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Pallis S, Alyokhin A, Manley B, Rodrigues T, Barnes E, Narva K. Effects of Low Doses of a Novel dsRNA-based Biopesticide (Calantha) on the Colorado Potato Beetle. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 116:456-461. [PMID: 36895198 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a destructive pest of the cultivated potato, Solanum tuberosum. Members of this species are well-suited to agricultural habitats because of a suite of physiological adaptations and their ability to evolve resistance to multiple insecticides. Recently, a novel double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) insecticide (Calantha, active ingredient ledprona) has been demonstrated as an effective tool to manage Colorado potato beetle populations through RNA interference (RNAi). Previous studies have demonstrated the lethality of the high doses of ledprona but had not assessed possible effects of low doses that may happen due to product degradation in the environment, incomplete spray coverage, and foliage growth. Exposure of fourth instar larvae to low concentrations of ledprona interfered with their pupation. Exposure of adults significantly reduced their mobility after seven days, as well as their fertility. Reproductive effects were stronger in females, especially when exposed before reaching sexual maturity. The observed effects of low doses of ledprona may aid in the overall management of Colorado potato beetles by reducing the size of resident populations, inhibiting beetle movement within and between fields, and reducing the population growth rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Pallis
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Andrei Alyokhin
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Brian Manley
- GreenLight Biosciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Ethann Barnes
- GreenLight Biosciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Kenneth Narva
- GreenLight Biosciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Mogilicherla K, Roy A. Epigenetic regulations as drivers of insecticide resistance and resilience to climate change in arthropod pests. Front Genet 2023; 13:1044980. [PMID: 36685945 PMCID: PMC9853188 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1044980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Arthropod pests are remarkably capable of rapidly adapting to novel forms of environmental stress, including insecticides and climate change. The dynamic interplay between epigenetics and genetics explains the largely unexplored reality underlying rapid climatic adaptation and the development of insecticide resistance in insects. Epigenetic regulation modulates gene expression by methylating DNA and acetylating histones that play an essential role in governing insecticide resistance and adaptation to climate change. This review summarises and discusses the significance of recent advances in epigenetic regulation that facilitate phenotypic plasticity in insects and their symbiotic microbes to cope with selection pressure implied by extensive insecticide applications and climate change. We also discuss how epigenetic changes are passed on to multiple generations through sexual recombination, which remains enigmatic. Finally, we explain how these epigenetic signatures can be utilized to manage insecticide resistance and pest resilience to climate change in Anthropocene.
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Joseph SV. Insect growth regulators elicit transovarial effects on Teleonemia scrupulosa (Hemiptera: Tingidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:1800-1805. [PMID: 35019229 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lantana lace bug, Teleonemia scrupulosa Stål (Hemiptera: Tingidae), is an important insect pest of lantana (Lantana camara L.). The adults and nymphs feed on the leaves, gradually deteriorating the quality of leaf tissue, as the affected leaves appear brown and desiccated. Infestations of T. scrupulosa reduce the market value of container plants in nurseries and the aesthetic value of ornamental landscapes. Because T. scrupulosa typically is managed using neonicotinoids and concerns related to the nontargeted effects of neonicotinoids on pollinators are mounting, practitioners are seeking alternative options to manage T. scrupulosa infestations. Insect growth regulators (IGRs) elicit transovarial activity, where adults exposed to IGRs produce nonviable eggs, but this effect has not been documented for T. scrupulosa. RESULTS A significantly lower number of T. scrupulosa nymphs was produced when adults were sprayed topically with novaluron and pyriproxyfen than nontreated adults. The number of T. scrupulosa nymphs produced was not significantly different when adults were exposed to a lower dose (0.125×) and a maximum dose (1.0×) of novaluron. CONCLUSION Novaluron and pyriproxyfen elicited transovarial effects on T. scrupulosa when adults were exposed to these IGRs. Evidence of transovarial effects was demonstrated when T. scrupulosa adults were exposed to lower doses (≤0.125×) than the maximum label dose, as densities of nymphs were similar between the lower doses and the maximum label dose of novaluron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimat V Joseph
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, USA
