032. CONCLUSION Our data provide detailed information on interactions of flavopiridol, SNS-032 and AT-7519 with ABC transporters, which may help elucidate the pharmacokinetic behavior and toxicity of these compounds. Moreover, we show the ability of flavopiridol and SNS-032, but not AT-7519, to overcome ABC transporter-mediated MDR.
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18
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Mani J, Vallo S, Rakel S, Antonietti P, Gessler F, Blaheta R, Bartsch G, Michaelis M, Cinatl J, Haferkamp A, Kögel D. Chemoresistance is associated with increased cytoprotective autophagy and diminished apoptosis in bladder cancer cells treated with the BH3 mimetic (-)-Gossypol (AT-101). BMC Cancer 2015; 15:224. [PMID: 25885284 PMCID: PMC4409725 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acquired resistance to standard chemotherapy causes treatment failure in patients with metastatic bladder cancer. Overexpression of pro-survival Bcl-2 family proteins has been associated with a poor chemotherapeutic response, suggesting that Bcl-2-targeted therapy may be a feasible strategy in patients with these tumors. The small-molecule pan-Bcl-2 inhibitor (−)-gossypol (AT-101) is known to induce apoptotic cell death, but can also induce autophagy through release of the pro-autophagic BH3 only protein Beclin-1 from Bcl-2. The potential therapeutic effects of (−)-gossypol in chemoresistant bladder cancer and the role of autophagy in this context are hitherto unknown. Methods Cisplatin (5637rCDDP1000, RT4rCDDP1000) and gemcitabine (5637rGEMCI20, RT4rGEMCI20) chemoresistant sub-lines of the chemo-sensitive bladder cancer cell lines 5637 and RT4 were established for the investigation of acquired resistance mechanisms. Cell lines carrying a stable lentiviral knockdown of the core autophagy regulator ATG5 were created from chemosensitive 5637 and chemoresistant 5637rGEMCI20 and 5637rCDDP1000 cell lines. Cell death and autophagy were quantified by FACS analysis of propidium iodide, Annexin and Lysotracker staining, as well as LC3 translocation. Results Here we demonstrate that (−)-gossypol induces an apoptotic type of cell death in 5637 and RT4 cells which is partially inhibited by the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD. Cisplatin- and gemcitabine-resistant bladder cancer cells exhibit enhanced basal and drug-induced autophagosome formation and lysosomal activity which is accompanied by an attenuated apoptotic cell death after treatment with both (−)-gossypol and ABT-737, a Bcl-2 inhibitor which spares Mcl-1, in comparison to parental cells. Knockdown of ATG5 and inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA had no discernible effect on apoptotic cell death induced by (−)-gossypol and ABT-737 in parental 5637 cells, but evoked a significant increase in early apoptosis and overall cell death in BH3 mimetic-treated 5637rGEMCI20 and 5637rCDDP1000 cells. Conclusions Our findings show for the first time that (−)-gossypol concomitantly triggers apoptosis and a cytoprotective type of autophagy in bladder cancer and support the notion that enhanced autophagy may underlie the chemoresistant phenotype of these tumors. Simultaneous targeting of Bcl-2 proteins and the autophagy pathway may be an efficient new strategy to overcome their “autophagy addiction” and acquired resistance to current therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Mani
- Department of Urology, Goethe University Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Stefan Vallo
- Department of Urology, Goethe University Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Rakel
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Patrick Antonietti
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Florian Gessler
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Roman Blaheta
- Department of Urology, Goethe University Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Georg Bartsch
- Department of Urology, Goethe University Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Martin Michaelis
- Institute for Medical Virology, Goethe University Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. .,School of Biosciences, The University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NZ, UK.
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institute for Medical Virology, Goethe University Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Axel Haferkamp
- Department of Urology, Goethe University Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Donat Kögel
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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19
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Xu J, Margol A, Asgharzadeh S, Erdreich-Epstein A. Pediatric brain tumor cell lines. J Cell Biochem 2015; 116:218-24. [PMID: 25211508 PMCID: PMC10656279 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric brain tumors as a group, including medulloblastomas, gliomas, and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (ATRT) are the most common solid tumors in children and the leading cause of death from childhood cancer. Brain tumor-derived cell lines are critical for studying the biology of pediatric brain tumors and can be useful for initial screening of new therapies. Use of appropriate brain tumor cell lines for experiments is important, as results may differ depending on tumor properties, and can thus affect the conclusions and applicability of the model. Despite reports in the literature of over 60 pediatric brain tumor cell lines, the majority of published papers utilize only a small number of these cell lines. Here we list the approximately 60 currently-published pediatric brain tumor cell lines and summarize some of their central features as a resource for scientists seeking pediatric brain tumor cell lines for their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Xu
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90027
| | - Ashley Margol
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90027
| | - Shahab Asgharzadeh
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90027
- Department of Pathology, Saban Research Institute at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90027
| | - Anat Erdreich-Epstein
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90027
- Department of Pathology, Saban Research Institute at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90027
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20
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Michaelis M, Selt F, Rothweiler F, Löschmann N, Nüsse B, Dirks WG, Zehner R, Cinatl J. Aurora kinases as targets in drug-resistant neuroblastoma cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108758. [PMID: 25268132 PMCID: PMC4182628 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinase inhibitors displayed activity in pre-clinical neuroblastoma models. Here, we studied the effects of the pan-aurora kinase inhibitor tozasertib (VX680, MK-0457) and the aurora kinase inhibitor alisertib (MLN8237) that shows some specificity for aurora kinase A over aurora kinase B in a panel of neuroblastoma cell lines with acquired drug resistance. Both compounds displayed anti-neuroblastoma activity in the nanomolar range. The anti-neuroblastoma mechanism included inhibition of aurora kinase signalling as indicated by decreased phosphorylation of the aurora kinase substrate histone H3, cell cycle inhibition in G2/M phase, and induction of apoptosis. The activity of alisertib but not of tozasertib was affected by ABCB1 expression. Aurora kinase inhibitors induced a p53 response and their activity was enhanced in combination with the MDM2 inhibitor and p53 activator nutlin-3 in p53 wild-type cells. In conclusion, aurora kinases are potential drug targets in therapy-refractory neuroblastoma, in particular for the vast majority of p53 wild-type cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Michaelis
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Florian Selt
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Florian Rothweiler
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nadine Löschmann
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Benedikt Nüsse
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Wilhelm G. Dirks
- Leibniz-Institute Deutsche Sammlung für Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Richard Zehner
- Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- * E-mail:
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