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Takahashi M, Hosomichi K, Yamaguchi T, Nagahama R, Yoshida H, Marazita ML, Weinberg SM, Maki K, Tajima A. Exploration of genetic factors determining cleft side in a pair of monozygotic twins with mirror-image cleft lip and palate using whole-genome sequencing and comparison of craniofacial morphology. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 96:33-38. [PMID: 30172943 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study is to explore genetic factors determining difference of cleft side using whole-genome sequencing and evaluation of craniofacial morphology using cephalometric analysis between Japanese monozygotic (MZ) twins with mirror-image cleft lip and palate (CLP). DESIGN We selected a Japanese MZ twin pair (MZ-A and MZ-B) affected with unilateral CLP who are discordant for cleft side (left/right) and conducted whole-genome sequencing to identify genetic factors determining cleft side. Moreover, we compared their craniofacial morphologies using cephalograms. RESULTS Whole-genome sequencing results suggested that no discordant DNA variants were found between MZ-A and MZ-B. The comparison of craniofacial morphology between the MZ twins revealed that MZ-B had maxillary deficiency and slightly more mandibular protrusion than MZ-A. CONCLUSIONS It is indicated that environmental factors might be a critical factor that influences the determination of difference of cleft side in orofacial clefts. In addition, we found some differences in craniofacial morphology between MZ-A and MZ-B. Our findings suggest that various environmental factors, such as epigenetics, might be a critical factor that influences the determination of difference of cleft side in CLP rather than inherited genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Takahashi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazuyoshi Hosomichi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ryo Nagahama
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Seth M Weinberg
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Koutaro Maki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tajima
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
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Takahashi M, Hosomichi K, Yamaguchi T, Nagahama R, Yoshida H, Maki K, Marazita ML, Weinberg SM, Tajima A. Whole-genome sequencing in a pair of monozygotic twins with discordant cleft lip and palate subtypes. Oral Dis 2018; 24:1303-1309. [PMID: 29873870 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are common and etiologically complex birth defects. This study explored potential genetic differences in a pair of Japanese monozygotic (MZ) twins with different forms of OFC using whole-genome sequencing. SUBJECTS AND METHODS One co-twin (MZ-1) presented with nonsyndromic bilateral cleft lip and palate; the other co-twin (MZ-2) had nonsyndromic bilateral cleft lip and unilateral left-sided cleft alveolus. Neither parent had an OFC. Craniofacial morphologic features and potential genetic differences were compared using standard cephalometry and whole-genome sequencing, respectively. RESULTS Morphologically, MZ-1 had a smaller vertical mandibular height, compared to MZ-2. However, no discordant genetic differences were detected. Moreover, both twins and their parents harbored rare candidate gene variants (GRHL3; TPM1) considered to be associated with OFCs. CONCLUSION The observed differences between MZ-1 and MZ-2 in craniofacial morphology assessed by cephalograms might be directly attributable to the effects of the OFC on growth and/or differences in surgical history, given the lack of any differences in genetic background. However, comparisons of discordant MZ twins should continue to identify novel candidates that might control OFC or that might partly explain the missing heritability for this common birth defect, in addition to understanding craniofacial growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Takahashi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Hosomichi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ryo Nagahama
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koutaro Maki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Seth M Weinberg
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Atsushi Tajima
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
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Shibui T, Nomura T, Takano N, Katakura A, Nakano Y, Suga K, Narita M, Watanabe A, Muramatsu K, Takamatsu K. Prenatal Counseling on Prenatal Diagnosis of Cleft Lip and/or Cleft Palate at Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2016; 57:43-50. [DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.57.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Shibui
- Department of Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Takeshi Nomura
- Department of Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Nobuo Takano
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College
- Oral Cancer Center, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Akira Katakura
- Department of Oral Pathological Science and Surgery, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Yoko Nakano
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Kenichiro Suga
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Masato Narita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Akira Watanabe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College
| | | | - Kiyoshi Takamatsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College
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Sherwood TF, Mooney MP, Sciote JJ, Smith TD, Cooper GM, Siegel MI. Cranial base growth and morphology in second-trimester normal human fetuses and fetuses with cleft lip. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2001; 38:587-96. [PMID: 11681992 DOI: 10.1597/1545-1569_2001_038_0587_cbgami_2.0.co_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present radiographic study describes the size and shape of the cranial base from the sagittal aspect for a sample of 77 second-trimester "normal" control fetuses (n = 61) and fetuses (n = 16) exhibiting isolated, unilateral clefts of the lip (CL), ranging in fertilization age from 10 to 22 weeks. METHODS Fetuses were placed in a cephalostat, and standardized, lateral head radiographs were taken. The radiographs were traced, and 15 cephalometric landmarks were identified and digitized for analysis. Growth curves for cranial base lengths, angles, and areas were compared between control and CL groups. Also, cranial base triangles were constructed and shape comparisons were made using tensor biometric analysis. RESULTS No significant differences (p >.05) in regression line slopes were noted for any comparisons between the control and CL samples. Tensor biometric analysis also revealed no significant differences in the shapes of various cranial base triangles between the control and CL samples. CONCLUSION This report presents second-trimester baseline growth curves for various cranial base components in CL human fetal specimens, and these data suggest that CL fetuses may also be used as an appropriate control sample for prenatal growth comparison studies of cleft lip and palate and cleft palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- T F Sherwood
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Sherwood TF, Mooney MP, Sciote JJ, Smith TD, Cooper GM, Siegel MI. Cranial Base Growth and Morphology in Second-Trimester Normal Human Fetuses and Fetuses With Cleft Lip. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2001. [DOI: 10.1597/1545-1569(2001)038<0587:cbgami>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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