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Catchot BD, Musser FR, Gore J, Krishnan N, Cook DR, Stewart SD, Lorenz GM, Brown S, Seiter N, Catchot AL, Kerns DL, Jackson R, Knighten KS. Sublethal Impacts of Novaluron on Tarnished Plant Bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) Adults. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:739-746. [PMID: 33576417 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris Palisot de Beauvois (Hemiptera: Miridae), has become a primary pest of cotton in the Midsouthern United States. Insect growth regulators such as novaluron are an important part of L. lineolaris management. While novaluron is lethal to nymphs, it does not kill adults, so it has been used when nymphs are the primary stage present. However, cotton yield protection was observed from an application of novaluron when adults were the predominant stage present. To explain this, a series of studies were conducted to examine sublethal impacts of novaluron to L. lineolaris adults. Novaluron ingestion by adults reduced hatch rate and sometimes reduced oviposition rate. Ingestion by either males or females reduced hatch rates, but the reduction was greater from female exposure. Contact exposure of adults with novaluron residues within 1 d of application reduced hatch rate by about 50%, but the impact on oviposition was inconsistent. A field study showed reduced hatch rate from contact exposure to mixed-age natural populations, but the overall net reproductive rate was not reduced. Surface exposure of eggs to novaluron did not reduce hatch rate. Overall, exposure of tarnished plant bug adults to novaluron, regardless of adult age or exposure route, reduced egg viability. However, the impact on oviposition rate and net reproductive rate varied with adult age and exposure route. This understanding of sublethal impacts of novaluron, in addition to lethal impacts on nymphs, should be considered when choosing application times to maximize effects on L. lineolaris populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly D Catchot
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - F R Musser
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - J Gore
- Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS, USA
| | - N Krishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - D R Cook
- Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS, USA
| | - S D Stewart
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology, and Nematology, The University of Tennessee, Jackson, TN, USA
| | - G M Lorenz
- Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, Lonoke, AR, USA
| | - S Brown
- LSU AgCenter, Macon Ridge Research Station, Winnsboro, LA, USA
| | - N Seiter
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - A L Catchot
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - D L Kerns
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, College Station, TX, USA
| | - R Jackson
- Syngenta, Biological Research & Development, Carrolton, MS, USA
| | - K S Knighten
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
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A Hamilton J, Wada-Katsumata A, Ko A, Schal C. Effects of novaluron ingestion and topical application on German cockroach (Blattella germanica) development and reproduction. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:877-885. [PMID: 32949086 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insect growth regulators disrupt insect development and reproduction. Chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs) allow the insect to grow normally, but because chitin is an essential component of the cuticle, formation of a new cuticle and ecdysis are prevented and the insect dies. CSIs can also kill embryos by disrupting their normal development. We evaluated the potential utility of novaluron in bait formulations against the German cockroach (Blattella germanica L.). RESULTS The minimum novaluron intake that interfered with molting and reproduction was assessed by exposing nymphs and adult females to novaluron. Results showed that 1 day of feeding on 0.1% novaluron was sufficient to disrupt molting in nymphs and prevent adult females from developing viable oothecae. The long-term effects on gravid females were investigated by feeding females 0.1% novaluron for different 5-day intervals during successive stages of gestation. Results demonstrated that gravid females fed novaluron during any period of gestation were able to produce viable eggs. To determine if ingestion of novaluron affected mating success and fertility of adult males, males were fed novaluron and then allowed to mate with untreated virgin females. Males that fed on novaluron successfully mated, and the females produced viable oothecae. Finally, direct comparisons revealed that novaluron is equally effective by ingestion and topical application. CONCLUSIONS Novaluron caused mortality in nymphs and interfered with ootheca production in adult females, but only before they formed an ootheca. It successfully reduced German cockroach populations in cages and has potential to be incorporated in cockroach baits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamora A Hamilton
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, and W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Ayako Wada-Katsumata
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, and W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Coby Schal
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, and W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, Serrão JE. Effect of Benzoylphenyl Ureas on Survival and Reproduction of the Lace Bug, Leptopharsa gibbicarina. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12010034. [PMID: 33418851 PMCID: PMC7824969 DOI: 10.3390/insects12010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Pestalotiopsis fungal complex is a disease that causes damages in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), and the lace bug, Leptopharsa gibbicarina is the main insect pest that spread this disease. Application of neurotoxic insecticides has been a common method used to control L. gibbicarina for decades in Colombia and Venezuela. The effects of four benzoylphenyl ureas (BPUs) (lufenuron, novaluron, teflubenzuron, and triflumuron) were assessed against L. gibbicarina for toxicity, survival, and reproduction. Overall, the results show that novaluron, teflubenzuron, and triflumuron cause high mortality and reduce survival time, fecundity, and fertility. Thus, BPUs exhibit detrimental effects on L. gibbicarina and can be used as alternatives to other chemical insecticides. Abstract The lace bug, Leptopharsa gibbicarina is a vector of Pestalotiopsis fungal complex in oil palm crops in the Americas. The effects of four benzoylphenyl ureas (BPUs) (lufenuron, novaluron, teflubenzuron, and triflumuron) were evaluated against L. gibbicarina for toxicity, survival, reproduction, and mortality in semi-field conditions. Concentration-mortality bioassays demonstrated that novaluron (LC50 = 0.33 ppm), teflubenzuron (LC50 = 0.24 ppm), lufenuron (LC50 = 0.17 ppm), and triflumuron (LC50 = 0.42 ppm) are toxic to L. gibbicarina nymphs. The survival rate was 99% in control nymphs, decreasing to 50% in nymphs exposed to LC50 of triflumuron, 47% in nymphs treated with lufenuron, 43% in nymphs treated with teflubenzuron, and 43% in those treated with novaluron. Sublethal concentrations of BPUs showed detrimental effects on the adult emergence, longevity, fecundity, and fertility of this insect. The mortality of nymphs caused by these insecticides was similar in both laboratory and semi-field conditions. Our results suggest that novaluron, teflubenzuron, and triflumuron are highly effective against L. gibbicarina, and therefore, have potential applications for this oil palm pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Carlos Martínez
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, Brazil;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-31-3899-4012
| | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Department de Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, Brazil;
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, Brazil;
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Bensafi-Gheraibia H, Kissoum N, Hamida ZC, Farine JP, Soltani N. Topical bioassay of Oberon® on Drosophila melanogaster pupae: delayed effects on ovarian proteins, cuticular hydrocarbons and sexual behaviour. INVERTEBR REPROD DEV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2020.1862315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanene Bensafi-Gheraibia
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Nesrine Kissoum
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Zahia Cirine Hamida
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Jean Pierre Farine
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, Agrosup-UMR 6265 CNRS, UMR 1324 INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Noureddine Soltani
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria
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Catchot B, Anderson CJ, Gore J, Jackson R, Rakshit K, Musser F, Krishnan N. Novaluron prevents oogenesis and oviposition by inducing ultrastructural changes in ovarian tissue of young adult Lygus lineolaris. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:4057-4063. [PMID: 32542895 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), has emerged as a major pest of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L, in the mid-southern USA. In the early 1990s L. lineolaris populations developed resistance to several classes of conventional insecticides, increasing the need for insecticides with alternative modes of action such as insect growth regulators (IGRs) for integrated pest management (IPM). The benzoylphenyl urea (BPU) class of IGRs acts by disrupting the growth and development of immature stages of insects, but little is known about its impact on adult stages. RESULTS The effect of novaluron (Diamond™ 0.83EC), a BPU with known chitin synthesis inhibitor activity, was investigated on adult females of L. lineolaris. Treatment of 1-day-old adults with 600 ppm of novaluron in the diet prevented oviposition, while treatment of older females had no impact on oviposition. Oral novaluron exposure of adults of all ages reduced the viability of eggs laid. Novaluron treatment caused ultrastructural changes in the ovaries of 1-day-old adults (48 h post exposure), distorting the follicular epithelial cell architecture of developing oocytes. Additionally, novaluron treatment decreased the chitin content in ovarian tissue. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that chitin or chitin-like components in the developing ovaries of adult L. lineolaris are a target of IGRs such as novaluron, but its activity is specific to a critical time during development. This enhances our understanding of the effects of BPUs on adult insects and could lead to incorporation of IGRs in IPM for controlling adult insect pest populations in the field. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly Catchot
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Chance Jh Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Jeffrey Gore
- Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS, USA
| | | | - Kuntol Rakshit
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Fred Musser
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Natraj Krishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
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Joseph SV. Transovarial effects of insect growth regulators on Stephanitis pyrioides (Hemiptera: Tingidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:2182-2187. [PMID: 30653837 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Azalea lace bug, Stephanitis pyrioides (Scott) (Hemiptera: Tingidae) is a serious insect pest of azaleas (Rhododendron L. spp.) in the USA. S. pyrioides feeding causes chlorosis, which affects the aesthetic value and marketability of azalea plants. Management of S. pyrioides primarily involves neonicotinoid insecticides and their use has been drastically reduced or discontinued. Insect growth regulators (IGRs) are known to elicit transovarial activity as IGR-exposed adults produce non-viable eggs, which is not documented for S. pyrioides. Thus, transovarial activity of novaluron, azadirachtin, pyriproxyfen and buprofezin has been explored against S. pyrioides. RESULTS A low number of S. pyrioides young instars was produced when adults were exposed to topical novaluron compared with non-treated adults. When adults contacted dried residues of novaluron and buprofezin, production of young instars was reduced relative to non-treated controls. When insects exposed to 1.0× and < 1.0× doses of novaluron were compared, the number of young instars produced was similar. CONCLUSION Transovarial activity was elicited in S. pyrioides when adults were exposed to IGRs, especially novaluron. When adults were exposed to < 1.0× (up to 0.25×) and 1.0× doses of novaluron, the transovarial effect was similar. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimat V Joseph
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, USA
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Swale DR, Li Z, Kraft JZ, Healy K, Liu M, David CM, Liu Z, Foil LD. Development of an autodissemination strategy for the deployment of novel control agents targeting the common malaria mosquito, Anopheles quadrimaculatus say (Diptera: Culicidae). PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006259. [PMID: 29641515 PMCID: PMC5894962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The reduced efficacy of current Anopheline mosquito control methods underscores the need to develop new methods of control that exploit unique target sites and/or utilizes novel deployment methods. Autodissemination methodologies using insect growth regulators (IGRs) is growing in interest and has been shown to be effective at controlling Aedes mosquitoes in semi-field and field environments, yet little information exists for Anopheline mosquitoes. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that female-driven autodissemination of an IGR combined with a new mechanism of action insecticide (Kir channel inhibitor) could be employed to reduce Anopheline populations. Methodology We studied the ability of three IGRs to be transferred to the larval habitat during oviposition in laboratory and semi-field environments. Adult mosquitoes were exposed to the chemicals for 4 hours immediately after blood feeding and efficacy was tested using classical methodologies, including adult emergence inhibition and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). A complete autodissemination design was tested in a semi-field environment. Principal findings Larval survivability and adult emergence were significantly reduced in habitats that were visited by novaluron treated adults, but no statistical differences were observed with pyriproxyfen or triflumuron. These data suggested novaluron, but not pyriproxyfen or triflumuron, was horizontally transferred from the adult mosquito to the larval habitat during oviposition. HPLC studies supported the toxicity data and showed that novaluron was present in the majority of larval habitats, suggesting that novaluron can be horizontally transferred by Anopheles quadrimaculatus. Importantly, the combination of novaluron and the Kir channel inhibitor, VU041, was capable of reducing adult and larval populations in semi-field environments. Conclusions Novaluron can be transferred to the adult at a greater efficacy and/or is not degraded as quickly during the gonotropic cycle when compared to pyriproxyfen or triflumuron. Pending field confirmation, autodissemination approaches with novaluron may be a suitable tool to manage Anopheles populations. Efforts to control the mosquito vector of malaria, Anopheles gambiae, have been dominated by the use of insecticide-treated bednets or residual spraying efforts for the previous 2–3 decades. The persistent use of these methods has led to a decline in control efficacy and has highlighted the need to 1) identify novel molecular targets and 2) novel translational deployment methods to control mosquito vectors. To address this, we employed biological and chemical methods to test the hypothesis that insect growth regulators (IGR) are capable of being transferred to an oviposition site at lethal concentrations when Anopheles adults are exposed immediately after blood feeding. Subsequently, we tested the hypothesis that K+ channel modulators and an IGR used in combination will reduce the mosquito population in a semi-field environment through adult toxicity and IGR transfer. The data presented in this study provides a proof-of-concept that autodissemination methods using specific IGRs and K+ channel modulators are potentially capable of reducing the burden of malaria through a method that is novel, cost efficient, long lasting, and requires minimal human intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Swale
- Louisiana State University AgCenter, Department of Entomology, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Zhilin Li
- Louisiana State University AgCenter, Department of Entomology, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Jake Z. Kraft
- Louisiana State University AgCenter, Department of Entomology, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Kristen Healy
- Louisiana State University AgCenter, Department of Entomology, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Mei Liu
- Louisiana State University AgCenter, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Connie M. David
- Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Zhijun Liu
- Louisiana State University AgCenter, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Lane D. Foil
- Louisiana State University AgCenter, Department of Entomology, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
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Brevik K, Lindström L, McKay SD, Chen YH. Transgenerational effects of insecticides-implications for rapid pest evolution in agroecosystems. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 26:34-40. [PMID: 29764658 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although pesticides are a major selective force in driving the evolution of insect pests, the evolutionary processes that give rise to insecticide resistance remain poorly understood. Insecticide resistance has been widely observed to increase with frequent and intense insecticide exposure, but can be lost following the relaxation of insecticide use. One possible but rarely explored explanation is that insecticide resistance may be associated with epigenetic modifications, which influence the patterning of gene expression without changing underlying DNA sequence. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and small RNAs have been observed to be heritable in arthropods, but their role in the context of rapid evolution of insecticide resistance remain poorly understood. Here, we discuss evidence supporting how: firstly, insecticide-induced effects can be transgenerationally inherited; secondly, epigenetic modifications are heritable; and thirdly, epigenetic modifications are responsive to pesticide and xenobiotic stress. Therefore, pesticides may drive the evolution of resistance via epigenetic processes. Moreover, insect pests primed by pesticides may be more tolerant of other stress, further enhancing their success in adapting to agroecosystems. Resolving the role of epigenetic modifications in the rapid evolution of insect pests has the potential to lead to new approaches for integrated pest management as well as improve our understanding of how anthropogenic stress may drive the evolution of insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Brevik
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - Leena Lindström
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Stephanie D McKay
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Yolanda H Chen
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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Joseph SV. Effects of Insect Growth Regulators on Bagrada hilaris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 110:2471-2477. [PMID: 29040567 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a serious pest of cruciferous crops in the central coast of California. Management of B. hilaris primarily involves the use of broad spectrum insecticides, such as pyrethroids and neonicotinoids, when the pest invades a crop field. Insect growth regulators (IGRs) are known for their efficacy on nymphal stages of B. hilaris, but little is known about their transovarial effects. Thus, the major objective of this study was to determine the transovarial effects of IGRs such as novaluron, diflubenzuron, and azadirachtin, when adults are exposed to direct topical spraying and dried residues. In addition, a direct topical spray of IGRs on older instars (fourth and fifth instars) was examined at 1-, 3-, and 7-d post-treatment. The number of young instars (first and second instars) and adults was recorded up to ~31 d after exposure. In the topical spray assays, the number of young instars was significantly lower for novaluron, diflubenzuron, and azadirachtin than for the nontreated control. The number of young instars that emerged after novaluron treatment was low (0-11%). In the assays with dried residues, the number of young instars that developed was significantly lower for novaluron treatment than for the other IGRs and the nontreated control. There was no significant difference among diflubenzuron, azadirachtin, and nontreated control treatments in the development of young instars. In the assays with a topical spray of IGRs on older instars, significantly more nymphs died at 3 and 7 d after exposure. The IGRs had no clear impact on adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimat V Joseph
- University of California Cooperative Extension - Monterey County, Agriculture and Natural Resources
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Xu QY, Meng QW, Shi JF, Deng P, Guo WC, Li GQ. Novaluron ingestion causes larval lethality and inhibits chitin content in Leptinotarsa decemlineata fourth-instar larvae. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 143:173-180. [PMID: 29183589 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
To accomplish consistent, long-term, integrated management (IPM) of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), research assessing the potential of novel, IPM-compatible insecticides is essential. Novaluron is a potent benzoylurea insecticide. In the present paper, we found that novaluron ingestion by the fourth-instar larvae inhibited foliage consumption, reduced larval fresh weight, and delayed development period, in a dose dependent manner. Most of the resulting larvae fail to pupate, and died at prepupae stage, with larvicidal activity comparable with those of cyhalothrin and spinosad but lower than those of fipronil and abamectin. Moreover, many surviving pupae that fed novaluron failed to emerge as adults, in a dose dependent pattern. Furthermore, feeding of novaluron significantly decreased chitin contents in body carcass (without midgut) and integument specimen, whereas the chitin concentration in the midgut peritrophic matrix was not affected. Furthermore, uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine-pyrophosphorylase gene (LdUAP1) and chitin synthase Aa (LdChSAa), which were mainly responsible for chitin biosynthesis in ectodermally-derived tissues, were surpressed and activated respectively after novaluron ingestion. Therefore, novaluron is an effective benzoylurea insecticide to L. decemlineata fourth-instar larvae. It inhibited chitin biosynthesis in ectodermally-derived tissues, disrupted ecdysis, impaired pupation and adult emergence, and led to death in juvenile life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yu Xu
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qing-Wei Meng
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ji-Feng Shi
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Pan Deng
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Wen-Chao Guo
- Department of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China.
| | - Guo-Qing Li
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Trostanetsky A, Kostyukovsky M, Quinn E. Transovarial Effect of Novaluron on Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) After Termination of Direct Contact. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2015; 15:125. [PMID: 26363061 PMCID: PMC4672219 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iev109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The insect growth regulator novaluron (Rimon 10 EC, Makhteshim-Agan Ltd, Israel) is used against many field pests on corn, vegetables, orchards, forests, and cotton plantations. Previously, we studied various effects of novaluron on stored grain pests. Termination in Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) eggs hatching after treating adults with novaluron and following restoration after adult transfer to untreated media was observed. The objective of this study was to investigate the restoration of T. castaneum egg hatch following transfer of adults from treated media to untreated favorable and unfavorable media. The time needed for hatching restoration of 50% of eggs laid by adults transferred from novaluron (1 ppm) treated flour to untreated flour (RT50) was 2.7 d. RT50 for those transferred to untreated wheat grain was 4.1 d. RT90 in flour was 3.6 d, in grain--6.1 d. Varieties of RTs in grain and in flour with nonoverlapping confidence intervals indicate that RTs were significantly different. Delay of eggs hatching restoration for adults transferred from treated flour to unfavorable media (Petri dishes with limited amount of flour, lying of eggs not detected) was observed. RT50 in flour was 2.1 d and RT90--3.1 d, while RT50 in the unfavorable media was 3.4 d and RT90 6.5 d. Delayed effect of egg hatching restoration after adult transfer to unfavorable media provides evidence of the significant role of insect physiological state in novaluron excretion and (or) degradation by T. castaneum females.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Trostanetsky
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - M Kostyukovsky
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - E Quinn
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
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Rodriguez-Saona CR, Wise JC, Polk D, Leskey TC, Vandervoort C. Lethality of reduced-risk insecticides against plum curculio (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in blueberries, with emphasis on their curative activity. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2013; 69:1334-1345. [PMID: 23564724 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Historically, management of plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst), in highbush blueberries has focused on post-bloom broad-spectrum insecticide applications targeting the adults. Here, the efficacy of different classes of insecticides against various stages of C. nenuphar was compared, and a prebloom treatment with the chitin synthesis inhibitor novaluron in combination with a post-bloom insecticide application was tested. RESULTS Novaluron decreased the number of oviposition scars and eggs on fruit and reduced larval emergence by >60% when applied prebloom. Post-bloom applications of the oxadiazine indoxacarb and the organophosphate phosmet, but not the neonicotinoid acetamiprid, showed significant adulticidal activity. The neonicotinoids acetamiprid and thiamethoxam and phosmet showed significant curative activity on C. nenuphar larvae when applied topically to infested fruit, whereas the pyrethroid fenpropathrin, indoxacarb and novaluron were weaker curative agents. Residue profiles showed that acetamiprid and phosmet residues had the highest levels while fenpropathrin and novaluron had the lowest levels of fruit penetration. CONCLUSIONS In blueberries, novaluron showed anti-ovipositional/ovicidal activity, indoxacarb and phosmet showed adulticidal activity, while the neonicotinoids and phosmet showed best curative (larvicidal) control on C. nenuphar. A prebloom novaluron application in combination with a post-bloom treatment with an adulticidal/larvicidal insecticide is recommended for optimal multi-life-stage management of C. nenuphar. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar R Rodriguez-Saona
- P.E. Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research and Extension, Rutgers University, Chatsworth, NJ, USA
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Arthur FH, Fontenot EA. Residual activity of methoprene and novaluron as surface treatments to manage the flour beetles, Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2012; 12:95. [PMID: 23421852 PMCID: PMC3596936 DOI: 10.1673/031.012.9501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The juvenile hormone analog methoprene, and the chitin synthesis inhibitor novaluron, were evaluated by exposing late-stage larvae of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) or Tribolium confusum (Jacqueline DuVal) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) to it. The larvae were exposed to it in food material, on concrete, on plywood, and on floor tile. Larvae of T. castaneum were more susceptible than T. confusum larvae to both methoprene and novaluron on all surfaces. A further evaluation was done by exposing adult T. confusum to methoprene and novaluron through food placed on concrete treated with methoprene and novaluron, and then assessing resulting progeny production. The emergence of adults with normal morphology was reduced for both chemicals, with more malformed adults appearing in the methoprene treatment, and fewer adults of any form emerging in the novaluron treatment. The results show direct exposures to larvae, or determining progeny production from exposed adults, are valid methods for assessing the susceptibility of flour beetles to insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank H. Arthur
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Emily A. Fontenot
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
- Current Address: Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, Wagramerstrasse 5, Vienna 1400, Austria
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Kim SHS, Wise JC, Gökçe A, Whalon ME. Novaluron causes reduced egg hatch after treating adult codling moths, Cydia pomenella: support for transovarial transfer. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2011; 11:126. [PMID: 22239717 PMCID: PMC3391907 DOI: 10.1673/031.011.12601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a primary pest of apples throughout the United States. Reliance on broad spectrum organophosphates has been declining with the slated cancellation and has shifted towards narrow spectrum insecticides. Novaluron, a chitin synthesis inhibitor, has primarily been used for its ovicidal and larvacidal activities. However, recent studies have demonstrated a transovarial effect after exposure to adults. The effects of novaluron were studied to determine if reduced egg hatch occurs after exposure of different sexes to this compound. Effects of this compound through horizontal transfer were also compared with a topical application to C. pomonella eggs. Results from independent exposure of different sexes to novaluron were different than the control for all three exposure types; male only, female only, and both treated. The horizontal transfer experiment yielded no significant difference while the topical application of novaluron on eggs showed significantly lower egg hatch. Although novaluron has no direct toxicity to adults, the results of this study demonstrate that the delayed lethal activity of this compound reduces hatching of eggs laid by treated adults. Along with the direct ovicidal and larvicidal properties of novaluron, the delayed lethal activity provides an important contribution to the overall control seen in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Hoon S. Kim
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Ml 48824
- Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, 310 Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72701
| | - John C. Wise
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Ml 48824
| | - Avhan Gökçe
- Department of Plant Protection, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tasliciftlik/Tokat, Turkey
| | - Mark E. Whalon
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Ml 48824
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